Photoelectrochemical Ni-catalyzed cross-coupling of aryl bromides with amine at ultra-low potential.

Photoelectrochemical (PEC) cell is an ideal platform for organic transformation because of its green benefits and minimal energy consumption. As an emerging methodology, the reaction types of photoelectrocatalytic organic synthesis (PECOS) are limited to simple oxidation and C-H activation at current stage. Metal catalysis for the construction of C(sp)-N bonds has not been touched yet in PECOS.

Customized Photoelectrochemical C-N and C-P Bond Formation Enabled by Tailored Deposition on Photoanodes.

Photoelectrochemistry (PEC) is burgeoning as an innovative solution to organic synthesis. However, the current PEC systems suffer from limited reaction types and unsatisfactory performances. Herein, we employ efficient BiVO photoanodes with tailored deposition layers for customizing two PEC approaches toward C-N and C-P bond formation.

Addition of α-synuclein aggregates to the intestinal environment recapitulates Parkinsonian symptoms in model systems.

The gut-brain axis plays a vital role in Parkinson's disease (PD). The mechanisms of gut-brain transmission mainly focus on α-synuclein deposition, intestinal inflammation and microbiota function. A few studies have shown the trigger of PD pathology in the gut.

Exercise Reduces Airway Smooth Muscle Contraction in Asthmatic Rats via Inhibition of IL-4 Secretion and Store-Operated Ca Entry Pathway.

Purpose: Increased evidence has shown that aerobic exercise reduces airway hyperresponsiveness in asthmatic individuals. However, the underlying mechanisms of action remain elusive. This study aimed to investigate the effect of exercise on airway smooth muscle (ASM) contractile function in asthmatic rats, and uncover the possible involvement of interleukin 4 (IL-4) and the store-operated Ca entry (SOCE) pathway.

Role of Orai3-Mediated Store-Operated Calcium Entry in Radiation-Induced Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cell Injury.

Radiation-induced brain injury is a serious complication with complex pathogenesis that may accompany radiotherapy of head and neck tumors. Although studies have shown that calcium (Ca) signaling may be involved in the occurrence and development of radiation-induced brain injury, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not well understood. In this study, we used real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting assays to verify our previous finding using next-generation sequencing that the mRNA and protein expression levels of Orai3 in rat brain microvascular endothelial cells (rBMECs) increased after X-ray irradiation.

X-Ray Causes mRNA Transcripts Change to Enhance Orai2-Mediated Ca Influx in Rat Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells.

Radiation-induced brain injury is a serious and treatment-limiting complication of brain radiation therapy. Although endothelial cell dysfunction plays a critical role in the development of this pathogenesis, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Primary cultured rat brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) were divided into five groups without or with exposure of x-rays delivered at 5 Gy or 20 Gy.

IL-17 stimulates neutrophils to release S100A8/A9 to promote lung epithelial cell apoptosis in Mycoplasma pneumoniae-induced pneumonia in children.

Mycoplasma pneumoniae-induced pneumonia (MPP) is a common cause of community-acquired respiratory tract infections, increasing risk of morbidity and mortality, in children. However, diagnosing early-stage MPP is difficult owing to the lack of good diagnostic methods. Here, we examined the protein profile of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and found that S100A8/A9 was highly expressed.

Effect of oxLDL on transcriptional expression of human lens epithelial cells.

Age-related cataract patients regularly have hypertension, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia. In oxidative conditions, increased reactive oxygen species can oxidize natural low-density lipoprotein into oxidative low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL). However, the relationship between oxLDL and the occurrence of cataracts is still unclear.

TRPV4 Complexes With the Na/Ca Exchanger and IP Receptor 1 to Regulate Local Intracellular Calcium and Tracheal Tension in Mice.

Intracellular Ca is critical for regulating airway smooth muscle (ASM) tension. A rapid rise in the intracellular Ca concentration ([Ca]) of ASM cells is crucial for modulating the intensity and length of the ASM contraction. Because this rapid increase in [Ca] largely depends on the balance between Ca released from intracellular Ca stores and extracellular Ca entry, exploring the mechanisms mediating Ca transport is critical for understanding ASM contractility and the pathogenesis of bronchial contraction disorders.

Ratiometric Piezochromism of Electrospun Polymer Films: Intermolecular Interactions for Enhanced Sensitivity and Color Difference.

Many piezochromic luminescent (PCL) dyes are known for their fluorescent switching capacity in the powdered phase, but they are usually difficult to utilize practically owing to poor mechanical properties. Herein, a nanofiber film fabricated through an electrospinning process is doped with PCL dye. The electrospun film not only reveals the mechanics of macromolecular materials, but also achieves precise, gradient pressure recognition (ratiometric PCL behavior).