ML385 promotes ferroptosis and radiotherapy sensitivity by inhibiting the NRF2-SLC7A11 pathway in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Radiotherapy is important in treating esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) comprehensively. Resistance to radiotherapy is a prominent factor contributing to treatment failure in patients with ESCC. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of ML385, an inhibitor of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), on the radiosensitivity of ESCC and elucidate its underlying mechanism.

Identification of key genes and long non‑coding RNA expression profiles in osteoporosis with rheumatoid arthritis based on bioinformatics analysis.

Background: Although rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic tissue disease often accompanied by osteoporosis (OP), the molecular mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the pathogenesis of RA and OP by identifying differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) using a bioinformatics approach.

Methods: Expression profiles of individuals diagnosed with OP and RA were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus database.

A glycosylation-related signature predicts survival in pancreatic cancer.

Background: Tumor initiation and progression are closely associated with glycosylation. However, glycosylated molecules have not been the subject of extensive studies as prognostic markers for pancreatic cancer. The objectives of this study were to identify glycosylation-related genes in pancreatic cancer and use them to construct reliable prognostic models.

Discovery of a polysaccharide from the fruiting bodies of Lepista sordida as potent inhibitors of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) in HepG2 cells via blocking of STAT1-mediated JAK-PKC-δ signaling pathways.

The present study examined the role of a polysaccharide (LSP, 25 and 100 μg/ml) from the fruiting bodies of Lepista sordid on the immunosuppressive enzyme indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) in HepG2 cells, and the possible mechanism of action. IDO expression and kynurenine production from LSP-treated HepG2 cells following IFN-γ stimulation were dramatically inhibited by LSP treatment. In line with this, the medium of HepG2 cells pretreated with LSP improved the survival rate of primary CD4+ and CD8+ T cells as compared with IFN-γ-treated control cells.

The anti-tumor effect of pachymic acid on osteosarcoma cells by inducing PTEN and Caspase 3/7-dependent apoptosis.

Pachymic acid (PA) is a lanostane type triterpenoid isolated from Poria cocos, which possesses an anti-tumor effect in breast cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer, and bladder cancer cells. In this study, we investigated the effect of PA on the growth and apoptosis of human immortalized cell line (HOS) and primary osteosarcoma cells by a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and Annexin V and propidium iodide (PI) staining, respectively. Western blot was used to measure the expression of cleaved Caspase 3, PTEN, and AKT, as well as the AKT phosphorylation.