Facial emotion processing in schizophrenia: a meta-analysis of functional neuroimaging data.

Background: People with schizophrenia have difficulty with emotion perception. Functional imaging studies indicate regional brain activation abnormalities in patients with schizophrenia when processing facial emotion. However, findings have not been entirely consistent across different studies.

Ras dependent paracrine secretion of osteopontin by Nf1+/- osteoblasts promote osteoclast activation in a neurofibromatosis type I murine model.

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a pandemic genetic disorder characterized by malignant and nonmalignant manifestations, including skeletal abnormalities, such as osteoporosis, scoliosis, short stature, and pseudarthrosis. Recent studies in genetically inbred mice and from human patients with NF1 have identified multiple gains in osteoclast (OCL) functions both in vitro and in vivo. Given that osteoblasts secrete cytokines that promote OCL maturation/activation, we sought to identify whether haploinsufficiency of Nf1 (Nf1+/-) osteoblasts and their precursors secrete cytokines that have a central role in this process.

The p85alpha subunit of class IA phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulates the expression of multiple genes involved in osteoclast maturation and migration.

Intracellular signals involved in the maturation and function of osteoclasts are poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that osteoclasts express multiple regulatory subunits of class I(A) phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K) although the expression of the full-length form of p85alpha is most abundant. In vivo, deficiency of p85alpha results in a significantly greater number of trabeculae and significantly lower spacing between trabeculae as well as increased bone mass in both males and females compared to their sex-matched wild-type controls.

[The influence of recombinant human growth hormones on the systemic metabolism after severe burn].

Objective: To explore the influence of recombinant human growth hormones (rhGH) postburn systemic metabolism.

Methods: Twenty-four burn patients were randomly and equally divided into treatment and control groups. Same amount of rhGH (9 U/d) or isotonic saline was injected subcutaneously to respective patients during 3 approximately 17 postburn days (PBDs).