Hollow Calcium/Copper Bimetallic Amplifier for Cuproptosis/Paraptosis/Apoptosis Cancer Therapy via Cascade Reinforcement of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction.

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria are essential organelles that play crucial roles in maintaining cellular homeostasis. The simultaneous induction of ER stress and mitochondrial dysfunction represents a promising yet challenging strategy for cancer treatment. Herein, a hollow calcium-copper bimetallic nanoplatform is developed as a cascade amplifier to reinforce ER stress and mitochondrial dysfunction for breast cancer treatment.

HER2 advanced gastric cancer: Current state and opportunities (Review).

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) gastric cancer (GC) is a distinct subtype of GC, accounting for 10‑20% of all cases of GC. Although the development of the anti‑HER2 monoclonal antibody trastuzumab has markedly improved response rates and prognosis of patients with HER2 advanced GC (AGC), drug resistance remains a considerable challenge. Therefore, dynamic monitoring of HER2 expression levels can facilitate the identification of patients who may benefit from targeted therapy.

Divergent effects of intensified precipitation on primary production in global drylands.

Amplification of hydrological cycle under warming climate is anticipated to result in intensified precipitation characterized by fewer, more intense events and correspondingly longer dry intervals between events, even without major changes in annual total precipitation. Vegetation gross primary production (GPP) in drylands is highly responsive to intensified precipitation, however, how intensified precipitation influences GPP in global drylands is not well understood. Based on multiple satellite datasets from 2001 to 2020 and in-situ measurements, we investigated the effects of intensified precipitation on global drylands GPP under diverse annual total precipitation along the bioclimate gradient.

Efficacy of regorafenib combined with PD-1 inhibitors in elderly patients with advanced metastatic colorectal cancer.

Objective: This is the first clinical study that wants to investigate the treatment patterns, clinical outcomes, and prognostic factors of regorafenib plus PD-1 inhibitors therapy in Chinese elderly patients with advanced colorectal cancer.

Methods: A cohort of metastatic colorectal cancer patients 60 years or older who received treatment with regorafenib combined with PD-1 inhibitors was included in our analysis. The endpoints included overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and prognostic factors.

Overview on the Role of E-Cadherin in Gastric Cancer: Dysregulation and Clinical Implications.

Gastric cancer is the fifth most common cancer and the third most common cause of cancer death all over the world. E-cadherin encoded by human gene plays important roles in tumorigenesis as well as in tumor progression, invasion and metastasis. Full-length E-cadhrin tethered on the cell membrane mainly mediates adherens junctions between cells and is involved in maintaining the normal structure of epithelial tissues.

Knockdown of Kremen2 Inhibits Tumor Growth and Migration in Gastric Cancer.

Kremen2 (Krm2) plays an important role in embryonic development, bone formation, and tumorigenesis as a crucial regulator of classical Wnt/-catenin signaling pathway. However, the role of Krm2 in gastric cancer is not clear. The aim of this study was to explore the regulatory role of Krm2 in the tumorigenesis and metastasis of gastric cancer.

Seasonal and interannual variations in carbon fluxes in East Asia semi-arid grasslands.

Semiarid regions have substantial interannual variation in carbon exchange between terrestrial ecosystem and atmosphere but the diverse responses of carbon fluxes to climate variability are poorly known. We compared carbon exchange processes and the responses to environmental factors in a meadow steppe at Tongyu (TY) and a typical steppe at Maodeng (MD) using long-term continuous eddy covariance measurements. TY precipitation was 25% greater than MD.

Hydrogen sulfide improves diabetic wound healing in ob/ob mice via attenuating inflammation.

Background: The proposed mechanisms of impaired wound healing in diabetes involve sustained inflammation, excess oxidative stress and compromised agiogenesis. Hydrogen sulfide (HS) has been reported to have multiple biological activities. We aim to investigate the role of HS in impaired wound healing in ob/ob mice and explore the possible mechanisms involved.

GLP-1/GLP-1R Signaling in Regulation of Adipocyte Differentiation and Lipogenesis.

Background/aims: The aim of this study was to determine the direct role of liraglutide (LG) in adipogenesis and lipid metabolism.

Methods: Lipid accumulation was evaluated by oil red O staining, quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) was performed to determine glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R), fatty acid synthase (FASN) and adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) expression in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, differentiated adipocytes and in adipose tissues from mice. The effects of LG on 3T3-L1 adipogenesis and lipid metabolism were analyzed with qPCR, Western Blotting, oil red O staining, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunofluorescence (IF).

Cytochrome P450 (CYP) epoxygenases as potential targets in the management of impaired diabetic wound healing.

Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are the epoxidation products of arachidonic acid catalyzed by cytochrome P450 (CYP) epoxygenases, which possess multiple biological activities. In the present study, we aimed to explore the role and effects of CYP epoxygenases/EETs in wound healing in ob/ob mice. Full-thickness skin dorsal wounds were made on ob/ob mice and C57BL/6 control mice.

Effects of hydrogen sulfide on high glucose-induced glomerular podocyte injury in mice.

The aim of this study was to assess the effects of hydrogen sulfide on high glucose-induced mouse podocyte (MPC) injury and the underlying mechanisms. Mouse podocytes were randomly divided into 4 groups, including high glucose (HG), normal glucose (NG), normal glucose + DL-propargylglycine (PPG), and high glucose + NaHS (HG + NaHS) groups for treatment. Then, ZO-2, nephrin, β-catenin, and cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) protein expression levels were determined by western blot.