KHSRP ameliorates acute liver failure by regulating pre-mRNA splicing through its interaction with SF3B1.

Acute liver failure (ALF) is characterized by the rapidly progressive deterioration of hepatic function, which, without effective medical intervention, results in high mortality and morbidity. Here, using proteomic and transcriptomic analyses in murine ALF models, we found that the expression of multiple splicing factors was downregulated in ALF. Notably, we found that KH-type splicing regulatory protein (KHSRP) has a protective effect in ALF.

Infection with (Cobbold, 1875) Metacercariae in Fish from the East Lake of Wuhan: Freshwater Fish in Urban Lakes May Act as Infection Sources of Liver Fluke.

The liver fluke disease caused by is one of the most serious food-borne parasitic diseases in China. Many freshwater fish and shrimps can be infected with metacercariae as the second intermediate hosts in endemic regions. Owing to the lack of infected humans and the good administration of pet dogs and cats in cities of non-endemic regions, few fish are expected to be infected with metacercariae in urban lakes.

Investigation of the Degradation Mechanism of SiC MOSFET Subjected to Multiple Stresses.

The performance requirements for power devices in airborne equipment are increasingly demanding, while environmental and working stresses are becoming more diverse. The degradation mechanisms of devices subjected to multiple stresses become more complex. Most proposed degradation mechanisms and models in current research only consider a single stress, making it difficult to describe the correlation between multiple stresses and the correlation of failures.

Histone demethylases in the regulation of immunity and inflammation.

Pathogens or danger signals trigger the immune response. Moderate immune response activation removes pathogens and avoids excessive inflammation and tissue damage. Histone demethylases (KDMs) regulate gene expression and play essential roles in numerous physiological processes by removing methyl groups from lysine residues on target proteins.

Inhibition of alternative oxidase disrupts the development and oviposition of Biomphalaria glabrata snails.

Background: Biomphalaria glabrata is one of the main intermediate hosts of Schistosoma mansoni, the most widespread species of Schistosoma. Our previous studies proved that alternative oxidase (AOX), the terminal oxidase in the mitochondrial respiratory chain, widely exists in several species of intermediate host snails of Schistosoma. Meanwhile, inhibition of AOX activity in Oncomelania hupensis snails could dramatically enhance the molluscicidal effect of niclosamide.

miR-182-5p attenuates -induced hepatic fibrosis by targeting tristetraprolin.

Egg granuloma formation in the liver is the main pathological lesion caused by infection, which generally results in liver fibrosis and may lead to death in advanced patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate the process of liver fibrosis, but the putative function of miRNAs in liver fibrosis induced by . infection is largely unclear.

The identification of alternative oxidase in intermediate host snails of Schistosoma and its potential role in protecting Oncomelania hupensis against niclosamide-induced stress.

Background: Snail intermediate hosts are mandatory for the transmission of schistosomiasis, which has to date infected more than 200 million people worldwide. Our previous studies showed that niclosamide treatment caused the inhibition of aerobic respiration and oxidative phosphorylation, and the disruption of energy supply, in one of the intermediate hosts of schistosomiasis, Oncomelania hupensis, which eventually led to the death of the snails. Meanwhile, the terminal oxidase in the mitochondrial respiratory chain, alternative oxidase (AOX), was significantly up-regulated, which was thought to counterbalance the oxidative stress and maintain metabolic homeostasis in the snails.

Comprehensive analyses of prognostic biomarkers and immune infiltrates among histone lysine demethylases (KDMs) in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Histone lysine demethylases (KDMs) are closely related to the occurrence and development of different tumors through epigenetic mechanisms. However, the prognosis and immune infiltration of KDMs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain undefined.

Methods: In the current study, we analyzed the expression of KDMs on HCC patients using the Oncomine, GEPIA, UALCAN, Kaplan-Meier Plotter, cBioPortal, GeneMANIA, STRING, Metascape, GSEA, and TIMER databases.

TTP protects against acute liver failure by regulating CCL2 and CCL5 through m6A RNA methylation.

Tristetraprolin (TTP), an important immunosuppressive protein regulating mRNA decay through recognition of the AU-rich elements (AREs) within the 3'-UTRs of mRNAs, participates in the pathogenesis of liver diseases. However, whether TTP regulates mRNA stability through other mechanisms remains poorly understood. Here, we report that TTP was upregulated in acute liver failure (ALF), resulting in decreased mRNA stabilities of CCL2 and CCL5 through promotion of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) mRNA methylation.

ACE2 and Innate Immunity in the Regulation of SARS-CoV-2-Induced Acute Lung Injury: A Review.

Despite the protracted battle against coronavirus acute respiratory infection (COVID-19) and the rapid evolution of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), no specific and effective drugs have to date been reported. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a zinc metalloproteinase and a critical modulator of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). In addition, ACE2 has anti-inflammatory and antifibrosis functions.

Comparative characterization of microRNAs of Schistosoma japonicum from SCID mice and BALB/c mice: Clues to the regulation of parasite growth and development.

Schistosomiasis, caused by a parasite with a wide range of mammalian hosts, remains one of the most prevailing parasitic diseases in the world. While numerous studies have reported that the growth and reproduction of schistosomes in immunodeficient mice was significantly retarded, the underlying molecular mechanisms have yet to be revealed. In this study, we comparatively analyzed the microRNA expression of Schistosoma japonicum derived from SCID and BALB/c mice on the 35 day post-infection by high-throughput RNA sequencing as prominent morphological abnormalities had been observed in schistosomes from SCID mice when compared with those from BALB/c mice.

Morphology and activities of cell populations of haemocytes in Oncomelania hupensis following Schistosoma japonicum infection.

Oncomelania hupensis is the only obligatory intermediate host of Schistosoma japonicum, the pathogen of zoonosis schistosomiasis. Haemocytes play a critical role in the cellular immune defence of O. hupensis against S.

Mechanism by which the combination of SjCL3 and SjGAPDH protects against Schistosoma japonicum infection.

A vaccine is an important method to control schistosomiasis. Molecules related to lung-stage schistosomulum are considered potential vaccine candidates. We previously showed that glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and cathepsin L3 (CL3) displayed differential expression in the lung-stage schistosomula of Schistosoma japonicum cocultured with host cells.

The genetic variation of different developmental stages of Schistosoma japonicum: do the distribution in snails and pairing preference benefit the transmission?

Background: Schistosoma japonicum is a waterborne parasite that causes schistosomiasis in humans and in more than 40 animal species. Schistosoma japonicum shows distinct genetic differentiation among geographical populations and multiple hosts, but the genetic diversity of different developmental stages of S. japonicum from is less studied.

Prohibitin 1 (PHB1) controls growth and development and regulates proliferation and apoptosis in Schistosoma japonicum.

Schistosomiasis is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by the trematode blood flukes of the genus Schistosoma. The prodigious egg output of females is the main cause of the disease in definitive hosts, while the female worm relies on continuous pairing with the male worm to fuel the growth and maturation of the reproductive organs and egg production. Prohibitin, which contains the functionally interdependent PHB1 and PHB2 subunits in human and some other species, has been proposed to participate in the cell proliferation and apoptosis regulation in mammals.

Improvement of Neural-Network Classifiers Using Fuzzy Floating Centroids.

In this article, a fuzzy floating centroids method (FFCM) is proposed, which uses a fuzzy strategy and the concept of floating centroids to enhance the performance of the neural-network classifier. The decision boundaries in the traditional floating centroids neural-network (FCM) classifier are "hard." These hard boundaries force a point, such as noisy or boundary point, to be assigned to a class exclusively, thereby frequently resulting in misclassification and influencing the performance of optimization methods to train the neural network.

Comparative Transcriptome Analyses of Derived From SCID Mice and BALB/c Mice: Clues to the Abnormality in Parasite Growth and Development.

Schistosomiasis, caused by the parasitic flatworms called schistosomes, remains one of the most prevailing parasitic diseases in the world. The prodigious oviposition of female worms after maturity is the main driver of pathology due to infection, yet our understanding about the regulation of development and reproduction of schistosomes is limited. Here, we comparatively profiled the transcriptome of recovered from SCID and BALB/c mice, which were collected 35 days post-infection, when prominent morphological abnormalities could be observed in schistosomes from SCID mice, by performing RNA-seq analysis.

Characteristics and function of cathepsin L3 from Schistosoma japonicum.

Schistosomiasis is still prevalent and seriously endangering the health of people and livestock in many countries. There have been great efforts to develop vaccines against schistosomiasis for prolonged protection in epidemic areas. Molecules from lung-stage schistosomula have been regarded as potential vaccine candidates against schistosomiasis.

Upregulation of KSRP by miR-27b attenuates schistosomiasis-induced hepatic fibrosis by targeting TGF-β1.

Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are the main effectors for various types of hepatic fibrosis, including Schistosome-induced hepatic fibrosis. Multiple inflammatory cytokines/chemokines, such as transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), activate HSCs, and contribute to the development of hepatic fibrosis. MicroRNAs regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level and are involved in regulation of inflammatory cytokine/chemokine synthesis.

Comparative serum metabolomics between SCID mice and BALB/c mice with or without Schistosoma japonicum infection: Clues to the abnormal growth and development of schistosome in SCID mice.

The small blood flukes of genus Schistosoma, which cause one of the most prevalent and serious parasitic zoonosis schistosomiasis, are dependent on immune-related factors of their mammalian host to facilitate their growth and development, and the formation of granulomatous pathology caused by eggs deposited in host's liver and intestinal wall. Schistosome development is hampered in the mice lacking just T cells, and is even more heavily retarded in the severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice lacking both T and B lymphocytes. Nevertheless, it's still not clear about the underlying regulatory molecular mechanisms of schistosome growth and development by host's immune system.

Protein extract from head-foot tissue of Oncomelania hupensis promotes the growth and development of mother sporocysts of Schistosoma japonicum via upregulation of parasite aldolase gene.

Previous studies showed that protein extract from head-foot tissue of Oncomelania hupensis (O. hupensis) (PhfO), when cocultured with mother sporocysts of Schistosoma japonicum (S. japonicum), was beneficial for parasite's growth and development but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Comparative Metabonomic Investigations of From SCID Mice and BALB/c Mice: Clues to Developmental Abnormality of Schistosome in the Immunodeficient Host.

The growth and development of schistosome has been affected in the immunodeficient hosts. But it remains unresolved about the molecular mechanisms involved in the development and reproduction regulation of schistosomes. This study tested and compared the metabolic profiles of the male and female worms collected from SCID mice and BALB/c mice at 5 weeks post infection using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) platform, in which the worms from SCID mice were the investigated organisms and the worms from BALB/c mice were used as the controls.

[Investigation on intestinal nematode infections and their risk factors in Shanpo Sub-district, Jiangxia District, Wuhan City].

Objective: To investigate the infection status of intestinal nematodes and their risk factors in rural residents of Jiangxia District, Wuhan City, so as to provide the reference for the establishment of targeted prevention and control measures.

Methods: According to the requirements of cross-sectional study of the national human key parasitic diseases, the residents in Shanpo Sub-district, Jiangxia District were randomly selected as the objects for the investigation of the infection status of , hookworm and . A questionnaire survey was performed simultaneously.

Sorafenib and praziquantel synergistically attenuate Schistosoma japonicum-induced liver fibrosis in mice.

Liver fibrosis is an important process that occurs in most types of chronic liver diseases and often results in the end stage of liver diseases, such as cirrhosis, portal hypertension, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Sorafenib, a multiple tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has been shown to inhibit liver fibrosis in multiple experimental fibrosis mouse and rat models. The aim of this study was to test the therapeutic effect of sorafenib on liver fibrosis induced by infection with a parasite, Schistosoma japonicum, in mice.

[Enzymology of snails under treatment of molluscicides].

Studies on the enzymology of snails are important in the study of molluscicidal mechanism. The alteration of activities of enzymes after molluscicidal treatment was reported in large numbers of papers. This paper reviews the progress of studies on the enzymology of snails under the treatment of molluscicides.