Core-shell hydrogel with synergistic super absorption and long-term acid resistance stability: a novel gastric retention drug delivery carrier.

Traditional natural polysaccharide-based hydrogels, when used as drug carriers, often struggle to maintain long-term stability in the extremely harsh gastric environment. This results in unstable drug release and significant challenges in bioavailability. To address this issue, this study utilized inexpensive and safe natural polysaccharides-chitosan (CS) and high methoxyl pectin (HM)-as raw materials.

Clinical Applicable Carboxymethyl Chitosan with Gel-Forming and Stabilizing Properties Based on Terminal Sterilization Methods of Electron Beam Irradiation.

Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC)-based hydrogels have great potential for clinical applications, but a critical sterilization process must be addressed to bring them to market. Compared to ethylene oxide sterilization or heat sterilization, irradiation sterilization avoids alkylation and heat damage, while available studies on γ-irradiated other polysaccharides show that solution polysaccharides are susceptible to degradation or cross-linking. Aiming at the challenges brought by the γ-irradiation process of polysaccharide aqueous solution, this paper innovatively proposes the lyophilized CMC using electron beam (EB) irradiation, which not only avoids the generation of free radicals in the irradiated water leading to the degradation and cross-linking of polysaccharides but also retains the properties of CMC in terms of gel formation, stabilization, and clinical application.

Cross-regulation between proteome reallocation and metabolic flux redistribution governs bacterial growth transition kinetics.

Bacteria need to adjust their metabolism and protein synthesis simultaneously to adapt to changing nutrient conditions. It's still a grand challenge to predict how cells coordinate such adaptation due to the cross-regulation between the metabolic fluxes and the protein synthesis. Here we developed a dynamic Constrained Allocation Flux Balance Analysis method (dCAFBA), which integrates flux-controlled proteome allocation and protein limited flux balance analysis.

Simply and Cheaply Prepared Liposomal Membrane for Nanocarriers: High Encapsulation Efficiency Based on Broad Regulation of Surface Charges and pH-Switchable Performance.

The zeta potential of nanoparticles impacts their distribution and metabolism in the body as well as their interaction with medications of varying charges, hence altering therapeutic efficacy and safety. In this paper, the external charges of liposomes were regulated by utilizing a simple and economical method based on competition for protons of cationic chitosan (CS) and anion hyaluronic acid (HA). The charge regulation of a liposomal membrane is generally accomplished by adjusting the ratio of charged lipids within a liposome (e.

The role and regulatory mechanism of HIF-1α in myocardial injury in rats undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass.

Background: Hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1α) is a transcription factor implicated in physiological and pathological responses to hypoxia. The present study aims to investigate the effect and mechanism of HIF-1α on cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB)-related myocardial injury, thereby conferring a theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of myocardial injury in CPB.

Methods: An experimental model of CPB was established in rats by surgery.

A novel hydrogel orthotopic injection model in moderately hypofractionated radiation therapy for prostate cancer: Adaptive degradation and durable imaging.

Purpose: Moderately hypofractionated radiotherapy (MHRT) holds an important position in prostate cancer management. Existing hydrogel spacers can protect the rectum from radiation damage, but need improvement. We explored the application of a novel hydrogel in MHRT with adaptive degradation and durable imaging functions.

Circular Network of Coregulated Sphingolipids Dictates Chronic Hypoxia Damage in Patients With Tetralogy of Fallot.

Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the most common cyanotic heart disease. However, the association of cardiac metabolic reprogramming changes and underlying molecular mechanisms in TOF-related chronic myocardial hypoxia damage are still unclear. In this study, we combined microarray transcriptomics analysis with liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) spectrum metabolomics analysis to establish the metabolic reprogramming that occurs in response to chronic hypoxia damage.

The Albumin-to-Fibrinogen Ratio Independently Predicts Acute Kidney Injury in Infants With Ventricular Septal Defect Undergoing Cardiac Surgery With Cardiopulmonary Bypass.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common and serious complication faced by children following ventricular septal defect (VSD) surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). The objective of this study was to explore potential predictors inherent to AKI. VSD infants who were scheduled for elective cardiac surgery with CPB from 2017 to 2020 were enrolled in this study.

The volume expansion effect of amine during CO adsorption process: An experimental study combined with theoretical calculations.

The volume expansion effect of amine supported on mesoporous silica during CO adsorption process was found for the first time through well-designed experiments and was further confirmed by theoretical calculations. It was found that the residual pore volume of mesocellular silica foam (MCF) based solid amine sorbent (tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) supported on MCF) gradually decreased with the increase of CO uptake. Moreover, the surface area, the average diameters of window and cell of MCF show a similar changing trend.

Compositional data network analysis via lasso penalized D-trace loss.

Motivation: With the development of high-throughput sequencing techniques for 16S-rRNA gene profiling, the analysis of microbial communities is becoming more and more attractive and reliable. Inferring the direct interaction network among microbial communities helps in the identification of mechanisms underlying community structure. However, the analysis of compositional data remains challenging by the relative information conveyed by such data, as well as its high dimensionality.

[Moxibustion Plus Medication Can Relieve Refractory Nausea and Vomiting and Improve Quality of Life of Advanced Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemical Therapy].

Objective: To explore the efficacy of moxibustion combined with medication in the treatment of refractory nausea and vomiting and quality of life (QOL) in advanced cancer patients.

Methods: A total of 266 advanced cancer patients with nausea and vomiting were randomly assigned to Metoclopramide group (M group, ＝70), Metoclopramide plus Haloperidol group (MH group, ＝65), moxibustion ＋ M group (＝63), and moxibustion ＋ MH group (＝68). Moxibustion was applied to bilateral Zusanli (ST 36), and Guanyuan (CV 4), Qihai (CV 6) for 20 min every time, twice a day for 2 weeks.

Flux Balance Analysis of Plant Metabolism: The Effect of Biomass Composition and Model Structure on Model Predictions.

The biomass composition represented in constraint-based metabolic models is a key component for predicting cellular metabolism using flux balance analysis (FBA). Despite major advances in analytical technologies, it is often challenging to obtain a detailed composition of all major biomass components experimentally. Studies examining the influence of the biomass composition on the predictions of metabolic models have so far mostly been done on models of microorganisms.

A network based covariance test for detecting multivariate eQTL in saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Background: Expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) analysis has been widely used to understand how genetic variations affect gene expressions in the biological systems. Traditional eQTL is investigated in a pair-wise manner in which one SNP affects the expression of one gene. In this way, some associated markers found in GWAS have been related to disease mechanism by eQTL study.

A genome-scale metabolic network reconstruction of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) and its application to photorespiratory metabolism.

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) has been studied extensively due to its high economic value in the market, and high content in health-promoting antioxidant compounds. Tomato is also considered as an excellent model organism for studying the development and metabolism of fleshy fruits.

Tenuigenin protects dopaminergic neurons from inflammation-mediated damage induced by the lipopolysaccharide.

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc).

Aims: To study if tenuigenin (TEN), the main active component of Polygala tenuifolia, can protect dopaminergic neurons from inflammation-mediated damage in vivo.

Methods: We observed the effects of TEN on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced PD model by behavioral analysis, high-performance liquid chromatography, immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay, etc.

Brassinosteroid alleviates phenanthrene and pyrene phytotoxicity by increasing detoxification activity and photosynthesis in tomato.

The present study was carried out to investigate the effects of exogenously applied 24-epibrassinolide (BR) on growth, gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant systems of tomato seedlings grown under different levels (0, 10, 30, 100 and 300μM) of phenanthrene (PHE) and pyrene (PYR) in hydroponics. A concentration-dependent decrease in growth, photosynthetic pigment contents, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), maximal quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm), effective quantum yield of PSII (Φ(PSII)), photochemical quenching coefficient (qP) has been observed following PHE and PYR exposure. By contrast, non-photochemical quenching coefficient (NPQ) was increased.