A new risk factor for coronary artery disease can be detected by an ApoA1 mAb-based assay.

Background: This study aimed to find coronary artery disease (CAD) related apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) monoclonal antibody (mAb) and to evaluate the diagnostic value of the assay based on it.

Methods: Patients with CAD diagnosed by coronary angiography (disease group, n = 180) and healthy subjects (control group, n = 199) were recruited. The correlation between methods and CAD were evaluated by Spearman's rank correlation coefficients.

Report of a Novel Molecular Profile in Malignant Insulinoma.

Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, or pNETs, represent a rare and clinically heterogenous subset of pancreatic neoplasms. One such pNET, the insulinoma, is found to be malignant in just 4% of all insulinomas. Due to the exceedingly uncommon occurrence of these tumors, there is controversy regarding the optimal evidence-based management for these patients.

The Effect of Tramadol Versus Sufentanil on Controlling Postoperative Pain for Men Who Smoke and Do Not Smoke: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Smoking behavior alters the analgesic threshold, which challenges postoperative pain management for patients who smoke.

Objectives: We aimed to assess the analgesic efficacy of tramadol versus sufentanil in relieving postoperative pain for patients who do and do not smoke who underwent a partial hepatectomy.

Study Design: Double-blinded randomized controlled trial.

Approach to Mediastinal Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology.

Mediastinal fine needle aspirations are routinely encountered in cytopathology practice. Mediastinal lesions may pose diagnostic challenges owing to their rarity and locations associated with the complexity of the mediastinal anatomic structures in the thoracic cavity. Diagnosing mediastinal lesions and guiding patient management usually require correlating with clinical and radiologic findings, being familiar with cytomorphologic features and appropriately triaging the diagnostic material for ancillary testing.

Enhancement of the Thermoelectric Performance of CuGeSe via Isoelectronic (Ag, S)-co-substitution.

Recently, ternary Cu-based Cu-IV-Se (IV = Sb, Ge, and Sn) compounds have received extensive attention in the thermoelectric field. Compared with Cu-Sb-Se and Cu-Sn-Se, Cu-Ge-Se compounds have been less studied due to its poor Seebeck coefficient and high thermal conductivity. Here, the CuGeSe material with high electrical conductivity was first prepared, and then, its effective mass was increased by doping with S, which led to the Seebeck coefficient of the doped sample being 1.

CAR race to cancer immunotherapy: from CAR T, CAR NK to CAR macrophage therapy.

Adoptive cell therapy with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) immunotherapy has made tremendous progress with five CAR T therapies approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for hematological malignancies. However, CAR immunotherapy in solid tumors lags significantly behind. Some of the major hurdles for CAR immunotherapy in solid tumors include CAR T cell manufacturing, lack of tumor-specific antigens, inefficient CAR T cell trafficking and infiltration into tumor sites, immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), therapy-associated toxicity, and antigen escape.

The emergence and epidemic characteristics of the highly mutated SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant.

Recently, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant (B.1.1.

Diagnostic Challenges in Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology of Mediastinal Tumors and Lesions.

Context.—: Mediastinal tumors/lesions are frequently encountered in daily cytopathology practice. These lesions are accessible through endoscopic/endobronchial ultrasound-guided or computed tomography-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology and represent a wide range of primary and metastatic tumors.

Nicotine withdrawal induces hyperalgesia via downregulation of descending serotonergic pathway in the nucleus raphe magnus.

Patients deprived of cigarettes exhibit increased pain sensitivity during perioperative periods, yet the underlying neuroanatomical and molecular bases of this hypersensitivity are unclear. The present study showed that both the mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT) and thermal withdrawal latency (TWL) were significantly decreased in a rat model of nicotine withdrawal. These rats showed less tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (TPH2) positive neurons and reduced TPH2 expression in the nucleus raphe magnus (NRM), and thus resulted in decreased 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) levels in cerebrospinal fluid.

Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA) Combined with Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization (TACE) for Patients with Medium-to-Large Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Retrospective Analysis of Long-Term Outcome.

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) plus transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with tumor size ranging from 3.0 to 10.0 cm.

MicroRNA-330 Directs Downregulation of the GABAR2 in the Pathogenesis of Pancreatic Cancer Pain.

Pancreatic cancer is one of the most aggressive and deadly malignancies with a very poor prognosis. Pancreatic cancer-induced visceral pain is very common and is generally presented among the initial symptoms in patients; such pain is strongly associated with poor quality of life, impaired functional activity, and decreased survival. However, the principal neurobiological mechanisms of pain caused by pancreatic cancer have not been fully elucidated.

Comparison of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) immunostain for nonsmall cell lung carcinoma between paired cytological and surgical specimens.

Background: programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a ligand for the inhibitory programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-L1), which are targeted by several anti-PD-1 and PD-L1 drugs for lung cancer treatment. In clinical practice, many lung cancer cases only have cytology samples available to test PD-L1. Our current study compared the PD-L1 immunohistochemistry (IHC) between paired cytological and surgical samples.

MINAR1 is a Notch2-binding protein that inhibits angiogenesis and breast cancer growth.

Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs)/intrinsically unstructured proteins are characterized by the lack of fixed or stable tertiary structure, and are increasingly recognized as an important class of proteins with major roles in signal transduction and transcriptional regulation. In this study, we report the identification and functional characterization of a previously uncharacterized protein (UPF0258/KIAA1024), major intrinsically disordered Notch2-associated receptor 1 (MINAR1). While MINAR1 carries a single transmembrane domain and a short cytoplasmic domain, it has a large extracellular domain that shares no similarity with known protein sequences.

Establishment of a murine pancreatic cancer pain model and microarray analysis of pain‑associated genes in the spinal cord dorsal horn.

There is emerging evidence on the mechanisms of pancreatic cancer pain. Following the establishment of an orthotropic transplantation model of pancreatic cancer, microarray analysis was performed to identify changes in the expression levels of pain‑associated genes in the spinal cord. A mouse model of pancreatic cancer‑induced pain was established by implanting SW 1990 cells into the pancreases of female BALB/c‑nu mice.

Pathology: A Satisfying Medical Profession.

Medical students are often unsure about the viability of a career as a physician in pathology. In particular, they are concerned that pathologists may not have a gratifying lifestyle or be well compensated. These worries may cause angst among medical students considering pathology and among junior pathology residents wondering if they made the correct career choice.

Rb and FZR1/Cdh1 determine CDK4/6-cyclin D requirement in C. elegans and human cancer cells.

Cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) in complex with D-type cyclins promote cell cycle entry. Most human cancers contain overactive CDK4/6-cyclin D, and CDK4/6-specific inhibitors are promising anti-cancer therapeutics. Here, we investigate the critical functions of CDK4/6-cyclin D kinases, starting from an unbiased screen in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.

Renal Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor: A Case Report and Comprehensive Review of Literature.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare benign tumor found in various organs with a sparse number of cases reported in the kidney. We report a case of IMT in a 48-year-old male who underwent laparoscopic partial nephrectomy for a 2.4 cm renal mass suspicious for renal cell carcinoma.

C. elegans MCM-4 is a general DNA replication and checkpoint component with an epidermis-specific requirement for growth and viability.

DNA replication and its connection to M phase restraint are studied extensively at the level of single cells but rarely in the context of a developing animal. C. elegans lin-6 mutants lack DNA synthesis in postembryonic somatic cell lineages, while entry into mitosis continues.

Comparison of microsatellite instability, CpG island methylation phenotype, BRAF and KRAS status in serrated polyps and traditional adenomas indicates separate pathways to distinct colorectal carcinoma end points.

The aim of this study was to compare BRAF and KRAS, CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP), and microsatellite instability (MSI) status in each of the histologic categories, including end-point carcinomas with residual adenoma, of the serrated polyp neoplasia pathway and the traditional (nonserrated) adenoma-carcinoma sequence. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was extracted from the selected samples and assayed for BRAF, KRAS2 codon12, 13, CIMP using markers hMLH1, MGMT, MINT1, MINT2, p16, and MSI using an assay for BAT25 and BAT26. A BRAF mutation was present in 82% of serrated carcinomas (SCas), 62% of serrated adenomas (SAs), 83% of serrated polyps with abnormal proliferation (SPAPs-syn.

The retina of Manduca sexta: rhodopsin expression, the mosaic of green-, blue- and UV-sensitive photoreceptors, and regional specialization.

Spectral sensitivities of individual photoreceptors in the compound eye of Manduca sexta were verified by immunocytochemistry, and the retinal mosaic was mapped, using polyclonal antisera raised against amino-terminal sequences of three identified rhodopsins: P520, P450 and P357. Retinulae are composed of a small proximal cell and seven or eight elongate cells extending across the retina. In each retinula, one or two elongate dv cells oriented in the dorsal-ventral axis of the retinal lattice express either P450 or P357.

A complex of LIN-5 and GPR proteins regulates G protein signaling and spindle function in C elegans.

The Caenorhabditis elegans coiled-coil protein LIN-5 mediates several processes in cell division that depend on spindle forces, including alignment and segregation of chromosomes and positioning of the spindle. Here, we describe two closely related proteins, GPR-1 and GPR-2 (G protein regulator), which associate with LIN-5 in vivo and in vitro and depend on LIN-5 for localization to the spindle and cell cortex. GPR-1/GPR-2 contain a GoLoco/GPR motif that mediates interaction with GDP-bound Galpha(i/o).