Evaluating the impact of Bt rice straw return on Eisenia fetida: AHP analysis, biomarkers, and Bt protein fate.

A 90-d laboratory experiment was carried out using Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) rice straws (BTTY and GK775) and non-Bt rice straws (MXZ2, HH1179, and HH38). The objective was to investigate the differences in the effects of Bt and non-Bt rice straws on the earthworm Eisenia fetida. The analytic hierarchy process was applied to assess the risk of returning rice straw to soil on E.

Integration of transcriptome and proteome reveals molecular mechanisms underlying stress responses of the cutworm, Spodoptera litura, exposed to different levels of lead (Pb).

Heavy metals are major environmental pollutants that affect organisms across different trophic levels. Herbivorous insects play an important role in the bioaccumulation, and eventually, biomagnification of these metals. Although effects of heavy metal stress on insects have been well-studied, the molecular mechanisms underlying their effects remain poorly understood.

Accumulation and excretion of zinc and their effects on growth and food utilization of Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).

By exposing larvae of the holometabolous insect Spodoptera litura to the artificial diets supplemented with a range of Zinc (Zn) contents, we investigated Zn ingestion, excretion and accumulation in the insect throughout its life cycle. The effects of Zn stress on the survival, growth and food utilization of S. litura were also determined.