Biodegradation of polystyrene microplastics by superworms (larve of Zophobas atratus): Gut microbiota transition, and putative metabolic ways.

Superworm (larve of Zophobas atratus) could consume foams of expanded polystyrene plastics. However, there is no sufficient understanding of the impact of microplastics on superworms and the degradation pathways of polystyrene. Herein, we explored the weight and survival change of superworms while fed with polystyrene microplastics, and found that survival rate and mean weight would reduce.

A Super-Microsurgery Training Model: The Mouse Caudal Artery Anastomosis Model.

Objective: To establish a simple and practical model for super-microsurgery training using the middle caudal arteries of Kunming mice.

Methods: A ⊔-shaped incision was made approximately 1 cm from the root of the tail in the mouse, and the skin, together with the subcutaneous tissue, was turned up into a rectangular shape to the opposite side with exposure of the mouse middle caudal artery and the accompanying veins. The artery was freed for approximately 1 cm in length.

Reconstruction of Soft Tissue Defects in the Hand with a Free Anterolateral Thigh Deep Fascia Flap.

Objective: To report our experience in the reconstruction of soft tissue defects in the hand with a free anterolateral thigh deep fascia flap and describe the clinical outcomes.

Methods: This study was a retrospective trial. From November 2016 to January 2020, six patients (four men and two women) with soft tissue defects in the hand were included in this study.

[Tissue transplantation with bone transmission for treating large defects of tibial bone and soft tissue].

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of tissue transplantation combined with bone transmission in treatment of large defects of tibial bone and soft tissue.

Methods: Between February 2006 and February 2011, 15 cases of traumatic tibia bone and soft tissue defects were treated. There were 12 males and 3 females, aged from 16 to 54 years (mean, 32 years).

Hyperactivated JNK is a therapeutic target in pVHL-deficient renal cell carcinoma.

Clear cell renal cell carcinomas (RCC), the major histologic subtype of RCC accounting for more than 80% of cases, are typified by biallelic inactivation of the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor gene. Although accumulation of hypoxia-inducible factor alpha (HIF-α) is the most well-studied effect of VHL inactivation, direct inhibition of HIFα or restoration of wild-type pVHL protein expression has not proved readily feasible, given the limitations associated with pharmacologic targeting of transcription factors (i.e.

[Repair of the soft tissue defects at legs with free tissue flap anastomosed with descendant branch of lateral femoral circumflex artery].

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effect of free tissue flap anastomosed with reverse descendant branch of lateral femoral circumflex artery for severe soft tissue defect at leg.

Methods: The severe soft tissue defect at leg, without any vessels for anastomosis of free tissue flap, was reconstructed with free tissue flap, which was anastomosed with proximal end of descendant branch of lateral femoral circumflex artery and great saphenous vein. From Oct.

NF-kappaB-dependent plasticity of the epithelial to mesenchymal transition induced by Von Hippel-Lindau inactivation in renal cell carcinomas.

The critical downstream signaling consequences contributing to renal cancer as a result of loss of the tumor suppressor gene von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) have yet to be fully elucidated. Here, we report that VHL loss results in an epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). In studies of paired isogenic cell lines, VHL silencing increased the levels of N-cadherin and vimentin and reduced the levels of E-cadherin relative to the parental VHL(+) cell line, which displayed the opposite profile.

Inactivation of the CYLD deubiquitinase by HPV E6 mediates hypoxia-induced NF-kappaB activation.

The biochemical mechanisms that underlie hypoxia-induced NF-kappaB activity have remained largely undefined. Here, we find that prolonged hypoxia-induced NF-kappaB activation is restricted to cancer cell lines infected with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) serotypes. The HPV-encoded E6 protein is necessary and sufficient for prolonged hypoxia-induced NF-kappaB activation in these systems.

Pomegranate extract inhibits androgen-independent prostate cancer growth through a nuclear factor-kappaB-dependent mechanism.

Constitutive nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) activation is observed in androgen-independent prostate cancer and represents a predictor for biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy. Dietary agents such as pomegranate extract (PE) have received increasing attention as potential agents to prevent the onset or progression of many malignancies, including prostate cancer. Here, we show that PE inhibited NF-kappaB and cell viability of prostate cancer cell lines in a dose-dependent fashion in vitro.

Intradural lysis and peripheral nerve implantation for traumatic obsolete incomplete paralysis.

Twenty-eight patients who suffered traumatic obsolete incomplete paralysis were treated with intradural lysis and peripheral nerve implantation by a microsurgery technique. The endorachis was opened and the fibrous bands adhering to the spinal cord from the arachnoid, pia mater spinalis, ligamenta denticulatum, and the initial part of the nerve root were completely relieved. The abnormal spinal cord was then opened by three to six incisions, which were each 0.

[Application of Doppler in the skin flap of vastus lateralis].

Objective: To investigate a method of improving design of the skin flap pedicled with descending branch of lateral femoral circumflex artery, in order to increase the accuracy of preoperative Doppler location.

Methods: Firstly, the interspace between rectus femoris and vastus lateralis was regarded as line A, and the point of intersection between line A and the vertical line through the midpoint of the line between anterior superior iliac spine and lateral margin of patella was point A. And then the line between the midpoint of groin and point A was regarded as line B.

[Different types of tissue transplantation in repairing tissue defects and function reconstruction].

Objective: To explore the clinical effect of different types of free tissue transplantation on repairing tissue defects and reconstructing functions.

Methods: From November 2001 to September 2004, 14 types of free tissue transplantation and 78 free tissue flaps were applied to repairing tissue defects and reconstructing functions in extremities and maxillofacial region in 69 cases. Of the 69 cases, there were 53 males and 16 females (their ages ranged from 18 to 56, 31 on average).

[Repair of defects at both ends of blood vessels in extremities with a great disparity in diameter by vein transplantation].

Objective: To repair defects at both ends of the blood vessels with a considerable disparity in the diameter of the both sides or with a large diameter in extremities by phleboplasty of branched and double autogenous veins.

Methods: Three kinds of phleboplasty: funnel-shaped, raincape-shaped and transposed Y-shaped were designed. Experiments in fresh blood vessels in vitro were completed successfully.