Salinity inhibits seed germination and embryo growth by reducing starch mobilization efficiency in barley.

Barley is one of the world's earliest domesticated crops, which is widely used for beer production, animal feeding, and health care. Barley seed germination, particularly in increasingly saline soils, is key to ensure the safety of crop production. However, the mechanism of salt-affected seed germination in barley remains elusive.

Transcriptome analysis of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) under waterlogging stress, and overexpression of the HvADH4 gene confers waterlogging tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis.

Background: Waterlogging is one of the major abiotic stresses in barley and greatly reduces grain yield and quality. To explore the mechanism controlling waterlogging tolerance in barley, physiological, anatomical and transcriptional analyses were performed in two contrasting barley varieties, viz. Franklin (susceptible) and TX9425 (tolerant).

Genome-wide association scan and transcriptome analysis reveal candidate genes for waterlogging tolerance in cultivated barley.

Waterlogging is the primary abiotic factor that destabilizes the yield and quality of barley ( L.). However, the genetic basis of waterlogging tolerance remains poorly understood.

Identification and utilization of a new XY-1 against Fusarium head blight.

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a global wheat grain disease caused by . Biological control of FHB is considered to be an alternative disease management strategy that is environmentally benign, durable, and compatible with other control measures. In this study, to screen antagonistic bacteria with the potential to against FHB, 45 strains were isolated from different tissues of wheat.

Mutation of barley improves resistance to yellow mosaic virus disease without growth or yield penalties.

The soil-borne yellow mosaic virus disease, which is caused by the bymoviruses barley yellow mosaic virus (BaYMV) and/or barley mild mosaic virus (BaMMV), seriously threatens winter barley production in Europe and East Asia. Both viruses are transmitted by the soil-borne plasmodiophorid and are difficult to eliminate through chemical or physical measures in the field, making breeding for resistant cultivars the optimal strategy for disease control. The resistance locus was cloned encoding the host factor gene (), whose loss-of-function variants confer broad-spectrum resistance to multiple strains of BaMMV/BaYMV.

Host Specificity of Soilborne Pathogens in Species and Their Relatives.

Soilborne pathogens destabilize the yields of crops, including barley ( L.) and wheat ( L.).

Screening of stable resistant accessions and identification of resistance loci to disease.

Background: The disease caused by (BaYMV) infection is a serious threat to autumn-sown barley ( L.) production in Europe, East Asia and Iran. Due to the rapid diversification of BaYMV strains, it is urgent to discover novel germplasm and genes to assist breeding new varieties with resistance to different BaYMV strains, thus minimizing the effect of BaYMV disease on barley cropping.

Genomic and Pathogenic Diversity of Barley Yellow Mosaic Virus and Barley Mild Mosaic Virus Isolates in Fields of China and Their Compatibility with Resistance Genes of Cultivated Barley.

Plant viruses transmitted by the soilborne plasmodiophorid constantly threaten global production of cereal crops. Although the yellow mosaic virus disease of barley has been known to be present for a long time in China, the understanding of the diversity of the viral pathogens and their interactions with host resistance remains limited. In this study, we conducted a nationwide survey of .

Identification of novel QTL contributing to barley yellow mosaic resistance in wild barley (Hordeum vulgare spp. spontaneum).

Background: Barley yellow mosaic disease (BYMD) caused by Barley yellow mosaic virus (BaYMV) and Barley mild mosaic virus (BaMMV) seriously threatens the production of winter barley. Cultivating and promoting varieties that carry disease-resistant genes is one of the most powerful ways to minimize the disease's effect on yield. However, as the BYMD virus mutates rapidly, resistance conferred by the two cloned R genes to the virus had been overcome by new virus strains.

Overexpression of Barley Transcription Factor in Enhances Plant Waterlogging Tolerance.

Waterlogging stress significantly affects the growth, development, and productivity of crop plants. However, manipulation of gene expression to enhance waterlogging tolerance is very limited. In this study, we identified an ethylene-responsive factor from barley, which was strongly induced by waterlogging stress.

Bulked segregant RNA-sequencing (BSR-seq) identified a novel rare allele of eIF4E effective against multiple isolates of BaYMV/BaMMV.

A novel rare allele of the barley host factor gene eIF4E for BaMMV/BaYMV infection was identified in an Iranian landrace that showed broad resistance to barley yellow mosaic virus disease, and molecular markers facilitating efficient selection were developed. The soil-borne yellow mosaic virus disease caused by different strains of barley yellow mosaic virus (BaYMV) and barley mild mosaic virus (BaMMV) is a major threat to winter barley (Hordeum vulgare) production in Europe and East Asia. However, the exploration of resistant germplasm or casual genes for barley breeding is rather limited in relation to the rapid diversification of viral strains.

Elucidating the hypoxic stress response in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) during waterlogging: A proteomics approach.

Waterlogging is one of the major abiotic stresses that affects barley production and yield quality. Proteomics techniques have been widely utilized to explore the mechanisms involved in the responses to abiotic stress. In this study, two barley genotypes with contrasting responses to waterlogging stress were analyzed with proteomic technology.