Respiratory quotient as an early predictor of length of stay after cardiac surgery: A prospective observational study.

Background And Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the respiratory quotient (RQ) levels and its trend in the early postoperative period of patients with heart disease. Additionally, we explored factors influencing RQ and evaluated the predictive capabilities of RQ and lactic acid for various outcomes.

Methods And Study Design: In this prospective observational study, participants included were heart disease patients aged 18-80 years who underwent elective open-heart surgery and were subsequently admitted to the cardiothoracic surgery ICU post-operation.

Associations Between Serum TNF-α, IL-6, hs-CRP and GLMD in Obese Children and Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Purpose: To explore the relationships between serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels and glucolipid metabolism disorders (GLMD) in obese children and adolescents.

Patients And Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 105 obese children and adolescents were selected for the detection of TNF-α, IL-6, hs-CRP, and glycolipid metabolism indicators. All participants were divided into elevated TNF-α group (≥8.

Sleep duration of lactating mothers and its relationship with feeding pattern, milk macronutrients and related serum factors: A combined longitudinal cohort and cross-sectional study.

Objective: Insufficient sleep is common in postpartum mothers. The main objectives of this study are to explore the sleep duration among Chinese lactating mothers and preliminarily investigate the relationship between sleep duration and feeding pattern. The secondary objectives are to investigate the relationships between sleep duration and milk macronutrients and between maternal-related indicators, including melatonin (MT), growth hormone (GH), ghrelin (GHRL), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), prolactin (PRL), and cholecystokinin (CCK).

Comparing human milk macronutrients measured using analyzers based on mid-infrared spectroscopy and ultrasound and the application of machine learning in data fitting.

Objective: Fat, carbohydrates (mainly lactose) and protein in breast milk all provide indispensable benefits for the growth of newborns. The only source of nutrition in early infancy is breast milk, so the energy of breast milk is also crucial to the growth of infants. Some macronutrients composition in human breast milk varies greatly, which could affect its nutritional fulfillment to preterm infant needs.

Relationship between energy intake, prognosis and related indicators in adults after cardiac, thoracic, and vascular surgery: A prospective observational study.

Background And Objectives: The study aimed to explore the association between energy intake (EI), the proportion of enteral nutrition intake (EN%), and prognostic-related indicators.

Methods And Study Design: This was a prospective observational study. Patients aged 18-80 years old, who had undergone cardiothoracic surgery, were enrolled between January 2017 and January 2018.

Resting Energy Expenditure Early after Cardiac Surgery and Validity of Predictive Equations: A Prospective Observational Study.

Objective: Several predictive equations have been used to estimate patients' energy expenditure. The study aimed to describe the characteristics of resting energy expenditure (REE) in patients undergoing mechanical ventilation during early postoperative stage after cardiac surgery and evaluate the validity of 9 REE predictive equations.

Methods: This was a prospective observational study.

Effect of an individualised nutritional intervention on gestational diabetes mellitus prevention in a high-risk population screened by a prediction model: study protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial.

Background: The ability of a preventive nutritional intervention to reduce the morbidity of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) remains controversial. We aim to assess whether GDM can be prevented by an individualised nutritional intervention in pregnant women who are at high risk for the disease based on a prediction model.

Methods/design: A multicentre randomised controlled trial was designed to assess the efficacy of an individualised nutritional intervention for the prevention of GDM in a high-risk population screened by a novel prediction model in the first trimester.

Uric acid is associated with adiposity factors, especially with fat mass reduction during weight loss in obese children and adolescents.

Background: Current adult studies suggest that uric acid (UA) is associated with body fat, but the relationship in obese children is unclear. Thus, we aim to evaluate the association between uric acid and body composition of obese children.

Methods: A total of 79 obese children were included in this study, and 52 children (34 boys and 18 girls) underwent a 6-week weight loss camp, including 34 boys and 18 girls.

Risk factors of parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis in very-low-birthweight infants.

Aim: We aimed to explore risk factors associated with parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis (PNAC) in very-low-birthweight (VLBW) infants.

Methods: VLBW infants receiving parenteral nutrition (PN) for at least 14 days were enrolled in a retrospective dual-centre study and divided into two groups chronologically: group A (2000-2007) and group B (2008-2015). The incidence of PNAC and related factors were investigated.

Analysis of Nutrition Support in Very Low-Birth-Weight Infants With Extrauterine Growth Restriction.

Objective: To assess the incidence of extrauterine growth restriction (EUGR) in very low-birth-weight infants (VLBWIs) and evaluate the nutrition factors in VLBWIs associated with inadequate nutrient intakes during hospitalization.

Methods: A total of 128 VLBWIs were divided into an EUGR group (n = 87) and a non-EUGR group (n = 41). Growth and parenteral nutrition (PN) and enteral nutrition (EN) practices were analyzed.

Retrospective Dual-Center Study of Parenteral Nutrition-Associated Cholestasis in Premature Neonates: 15 Years' Experience.

Background: The pathogenesis of parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis (PNAC) has not been clarified. The objective of this study was to explore the incidence of PNAC in premature infants without surgery and to identify associated risk factors.

Materials And Methods: Premature neonates who received parenteral nutrition (PN) at least 14 days were included in a retrospective, dual-center study.

Habitual Sleep Duration and Risk of Childhood Obesity: Systematic Review and Dose-response Meta-analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies.

A meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies found that shorter-time sleep was correlated with increased risk of obesity in children. However, findings from prospective cohort studies were inconsistent. PubMed and other data resources were searched through May 2015.

Effects of a summer program for weight management in obese children and adolescents in Shanghai.

Objective: To investigate the effects of a combined intervention of diet and physical activity on body composition, resting energy expenditure (REE) and metabolic factors in obese children and adolescents.

Methods: Twenty obese children and adolescents aged 7 to 17 years completed a 4-week summer camp program which focussed on personal behaviour, including energy-restricted diets and supervised physical activity. Anthropometry, bioelectrical impedance, ultrasonography (US) for subcutaneous and hepatic fat, and abdominal Magnetic Resonance Imaging assessments were made and blood pressure (BP) recorded before and after the 4-week intervention.

Relation between serum osteocalcin levels and body composition in obese children.

Overweight and obesity may contribute to bone fractures in children; however, the mechanism involved is not clear. In this study, we assessed the relation between serum osteocalcin levels and body composition in obese children. A total of 79 children (ages 7-12 years) were recruited.