Effect of vestibular rehabilitation treatment (VRT) on patients with unsteadiness after intratympanic gentamicin in Menière's disease: protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Menière's disease (MD) is a multifactorial disease characterised by recurring vertigo, tinnitus and fluctuating sensorineural hearing loss as typical clinical symptoms. For patients with MD with poor response to non-invasive treatments, it is recommended to use intratympanic gentamicin treatment. The destruction of vestibular organs by gentamicin may cause residual vestibular symptoms, notably unsteadiness.

Expression of nicastrin, NICD1, and Hes1 in NCSTN knockout mice: implications for hidradenitis suppurativa, Alzheimer's, and liver cancer.

Background: Nicastrin, a subunit of the γ-secretase complex, is encoded by the NCSTN gene and regulates notch signaling, it is involved in the pathogenesis of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), Alzheimer disease (AD), and liver cancer. However, the animal models for studying HS are relatively scarce.

Methods: CRISPR/Cas-mediated genetic engineering was used to generate targeted knockout offspring mice (C57BL/6J).

Clinical Predilection Features of Middle Ear Adenomatous Neuroendocrine Tumors: A Review of 10 Patients and a Special Case Is Attached.

Middle ear adenomatous neuroendocrine tumors (MEANTs) are rare middle ear lesions characterized by nonspecific symptoms, signs, and imaging findings. Diagnosis typically relies on postoperative pathological assessment. This study investigated the diagnostic utility of the predilection sites and clinical characteristics of MEANTs.

Deciphering the mechanisms of the IL-6/CXCL1 and NOD-like receptor signaling pathways in otitis media with effusion in rodents.

Background: Otitis media with effusion (OME) often leads to pediatric hearing loss and is influenced by innate and adaptive immune responses. Innate immunity serves as the non-specific first line of defense against OME.

Methods: We induced OME in rats using ovalbumin.

The therapeutic use of exosomes in children with adenoid hypertrophy accompanied by otitis media with effusion (AHOME): a protocol study.

Background: The adenoids act as a reservoir of bacterial pathogens and immune molecules, and they are significantly involved in children with otitis media with effusion (OME). As an essential carrier of intercellular substance transfer and signal transduction, exosomes with different biological functions can be secreted by various types of cells. There remains significant uncertainty regarding the clinical relevance of exosomes to OME, especially in its pathophysiologic development.

Novel compound heterozygous variants in causes early onset of non-syndromic hearing loss in a Chinese family.

Mutations in the gene have been associated with both autosomal dominant non-syndromic hearing loss (ADNSHL) and autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss (ARNSHL), with a cumulative identification of 125 pathogenic variants. To investigate the underlying genetic factor within a Chinese family affected with heriditary hearing loss, prompted the utilization of high-throughput sequencing. A detailed clinical investigation was performed.

Formononetin ameliorates cisplatin-induced hair cell death via activation of the PI3K/AKT-Nrf2 signaling pathway.

Cisplatin (CDDP) stands as a highly effective chemotherapeutic agent; however, its ototoxicity remains a perplexing challenge in the field. Formononetin (FMNT), a potent flavonoid isolated from Astragalus membranaceus, displays a diverse range of promising pharmacological activities, encompassing antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory effects. Nonetheless, the advantageous effects of FMNT on cisplatin-induced cochlear hair cell injury demand further investigation.

Shikonin potentiates skin wound healing in Sprague-Dawley rats by stimulating fibroblast and endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis.

Background: Shikonin, a major component of Lithospermum erythrorhizon, exerts anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects and expedites wound healing. This study aims to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of shikonin in a Sprague-Dawley rat model and cell models using fibroblast and endothelial cells.

Methods: The impact of shikonin on the activity of endothelial cells and fibroblasts was examined by cell counting kit 8 and wound-healing assays.

Association between severe preoperative hearing impairment and postoperative emergence agitation among elderly patients undergoing middle ear surgery.

Background: Hearing impairment is an established independent risk factor for delirium.Whether preoperative hearing impairment is associated with postoperative emergence agitation (POEA) in elderly patients remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the association between preoperative hearing impairment and POEA in elderly patients undergoing ear surgery.

Prognosis of vestibular dysfunction in idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss with vertigo: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Approximately 28%-57% of patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL) have an acute vertigo attack and probable vestibular dysfunction; however, the prognosis of vestibular function in these patients remains unclear.

Methods: A prospective cohort study of patients with ISSNHL and vertigo was conducted to evaluate the prognosis of vestibular function, especially the roles of peripheral vestibular restoration and central compensation, in patients with ISSNHL and vertigo. Clinical data were recorded at baseline and at 60 days from onset in participants with unilateral ISSNHL with vertigo.

The clinical effects of modified tinnitus relieving sound (MTRS) for chronic tinnitus: protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Chronic subjective tinnitus has become an increasingly serious hazard that affects the health-related quality of life for millions of people. Due to the lack of curative treatment strategies, this study aims to introduce a novel acoustic therapy named the modified tinnitus relieving sound (MTRS) for tinnitus and to evaluate the efficacy of MTRS in comparison with unmodified music (UM) which served as a control.

Methods And Analysis: A randomized, double-blinded, controlled, clinical trial will be carried out.

Social distancing cut down the prevalence of acute otitis media in children.

Objectives: To evaluate the additional, unintended benefits of social distancing in cutting down the prevalence of acute otitis media (AOM) in children, especially during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) periods.

Methods: The daily outpatient attendance of AOM for childhood (from 6 months to 12 years) was compared in the tertiary hospital in Shanghai during pre-COVID-19 and COVID-19 year.

Results: A total of 24,543 AOM cases were included from 2015 to 2020.

A novel frameshift variant of LMX1A that leads to autosomal dominant non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss: functional characterization of the C-terminal domain in LMX1A.

Non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss (NSHL) is a group of genetically heterogeneous conditions with broad phenotypic heterogeneity. There is, at present, no curative treatment for genetic hearing loss (HL). Early molecular diagnosis of progressive disorders and elucidation of the causes and pathomechanisms are essential for developing therapeutic strategies.

Loss of Mst1/2 activity promotes non-mitotic hair cell generation in the neonatal organ of Corti.

Mammalian sensory hair cells (HCs) have limited capacity for regeneration, which leads to permanent hearing loss after HC death. Here, we used in vitro RNA-sequencing to show that the Hippo signaling pathway is involved in HC damage and self-repair processes. Turning off Hippo signaling through Mst1/2 inhibition or Yap overexpression induces YAP nuclear accumulation, especially in supporting cells, which induces supernumerary HC production and HC regeneration after injury.

Hotspots, co-occurrence, and shifts of compound and cascading extreme climate events in Eurasian drylands.

Eurasian drylands are the regions that are most vulnerable to climate change. Climate extremes have caused enormous or even devastating impacts on ecosystems and the social economy in this region, and the compound climate extremes (com_CEs, two or more extreme events occurring simultaneously) and cascading climate extremes (cas_CEs, two or more extreme events occurring successively) have exacerbated these problems. However, little is known about the occurrence patterns of com_CEs and cas_CEs in the Eurasian drylands.

A Questionnaire-Based Ensemble Learning Model to Predict the Diagnosis of Vertigo: Model Development and Validation Study.

Background: Questionnaires have been used in the past 2 decades to predict the diagnosis of vertigo and assist clinical decision-making. A questionnaire-based machine learning model is expected to improve the efficiency of diagnosis of vestibular disorders.

Objective: This study aims to develop and validate a questionnaire-based machine learning model that predicts the diagnosis of vertigo.

Multiple Sevoflurane Exposures During the Neonatal Period Cause Hearing Impairment and Loss of Hair Cell Ribbon Synapses in Adult Mice.

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the effects of multiple sevoflurane exposures in neonatal mice on hearing function in the later life and explores the underlying mechanisms and protective strategies.

Materials And Methods: Neonatal Kunming mice were exposed to sevoflurane for 3 days. Auditory brainstem response (ABR) and distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) tests, immunofluorescence, patch-clamp recording, and quantitative real-time PCR were performed to observe hearing function, hair cells, ribbon synapses, nerve fibers, spiral ganglion neurons, and oxidative stress.

Phenotypic Profiling of People With Subjective Tinnitus and Without a Clinical Hearing Loss.

Our objective was to study the characteristics of patients with subjective tinnitus and normal hearing and to investigate whether the features correlated to different shapes on audiograms. In this retrospective study, 313 patients with subjective tinnitus and clinically normal hearing were enrolled from the tinnitus outpatient department of the Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University. The following phenotypic variables were collected: age, dominant tinnitus pitch (TP), tinnitus loudness, tinnitus duration, tinnitus severity, sex, education, hearing thresholds, tinnitus position, and tinnitus condition.

Droughts across China: Drought factors, prediction and impacts.

Drought is a complicated and costly natural hazard and identification of critical drought factors is critical for modeling and forecasting of droughts and hence development of drought mitigation measures (the Standardized Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index) in both space and time. Here we quantified relationships between drought and 23 drought factors using remote sensing data during the period of 2002-2016. Based on the Gradient Boosting Algorithm (GBM), we found that precipitation and soil moisture had relatively large contributions to droughts.

[Interpretation of clinical practice guideline: Ménière's disease （2020）].

In 1972, the Committee on Hearing and Equilibrium of the American Academy of Otoaryngology （AAO-CHE） produced the first diagnostic guidelines for Ménière's disease. The American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Foundation （AAO-HNS） modified them in 1985, 1995 and 2015. Then, AAO-HNS developed the latest updated version of the Ménière's Disease Guidelines in 2020, based on the latest evidence-based medicine foundation.