Effect of 5:2 intermittent fasting diet versus daily calorie restriction eating on metabolic-associated fatty liver disease-a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: Both 5:2 IF diet (intermittent fasting) and daily caloric restriction eating had been suggested for management of MAFLD (Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease), this study aimed to evaluate the effects of 5:2 IF diet on body weight and metabolic parameters in adults with MAFLD, in comparison to daily caloric restriction eating.

Methods: This single-center, double-blind, prospective, randomized controlled trial included 60 patients with MAFLD, who were administered either a 5:2 IF diet limited calories consumed for 2 days each week with no restrictions on the remaining 5 (Group 5:2 IF diet) or a daily calorie restriction eating (Group daily calorie restriction). Fibrotouch-B instrument assessment, ultrasound assessment of hepatic steatosis, anthropometric indices and body composition analysis, blood sample measurements were conducted during two distinct visits: initially on the day of study commencement (T1), and subsequently at the conclusion of the 12-week intervention period (T2).

Three months use of Hybrid Closed Loop Systems improves glycated hemoglobin levels in adolescents and children with type 1 diabetes: A meta-analysis.

Background: Longer outpatient studies have demonstrated that hybrid closed loop (HCL) use has led to a concomitant reduction in glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c) by 0.3%-0.7%.

Automated insulin delivery in children with type 1 diabetes during physical activity: a meta-analysis.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of the automated insulin delivery (AID) in adolescents, and children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) during physical activity.

Methods: Relevant studies were searched electronically in the Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Embase utilizing the key words "Child", "Insulin Infusion Systems", and "Diabetes Mellitus" from inception to 17th March 2024 to evaluate the performance of the AID in adolescents, and children with T1D during physical activity.

Results: Twelve studies involving 514 patients were identified.

Recent advances in the application of ionomics in metabolic diseases.

Trace elements and minerals play a significant role in human health and diseases. In recent years, ionomics has been rapidly and widely applied to explore the distribution, regulation, and crosstalk of different elements in various physiological and pathological processes. On the basis of multi-elemental analytical techniques and bioinformatics methods, it is possible to elucidate the relationship between the metabolism and homeostasis of diverse elements and common diseases.

Selenium Metabolism and Selenoproteins in Prokaryotes: A Bioinformatics Perspective.

Selenium (Se) is an important trace element that mainly occurs in the form of selenocysteine in selected proteins. In prokaryotes, Se is also required for the synthesis of selenouridine and Se-containing cofactor. A large number of selenoprotein families have been identified in diverse prokaryotic organisms, most of which are thought to be involved in various redox reactions.

lncRNA SNHG14 promotes the proliferation, migration, and invasion of thyroid tumour cells by regulating miR-93-5p.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) exert vital functions in the occurrence and development of various tumours. The aim of this study was to examine the regulatory effect and underlying molecular mechanism of lncRNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 14 (SNHG14) on the proliferation, invasion and migration of thyroid tumour cells. The expression of SNHG14 in thyroid tumour cell lines was determined using qRT-PCR.

Shortcuts to Adiabaticity for Optical Beam Propagation in Nonlinear Gradient Refractive-Index Media.

In recent years, the concept of "shortcuts to adiabaticity" has been originally proposed to speed up sufficiently slow adiabatic process in various quantum systems without final excitation. Based on the analogy between classical optics and quantum mechanics, we present a study on fast non-adiabatic compression of optical beam propagation in nonlinear gradient refractive-index media by using shortcuts to adiabaticity. We first apply the variational approximation method in nonlinear optics to derive the auxiliary equation for connecting the beam width with the refractive index of the medium.

Systems Biology of Selenium and Complex Disease.

Selenium is an essential trace element for maintenance of overall health, whose deficiency and dyshomeostasis have been linked to a variety of diseases and disorders. The majority of previous researches focused on characterization of genes encoding selenoproteins or proteins involved in selenium metabolism as well as their functions. Many studies in humans also investigated the relationship between selenium and complex diseases, but their results have been inconsistent.

Comparative genomics and metagenomics of the metallomes.

Biological trace metals are needed by all living organisms in very small quantities. They play important roles in a variety of key cellular processes, resulting in a varying degree of dependence on metals for different organisms. While most effort has been placed on identifying metal metabolic pathways and characterizing metalloproteins and their functions, computational and systematical analyses of the metallomes (or metalloproteomes) have been limited.

Network-based integration of mRNA and miRNA profiles reveals new target genes involved in pancreatic cancer.

Pancreatic cancer is regarded as the most fatal and aggressive malignancy cancer due to its low 5-year survival rate and poor prognosis. The approaches of early diagnosis and treatment are limited, which makes it urgent to identify the complex mechanism of pancreatic oncogenesis. In this study, we used RNA-seq to investigate the transcriptomic (mRNA and miRNA) profiles of pancreatic cancer in paired tumor and normal pancreatic samples from ten patients.

[Progress on ionomics of complex diseases].

Ionomics is a new multidisciplinary scientific field for investigating the composition and distribution of all chemical elements in specific biological systems as well as their variations under different physiological and pathological conditions. It combines both high-throughput techniques for element profile measurement and bioinformatic methods, which provides new ideas for obtaining a systems-level understanding of biological utilization and functions of these elements. More and more results of researches suggest that ionomics has important theoretical and practical values in etiological study, early diagnosis and screening, and therapeutic strategy selection for complex diseases.