Estimated potassium intake and major adverse cardiovascular events in individuals with type 2 diabetes: a prospective cohort study with trans-ethnic validation.

Background: Data on the relationship between potassium intake and major cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with diabetes are scarce. We aim to study the association between estimated potassium intake and risk of MACE in individuals with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: The discovery cohort consisted of 1572 participants with type 2 diabetes from a secondary hospital.

A Systematic Review: What Are the Impacts of Receiving Extrinsic Feedback on Health Professions Students in Higher Education?

Effective feedback is crucial for educating health professions students. This systematic review investigates the impact of extrinsic feedback on health professions students, encompassing medical, dental, and nursing fields. Through meticulous gathering and analysis of 37 studies, this review highlights verbal and visual feedback as predominant forms, often delivered immediately by instructors and supplemented by peer or simulated input.

Incidence and Outcomes of Cardiocerebral Infarction: A Cohort Study of 2 National Population-Based Registries.

Background: Cardiocerebral infarction (CCI), which is concomitant with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and acute ischemic stroke (AIS), is a rare but severe presentation. However, there are few data on CCI, and the treatment options are uncertain. We investigated the characteristics and outcomes of CCI compared with AMI or AIS alone.

Proteomics profiling and association with cardiorenal complications in type 2 diabetes subtypes in Asian population.

Aim: Among multi-ethnic Asians, type 2 diabetes (T2D) clustered in three subtypes; mild obesity-related diabetes (MOD), mild age-related diabetes with insulin insufficiency (MARD-II) and severe insulin-resistant diabetes with relative insulin insufficiency (SIRD-RII) had differential cardio-renal complication risk. We assessed the proteomic profiles to identify subtype specific biomarkers and its association with diabetes complications.

Methods: 1448 plasma proteins at baseline were measured and compared across the T2D subtypes.

Incident heart failure and the subsequent risk of progression to end stage kidney disease in individuals with type 2 diabetes.

Background: Diabetic kidney disease is an established risk factor for heart failure. However, the impact of incident heart failure on the subsequent risk of renal failure has not been systematically assessed in diabetic population. We sought to study the risk of progression to end stage kidney disease (ESKD) after incident heart failure in Asian patients with type 2 diabetes.

Plasma ceramides predict all-cause and cause-specific mortality in individuals with type 2 diabetes.

Context: The CERT1 (Cardiovascular Event Risk Test) score derived from plasma ceramides has been applied clinically for cardiovascular risk assessment.

Objective: To study whether plasma ceramides predict risk of mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Design, Setting And Participants: A prospective study which included 1903 outpatients with type 2 diabetes in a regional hospital and a primary care facility in Singapore.

Association of plasma ceramide with decline in kidney function in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Circulating ceramide levels are dysregulated in kidney disease. However, their associations with rapid decline in kidney function (RDKF) and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are unknown. In this prospective study of 1746 T2D participants, we examined the association of plasma ceramide Cer16:0, Cer18:0, Cer24:0, and Cer24:1 with RDKF, defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline of 5 ml/min/1.

The rapidly evolving X-linked family fine-tunes spermatogenesis to enhance sperm competition.

Despite rapid evolution across eutherian mammals, the X-linked family miRNAs are located in a region flanked by two highly conserved protein-coding genes ( and ) on the X chromosome. Intriguingly, these miRNAs are predominantly expressed in the testis, suggesting a potential role in spermatogenesis and male fertility. Here, we report that the X-linked family miRNAs were derived from the MER91C DNA transposons.

Urine tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolites and risk of end stage kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Context: Metabolites in tricarboxylic acid (TCA) pathway have pleiotropic functions.

Objective: To study the association between urine TCA cycle metabolites and the risk for chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression in individuals with type 2 diabetes.

Design, Setting And Participants: A prospective study in a discovery (n = 1826) and a validation (n = 1235) cohort of type 2 diabetes in a regional hospital and a primary care facility.

Association of plasma angiogenin with risk of major cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes.

Background: Angiogenin, an enzyme belonging to the ribonucleases A superfamily, plays an important role in vascular biology. Here, we sought to study the association of plasma angiogenin and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods: This prospective study included 1083 T2D individuals recruited from a secondary hospital and a primary care facility.

Association Between Plasma LRG1 and Lower Cognitive Function in Asians With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Context: Leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications, but its association with cognitive function remains unclear.

Objective: Our primary objective is to investigate the longitudinal association between LRG1 and cognitive function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Secondarily, we determine the causal relationship using Mendelian randomization (MR) and the role of arterial stiffness as a potential mediator.

Incidence and Long-Term Outcomes of Acute Myocardial Infarction Among Survivors of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest.

Background: Despite the increasing long-term survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), the risk of subsequent acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains poorly understood. We aimed to determine the incidence, predictors, and long-term outcomes of AMI among survivors of OHCA.

Methods And Results: We assembled a retrospective cohort of 882 patients with OHCA who survived to 30 days or discharge from the hospital between 2010 and 2019.

Longitudinal profiling and tracking stability in the Singapore study of macro-angiopathy and microvascular reactivity in type 2 diabetes cohort.

Introduction: The Singapore Study of Macro-Angiopathy and microvascular Reactivity in Type 2 Diabetes (SMART2D) is a prospective cohort study which was started in 2011 to investigate the effect of risk factors on vascular function and diabetes-related complications in Asians. We aimed to compare the longitudinal change in risk factors by accounting for batch effect and assess the tracking stability of risk factors over time in patients recruited for SMART2D. In this study, we (1) described batch effect and its extent across a heterogenous range of longitudinal data parameters; (2) mitigated batch effect through statistical approach; and (3) assessed the tracking stability of the risk factors over time.

Multilevel-Regulated Metal-Organic Framework Platform Integrating Pore Space Partition and Open-Metal Sites for Enhanced CO Photoreduction to CO with Nearly 100% Selectivity.

Rational design and regulation of atomically precise photocatalysts are essential for constructing efficient photocatalytic systems tunable at both the atomic and molecular levels. Herein, we propose a platform-based strategy capable of integrating both pore space partition (PSP) and open-metal sites (OMSs) as foundational features for constructing high-performance photocatalysts. We demonstrate the first structural prototype obtained from this strategy: pore-partitioned NiTCPE- (TCPE = 1,1,2,2-tetra(4-carboxylphenyl)ethylene, = partitioned topology).

Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events Score Underestimates Post-Acute Coronary Syndrome Mortality among Cancer Patients.

Background Patients with prior cancer are at increased risk of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) with poorer post-ACS outcomes. We aimed to ascertain if the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) score accurately predicts mortality risk among patients with ACS and prior cancer. Methods We linked nationwide ACS and cancer registries from 2007 to 2018 in Singapore.

Association between the extension of smoke-free legislation and incident acute myocardial infarctions in Singapore from 2010 to 2019: an interrupted time-series analysis.

Background: We examined the association between smoke-free laws implemented in the outdoors and the common areas of residential apartment blocks and reported acute myocardial infarctions (AMI) in Singapore.

Methods: We used an interrupted time-series design and seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average models to examine the effect of the smoke-free law extensions in 2013 (common areas of residential blocks, covered pedestrian linkways, overhead bridges and within 5 m of bus stops), 2016 (parks) and 2017 (educational institutions, buses and taxis) on the monthly incidence rate of AMIs per 1 000 000 population.

Results: We included 133 868 AMI reports from January 2010 to December 2019.

Plasma Tryptophan-Kynurenine Pathway Metabolites and Risk for Progression to End-Stage Kidney Disease in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes.

Objective: We sought to study the associations between plasma metabolites in the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway and the risk of progression to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Research Design And Methods: Plasma tryptophan, kynurenine, 3-hydroxykynurenine, kynurenic acid, and xanthurenic acid concentrations were measured in discovery (n = 1,915) and replication (n = 346) cohorts. External validation was performed in Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) participants with diabetes (n = 1,312).