Unraveling Anionic Redox for Sodium Layered Oxide Cathodes: Breakthroughs and Perspectives.

Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) as the next generation of sustainable energy technologies have received widespread investigations for large-scale energy storage systems (EESs) and smart grids due to the huge natural abundance and low cost of sodium. Although the great efforts are made in exploring layered transition metal oxide cathode for SIBs, their performances have reached the bottleneck for further practical application. Nowadays, anionic redox in layered transition metal oxides has emerged as a new paradigm to increase the energy density of rechargeable batteries.

Hyperaccumulation Route to Ca-Rich Hard Carbon Materials with Cation Self-Incorporation and Interlayer Spacing Optimization for High-Performance Sodium-Ion Batteries.

The hard carbon (HC) has been emerging as one of the most promising anode materials for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). Incorporation of cations into the HC lattice proved to be effective to regulate their -interlayer spacing with a modified SIB performance. However, the complexity and high cost of current synthetic processes limited its large-scale application in SIBs.

Chinese college freshmen's mental health problems and their subsequent help-seeking behaviors: A cohort design (2005-2011).

Based on cohort data obtained from 13,085 college freshmen's (2005 to 2011) SCL-90 (the Symptom Check-List-90) reports and their subsequent 4-year psychological counseling help-seeking records, this study examined the association between college students' mental health problems and help-seeking behaviors across four college years. Female students' mental health problems and help-seeking behaviors increased from the 2005 to the 2011 cohorts and no changes emerged for male students across cohorts. Overall, male students reported higher levels of mental health problems than did female students in the first college year, whereas female students reported more help-seeking behaviors than did male students in the following four college years.

Flow-injection analysis of two fluoquinolones by the sensitizing effect of terbium(III) on chemiluminescence of the potassium permanganate-sodium sulfite system.

A simple, rapid and sensitive method for the determination of two fluoquinolones (FQs), enoxacin (ENX) and ofloxacin (OFLX) is described by using flow injection analysis with potassium permanganate-sodium sulfite chemiluminescence detection. The calibration graphs for ENX and OFLX are linear in the range of 8.0x10(-10)-1.

Capillary electrophoresis-chemiluminescence determination of norfloxacin and prulifloxacin.

A capillary electrophoresis (CE)-chemiluminescence (CL) method for determining norfloxacin (NFLX) and prulifloxacin (PFLX) was developed based on the enhanced CL intensity of the cerium(IV)-sulfite-fluoroquinolone (FQ) reaction sensitized by terbium(III). The separation was conducted in buffer composed of 20 mM sodium citrate, 4 mM citric acid and 10 mM sodium sulfite at pH 6.1.

Flow-injection chemiluminescence determination of ofloxacin using the Ru(bpy)2(CIP)2+-Ce(IV) system and its application.

This paper reports a flow-injection chemiluminescence method for the determination of ofloxacin (OFLX) using the Ru(bpy)2(CIP)2+-Ce(IV) system. Under the optimum conditions, the relative CL intensity was proportional to the concentration of OFLX in the range 3.0 x 10(-8)-1.

[Nanosilver sensitized fluorescence and second-order scattering of Tb (III)-norfloxacin and its application].

Norfloxacin (NFLX) can form complex with Tb(III) ion, and the intramolecular energy transfer from NFLX to Tb (III) takes place when excited. And thus the characteristic fluorescence of Tb (III) ion is enhanced and the maximum fluorescence peak locates at 545 nm. The second-order scattering (SOS) peak at 545 nm also appears for the Tb (III)-NFLX complex with the excitation wavelength of 272 rnm.

Determination of ulifloxacin by terbium-sensitized fluorescence with second-order scattering and its applications.

This paper reports the determination of ulifloxacin (UFX) by terbium-sensitized fluorescence using a second-order scattering method. UFX and Tb(III) ion form a fluorescence complex in aqueous solution, and its maximum excitation and emission wavelengths are located at 273 and 545 nm, respectively. In optimum conditions, the relative intensity at 545 nm has a linear relationship to the concentration of UFX in the range of 2.

Protein analysis with terbium (III) and sodium dodecyl sulphonate by a second-order scattering technique.

This is the first report of terbium(III) as a probe of second-order scattering (SOS) for the determination of proteins in human serum at nanogram levels. A sensitive method has been developed using light scattering, based on the fact that the weak SOS of proteins can be enhanced in the presence of terbium(III) and sodium dodecyl sulphonate (SDS). With this method, 7.

Chiral separation of four fluoroquinolone compounds using capillary electrophoresis with hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin as chiral selector.

A capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) investigation on the enantiomeric separation of lomefloxacin, gatifloxacin, pazufloxacin and ofloxacin was undertaken. Resolution of the enantiomers was achieved using hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HP-beta-CD) as the chiral selector. Parameters influencing separation include cyclodextrin concentration, separational potential, pH and organic additive are discussed.

Nucleic acids analysis with nano-Ag-Tb(III) by a resonance light scattering technique.

The nano-Ag-terbium(III)-mucleic acids system was observed by a resonance light scattering (RLS) technique for the first time, and the quantitative analysis of nucleic acids at nanogram levels was established. Studies showed that the RLS intensity of the nano-Ag-terbium(III) system can be obviously enhanced by nucleic acid, which was characterized by the RLS spectrum and the UV-Vis spectrum. In this system, the nanoparticles were only of a definite size and in a limited particle concentration region.

Flow-injection with enhanced chemiluminescence detection of ofloxacin in human plasma.

A simple, rapid and sensitive method for the determination of ofloxacin in plasma has been developed based on flow-injection analysis with enhanced chemiluminescence (CL) detection. This method employs the CL reaction of cerium(IV) and sulphite sensitized by a Tb(III)-ofloxacin complex. Plasma samples were deproteinized with acetonitrile before analysis.

The second-order scattering study of the Tb(III)-RNA and determination of RNA.

The second-order scattering technique (SOS), using a common spectrofluorometer, was first developed as a sensitive instrumental analysis method for determination of the ribonucleic acid (RNA). The results indicate that RNA had a weak SOS peak and the Tb(III) ion can greatly enhance the SOS intensity of RNA with the maximum peak located at 612.0 nm.

Electrochemiluminescence of terbium (III)-two fluoroquinolones-sodium sulfite system in aqueous solution.

The electrochemiluminescence (ECL) of Tb3+-enoxacin-Na2SO3 system (ENX system) and Tb3+-ofloxacin-Na2SO3 system (OFLX system) in aqueous solution is reported. ECL is generated by the oxidation of Na2SO3, which is enhanced by Tb3+-fluoroquinolone (FQ) complex. The ECL intensity peak versus potential corresponds to oxidation of Na2SO3, and the ECL emission spectra (the peaks are at 490, 545, 585 and 620 nm) match the characteristic emission spectrum of Tb3+, indicating that the emission is from the excited state of Tb3+.

Determination of norfloxacin using a terbium-sensitized electrogenerated chemiluminescence method.

A simple electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) analysis method for the determination of norfloxacin (NFLX) is reported. It is based on ECL produced by Na(2)SO(3), which is sensitized by the Tb-NFLX complex. The relative ECL intensity of the Tb(3+)-NFLX-Na(2)SO(3) system is proportional to the amount of NFLX.

Terbium sensitized determination of tosufloxacin using electrochemiluminescence method.

A novel method for determination of trace amounts of tosufloxacin (TFLX) based on electrochemiluminescence (ECL) has been developed. The calibration graphs for TFLX were linear in the range of 5.0 x 10(-11)-3.

[A study on europium sensitized chemiluminescence of pipemidic acid].

A flow injection chemiluminescence method for the determination of Pipemidic acid (PPA) was developed. It is based on luminescence produced with KMnO4-Na2S2O4 CL system sensitized by Eu3+-PPA. The familar excipients such as starch and dextrine do not cause interference.

Terbium-sensitized fluorescence method for the determination of pazufloxacin mesilate and its application.

A simple, rapid and highly sensitive fluorometric method for the determination of pazufloxacin mesilate (PZFX) is described. It is based on the formation of the complex [Tb(PZFX)2](3+), which shows the intensive characteristic bands of Tb3+. Optimum conditions for the determination were investigated.

Flow-injection chemiluminescence study of Ce(IV)-Na2SO3-Tb(III)-fluoquinolone antibiotic system with DNA.

A novel flow injection chemiluminescence (CL) system is developed to determine DNA. According to the fact that DNA linearly quenches the CL intensity of Ce(IV)-Na(2)SO(3)-Tb(III)-fluoquinolone antibiotic (FLUQ) system, DNA concentration is determined. The calibration graphs are linear in the range of 0.

Determination of lomefloxacin by terbium sensitized chemiluminescence method.

A simple, rapid and sensitive chemiluminescence (CL) method was proposed for the determination of lomefloxacin (LFX). This method is based on the fact that the weak CL from the redox reaction of Ce(4+)-Na(2)SO(3) can be greatly enhanced by the complex of Tb(3+)-LFX. The CL intensity is directly proportional to the concentration of LFX in the range 2.

Fleroxacin hydrochloride hydrate.

In the structure of the title compound, 4-[3-carboxy-6,8-difluoro-1-(2-fluoroethyl)-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-7-quinolyl]-1-methylpiperazinium chloride hydrate, C(17)H(19)F(3)N(3)O(3)(+).Cl(-).H(2)O, the quinoline and its substituents, except for the fluoroethyl group, are coplanar, while the piperazinium moiety exists in a chair form.