The Small Auxin-Up RNA Is Involved in the Promotion of Seedling Growth in Rice.

Small auxin-up-regulated RNAs (SAURs) are genes rapidly activated in response to auxin hormones, significantly affecting plant growth and development. However, there is limited information available about the specific functions of SAURs in rice due to the presence of extensive redundant genes. In this study, we found that contains a conserved downstream element in its 3' untranslated region that causes its transcripts to be unstable, ultimately leading to the immediate degradation of the mRNA in rice.

Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Candidate Genes Involved in Gibberellin-Induced Fruit Development in .

Gibberellins (GAs) play indispensable roles in the fruit development of horticultural plants. Unfortunately, the molecular basis behind GAs regulating fruit development in remains obscure. Here, GA spraying to 'Guinong 5' at full-bloom promoted fruit size and weight, prickle development, seed abortion, ascorbic acid accumulation, and reduction in total soluble sugar.

Highly efficient Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation for functional analysis in woodland strawberry.

Background: The diploid woodland strawberry (Fragaria vesca) is an excellent model plant for investigating economically significant traits and several genetic resources within the Rosaceae family. Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated hairy root transformation is an alternative for exploring gene functions, especially the genes specifically expressed in roots. However, the hairy root transformation has not been established in strawberry.

Genome-wide identification and expression analyses of the pectate lyase (PL) gene family in Fragaria vesca.

Background: Pectate lyase (PL, EC 4.2.2.

A comprehensive view of metabolic responses to CYP98 perturbation in ancestral plants.

Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase 98 (CYP98) is a critical rate-limiting enzyme of the phenylpropanoid pathway. One of the end-product of the phenylpropanoid pathway is a lignin monomer, although the occurrence of lignin in bryophytes is controversial. Here we investigated the functions of PpCYP98 in Physcomitrium patens by transcriptome and metabolome analyses.

Identification and co-expression network analysis of plumule-preferentially expressed genes in Oryza sativa.

Background: The seedling establishment is controlled by the programmed expression of sets of genes at the specific tissues of seed, abundance and environment. Plumule is an important part of the seed embryo and expresses the suits of genes to exert distinct functions during seed germination. Although rice genomic resources are available and developed rapidly, thousands of transcripts have not previously been located in the plumule of rice.

Physcomitrium patens CAD1 has distinct roles in growth and resistance to biotic stress.

Background: Physcomitrium patens provides an evolutionary link between green algae and vascular plants. Although the genome of P. patens includes orthologs of all the core lignin biosynthetic enzymes, the occurrence of lignin in moss is very controversial.

RrTTG1 promotes fruit prickle development through an MBW complex in .

Fruit prickles are widely distributed on the pericarp and exhibit polymorphic traits at different developmental stages. Although they are multicellular appendages that are well-known for helping plants defend against biotic and abiotic stresses, their origination and molecular mechanism are still less known. Here, we studied the origination and molecular mechanism of fruit prickles in .

Phylogenetic relationships and characterization of the complete chloroplast genome of .

is an economically and important fruit that is extensively grown in Southwestern China. In this study, we determined the complete chloroplast genome of using high-throughput Illumina sequencing. The chloroplast genome of is 156,561 bp in size, containing a large single-copy region (LSC)(85,701 bp), a small single-copy region (SSC) (18,746 bp), and a pair of inverted repeat (IR) regions (each one of 26,057 bp).

Genome-wide analysis of LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES DOMAIN-in Physcomitrella patens and stress responses.

Background: LBDs, as the plant-specific gene family, play essential roles in lateral organ development, plant regeneration, as well as abiotic stress and pathogen response. However, the number and characteristic of LBD genes in Pyscomitrella patens were still obscure.

Objective: This study was performed to identify the LBD family gene in moss and to determine the expression profiles of LBDs under the abiotic and pathogen stress.

Characterization of the Rosa roxburghii Tratt transcriptome and analysis of MYB genes.

Rosa roxburghii Tratt (Rosaceae) has a fruit that is flavorful, economically valuable, and highly nutritious, providing numerous health benefits. Myeloblastosis (MYB) proteins play key roles in the development and fruit quality of R. roxburghii.

GLABROUS1 from Rosa roxburghii Tratt regulates trichome formation by interacting with the GL3/EGL3 protein.

GLABROUS1 is an R2R3 MYB homolog that is essential for the initiation of trichome development. In this study, we used RACE to clone a full-length cDNA from Rosa roxburghii Tratt, termed RrGL1, which was 1013 bp, including an open reading frame of 792 bp that encoded 263 amino acids. In situ hybridization, corresponding with qRT-PCR results, revealed that RrGL1 transcripts were mainly expressed in petiole, leaf, and stem.

The Salvia miltiorrhiza NAC transcription factor SmNAC1 enhances zinc content in transgenic Arabidopsis.

NAC transcription factors play important roles in plant biological processes, including plant development, environmental stress responses and element enrichment. A novel NAC transcription factor gene, designated SmNAC1, was isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza. SmNAC1 was localized in the nucleus in onion protoplasts and exhibited transcriptional activation activities in yeast.

Erratum: Pro-inflammatory effects of a litchi protein extract in murine RAW264.7 macrophages.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1038/hortres.2016.

Pro-inflammatory effects of a litchi protein extract in murine RAW264.7 macrophages.

It has been observed that the consumption of litchi often causes symptoms characterized by itching or sore throat, gum swelling, oral cavity ulcers and even fever and inflammation, which significantly impair the quality of life of a large population. Using the RAW264.7 cell line, a step-by-step strategy was used to screen for the components in litchi fruits that elicited adverse reactions.

A novel macromolecular extract screened from satsuma with pro-inflammatory effect.

Excessive consumption of horticultural fruit is a double-edged sword with both positive and negative effects. In Eastern countries, a large number of people have suffered from shang huo as a result of excessive consumption of "heating" foods, such as lychee, longan, mandarin orange, mango and civet durian. The present study adopted a step by step strategy screened the compositions with pro-inflammatory effect in satsuma fruits.

Anti-inflammatory effect of auraptene extracted from trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliate) on LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells.

Poncirus trifoliate is a traditional Chinese medicinal plant used for treating inflammation-related diseases for a long time and trifoliate orange contains abundant auraptene. The present study was to evaluate auraptene as a potential anti-inflammatory agent and investigate the mechanism of auraptene against prostaglandins E2 (PGE2) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells by comparing it with aspirin as a positive control group.

Digital gene expression analysis of corky split vein caused by boron deficiency in 'Newhall' Navel Orange (Citrus sinensis Osbeck) for selecting differentially expressed genes related to vascular hypertrophy.

Corky split vein caused by boron (B) deficiency in 'Newhall' Navel Orange was studied in the present research. The boron-deficient citrus exhibited a symptom of corky split vein in mature leaves. Morphologic and anatomical surveys at four representative phases of corky split veins showed that the symptom was the result of vascular hypertrophy.