Reduced sleep quality defines a subtype of obsessive-compulsive disorder with lower Glx levels in the resting thalamus and worse response inhibition.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the differences between resting and active thalamic neurometabolite levels and inhibitory function in obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) patients with poor sleep quality (PSQ was defined as Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index >5 and sleep efficiency ≤85%) compared to OCD patients with good sleep quality (GSQ) and healthy controls (HCs), as well as the relationship of these indices to obsessive compulsive symptoms.

Methods: Functional magnetic resonance spectroscopy (fMRS) was used to measure resting and active thalamic neurometabolite levels in 72 subjects (20 HCs and 38 OCD patients included in study analysis). Response inhibition function was measured by the Go-Nogo task before and during MRS recording.

Bridge connection between depression and anxiety symptoms and lifestyles in Chinese residents from a network perspective.

Background: Lifestyle habits are vital components of the culture of mental health treatment settings. We examined the bridge connection between depressive and anxiety symptoms and lifestyles from a network perspective using a population-based study.

Methods: Face-to-face interviews were conducted with a provincially representative sample of 13,768 inhabitants from the Guangdong Sleep and Psychosomatic Health Survey based on standardized evaluation techniques.

Direct changes of neurometabolic concentrations in the pregenual anterior cingulate cortex among obsessive-compulsive patients after repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment.

Background And Aim: Although Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) is a promising new noninvasive brain stimulation therapy, its underlying mechanisms of action remain unknown. OCD patients exhibit impaired response control and attention shifting, which is linked to some brain areas such as anterior cingulate cortex and basal ganglia. OCD patients also display altered neurometabolic concentrations in cortical cortical-striatal-thalamic-cortical (CSTC).

Glutamatergic neurotransmission is affected by low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation over the supplemental motor cortex of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Objective: In obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), glutamatergic neurotransmission dysfunction played key roles in pathophysiology. The current research assessed changes of neurometabolites in the bilateral striatum of OCD patients receiving low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) using 1H proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS).

Methods: 52 OCD patients were divided into rTMS treatment group (29) and the control group (medication only) (22).

Factors associated with the high susceptibility to depression of women during the perimenopause.

Objective: This study investigated the factors associated with the high susceptibility of perimenopausal women to depression.

Methods: A total of 66 perimenopausal women participated in this study. The Zung self-rating depression scale (SDS) was used to evaluate the intensity of depressive symptoms.

Medical status of outpatients with obsessive-compulsive disorder in psychiatric department and its influencing factors.

Objectives: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic and refractory mental disorder with early onset, low response rate, and poor prognosis. Studies have shown that the age of onset, severity, course of disease, and untreated course of disease may affect its clinical efficacy. At present, there are few studies on the duration of untreated illness (DUI) of OCD patients.

Prevalence and correlates of depressive and anxiety symptoms among adults in Guangdong Province of China: A population-based study.

Aims: To examine the prevalence and health correlates of depressive and anxiety symptoms among adults living in Guangdong province of China with a large population and rapid urbanization.

Methods: The Guangdong Sleep and Psychosomatic Health Survey was conducted from September to November in 2019, which was a population-based study with a representative sample of adults aged 18-85 years. Multistage stratified cluster sampling was used.

Predictors for 12-month long-term outcome in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder: The influence of duration of untreated illness and age at onset.

Background: It remains unknown whether the duration of untreated illness (DUI) may play a critical role in clinical improvement of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Using a relatively large sample of subjects with OCD, this study investigated the potential impact of the DUI on patients' clinical course and long-term treatment response.

Methods: Two hundred and seven patients with OCD recruited by the OCD outpatient clinic of our university hospital participated in the study.

The role of anxiety and depression in the relationship between physical activity and sleep quality: A serial multiple mediation model.

Background: Physical inactivity exacerbates poorer sleep quality, but potential underlying mechanisms of this association remain unknown. The present study aims to disentangle the pathways linking psychical activity to sleep quality through the serial mediation effect of anxiety and depression in a Chinese population.

Methods: Data analyzed were from Guangdong Sleep and Psychosomatic Health Survey, a cross-sectional population-based study with a representative sample of adult inhabitants aged 18-85 years living in Guangdong province, China.

Gender differences in mental health problems of healthcare workers during the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has imposed both physical and psychological burdens on healthcare workers (HCWs). What is more, few studies have focused on the gender differences in mental health problems (MHPs) among HCWs during such an outbreak. Thus, the current study investigated the prevalence and gender differences of various MHPs among HCWs in China during the COVID-19 outbreak.

One-Week Self-Guided Internet Cognitive Behavioral Treatments for Insomnia in Adults With Situational Insomnia During the COVID-19 Outbreak.

In the current global home confinement due to COVID-19, most individuals are facing unprecedented stress which can induce situational insomnia. We explored the efficacy of self-guided online cognitive behavioral treatment for insomnia (CBTI) on situational insomnia during the COVID-19 outbreak. Participants were recruited from March to April in 2020 in Guangzhou, China.

The Gene Polymorphism of VMAT2 Is Associated with Risk of Schizophrenia in Male Han Chinese.

Objective: To investigate the association between gene polymorphism of vesicular monoamine transporter type 2(VMAT2) and schizophrenia in Han Chinese population.

Methods: 430 patients with schizophrenia and 470 age-sex matched controls were recruited from four mental health centers. All patients were diagnosed by two psychiatrists based on the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM Disorders (SCID).

Analysis of magnetic resonance spectroscopy in patients with obsessivecompulsive disorder comorbid skinpicking disorder.

Objectives: To investigate the neurobiochemical characteristics of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) comorbid skin-picking disorder (SPD), and to provide reference for the pathophysiological basis for OCD.

Methods: We examined the levels of glutamate and other neurochemicals in ACC of 30 adult OCD patients (13 with comorbid SPD, 17 without SPD), using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H-MRS) at 3T. The clinical evaluation and the quantitative analysis of metabolites were carried out in the two groups.

Reduced anterior cingulate glutamate of comorbid skin-picking disorder in adults with obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Background: Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is characterized by hyperactivity in a network of forebrain structures, including the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Convergent evidence suggests that glutamatergic dysfunction may contribute to the disorder. Skin picking disorder (SPD) was listed as one of the obsessive-compulsive and related disorders, which is often comorbid with OCD and share overlapping phenomenology and pathophysiology.

[Efficacy of fluvoxamine combined with extended-release methylphenidate on treatment-refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder].

To observe the clinical efficacy of dopamine modulator methylphenidate (MPH) of extended-release formulations (MPH-ER) augmentation of ongoing fluvoxamine treatment in refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and its effects on patient's anxiety and sleep quality.
 Methods: A pilot randomized, placebo-controlled, and double-blind trial was conducted at an outpatient, single-center academic setting. Participants included 44 adults with serotonin reuptake inhibitor treatment-refractory OCD and they received a stable fluvoxamine pharmacotherapy with Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) scores higher than 20.

Combined fluvoxamine and extended-release methylphenidate improved treatment response compared to fluvoxamine alone in patients with treatment-refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder: A randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

More effective, tolerable interventions for treatment-refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are needed. Preliminary findings encourage optimism that methylphenidate augmentation may be of benefit in the treatment of OCD. To test modulator methylphenidate (MPH) of extended-release formulations (MPH-ER) a safe and effective add-on therapy for refractory OCD, a pilot randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial was conducted at an outpatient, single-center academic setting.

Surgical Resection of Pineal Epidermoid Cyst Contributed to Relieving Schizophrenia Symptoms.

Background: The pineal gland has been demonstrated to be involved in the development of mood and psychotic disorders. However, few studies have looked at the relationship between pineal region tumors and psychiatric disorders. Intracranial epidermoid cysts usually arise in the cerebellopontine angle area and are extremely rare in the pineal region.

Crystal structure of Brinzolamide: a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor.

In crystal structure of the title compound, C12H21N3O5S3 [systematic name: (R)-4-ethyl-amino-2-(3-meth-oxy-prop-yl)-3,4-di-hydro-2H-thieno[3,2-e][1,2]thia-zine-6-sulfonamide 1,1-dioxide], there exist three kinds of hydrogen-bonding inter-actions. The sulfonamide group is involved in hydrogen bonding with the secondary amine and the meth-oxy O atom, resulting in the formation of layers parallel to the bc plane. The layers are linked by an N-H⋯O hydrogen bond involving a sulfonamide O atom as acceptor and the secondary amine H atom as donor, which gives rise to the formation of a unique bilayer structure.

The association between sleep patterns and overweight/obesity in Chinese children: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: This study evaluated the association between sleep patterns and the risk of being overweight/obese in Chinese children.

Methods: A total of 3,086 children (1,608 boys and 1,478 girls) between 7 and 14 years of age and studying in primary schools were recruited as eligible study participants in this study. We collected the information about children regarding sleep patterns, body height and weight, insomnia, healthy status, time allocation of daily activities, and demographic characteristics using a parental-reported questionnaire.

Abnormal Anterior Cingulate N-Acetylaspartate and Executive Functioning in Treatment-Resistant Depression After rTMS Therapy.

Background: Cognitive impairment is a key feature of treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and can be related to the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) function. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) as an antidepressant intervention has increasingly been investigated in the last two decades. However, no studies to date have investigated the association between neurobiochemical changes within the anterior cingulate and executive dysfunction measured in TRD being treated with rTMS.

Effect of sertraline on breathing in depressed patients without moderate-to-severe sleep-related breathing disorders.

Background: Previous studies have reported that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) might improve sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBDs). However, the effects of SSRIs on breathing are not evaluated in subjects without moderate-to-severe SRBDs. Further, many symptoms of depression and SRBDs overlap, and so, it is interesting whether there are interactions between breathing and psychopathologic symptoms during SSRI treatment for depression.

Abnormalities of cortical-limbic-cerebellar white matter networks may contribute to treatment-resistant depression: a diffusion tensor imaging study.

Background: White matter abnormalities can cause network dysfunction that underlies major depressive disorder (MDD). Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is used to examine the neural connectivity and integrity of the white matter. Previous studies have implicated frontolimbic neural networks in the pathophysiology of MDD.

Altered regional homogeneity in post-traumatic stress disorder: a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study.

Objective: Little is known about the brain systems that contribute to vulnerability to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Comparison of the resting-state patterns of intrinsic functional synchronization, as measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), between groups with and without PTSD following a traumatic event can help identify the neural mechanisms of the disorder and targets for intervention.

Methods: Fifty-four PTSD patients and 72 matched traumatized subjects who experienced the 2008 Sichuan earthquake were imaged with blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) fMRI and analyzed using the measure of regional homogeneity (ReHo) during the resting state.