Custom-Design of Strong Electron/Proton Extractor on COFs for Efficient Photocatalytic HO Production.

The development of photocatalysts with continuous electron extraction and rapid proton transfer could kinetically accelerate the artificial photosynthesis, but remains a challenge. Herein, we report the topology-guided synthesis of a high-crystalline triazine covalent organic framework (COF) decorated by uniformly distributed polar oxygen functional groups (sulfonic group or carboxyl) as the strong electron/proton extractor for efficient photocatalytic HO production. It was found that the polarity-based proton transfer as well as electron enrichment in as-obtained COFs played a crucial role in improving the HO photosynthesis efficiency (i.

Lung Cancer Patients' and Caregivers' Satisfaction With Multidisciplinary Versus Serial Care in a Community Healthcare Setting: A Prospective Comparative-Effectiveness Cohort Study.

Background: Multidisciplinary Care is recommended for complex oncologic conditions. We compared lung cancer patients' and caregivers' satisfaction with Multidisciplinary Care to routine, serial care.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed validated surveys administered at baseline, 3 and 6 months to patients and their caregivers enrolled in a prospective cohort comparative-effectiveness study of Multidisciplinary versus Serial Care (clinicaltrials.

Exploring the pH Sensitivity of Ion-Pair Interactions on a Self-Assembled Monolayer by Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy.

Insights into the chemical essence of weak interactions on the surface of biomacromolecules may help to regulate biological processes. In this work, the pH sensitivity of ion-pair interactions occurring on a cysteine self-assembled monolayer (Cys SAM) that simulates the local surface of a protein was probed by scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM). Cys SAM and the ion-pair interactions subsequently formed with the introduced aspartic acid (Asp) were both pH-sensitive, as confirmed by the tip current changes in the feedback mode.

Reborn Three-Dimensional Graphene with Ultrahigh Volumetric Desalination Capacity.

The constructing of 3D materials with optimal performance is urgently needed to meet the growing demand of advanced materials in the high-tech sector. A distinctive 3D graphene (3DG) is designed based on a repeated rebirth strategy to obtain a better body and performance after each round of rebirth, as if it is Phoenix Nirvana. The properties of reborn graphene, namely 3DG after Nirvana (NvG), has been dramatically upgraded compared to 3DG, including high density (3.

Radiation Without Endocrine Therapy in Older Women With Stage I Estrogen-Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer is Not Associated With a Higher Risk of Second Breast Cancer Events.

Purpose: The omission of radiation therapy (RT) in older women with stage 1 estrogen-receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer receiving endocrine therapy (ET) is an acceptable strategy based on randomized trial data. Less is known about the omission of ET with or without RT.

Methods And Materials: We analyzed surveillance, epidemiology, and end results (SEER)-Medicare data for 13,321 women age 66 years or older with stage I ER+ breast cancer from 2007 to 2012 who underwent breast-conserving surgery.

Controllable release of dopamine from simulated enzyme-containing biomembrane by biased potential.

Controllable release of dopamine (DA) is worth studying for its significant in physiological metabolic process. β-cyclodextrin/11-mercaptoundecanoic acid self-assembled monolayer (β-CD/MUA SAM) based on hydrogen bonds network was constructed as simulated enzyme-containing biomembrane. DA interacted with β-CD based on intermolecular hydrogen bond and formed inclusion complexes in SAM, namely DA@β-CD/MUA SAM.

Frontiers of carbon materials as capacitive deionization electrodes.

Capacitive deionization (CDI), which is based on ion electrosorption on the surface of electrically charged electrodes, has attracted widespread attention as a novel, cost-effective and environment-friendly desalination technology. Carbon materials are widely used as CDI electrodes due to their high specific surface area (SSA), superior conductivity, and better stability. Many research efforts have been made to further enhance the CDI performance of carbon materials.

Association of Diabetes and Other Clinical and Sociodemographic Factors With Guideline-concordant Breast Cancer Treatment for Breast Cancer.

Background: Women with breast cancer have worse health outcomes with co-occurring type 2 diabetes, possibly due to suboptimal breast cancer treatment.

Methods: We created a cohort of women ages 66 to 85 y with stage I to III breast cancer from 1993 to 2012 from an integrated health care delivery system (n=1612) and fee-for-service Medicare beneficiaries (n=98,915), linked to Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data (total n=100,527). We evaluated associations between type 2 diabetes and other factors with undergoing guideline-concordant cancer treatment.

Probing a Reversible Cationic Switch on a Mixed Self-Assembled Monolayer Using Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy.

Probing a switch on biomimic membrane surfaces would offer some references to the research on permeability of cytomembranes. In this work, a mixed 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid/1-undecanethiol self-assembled monolayer (MUA/UT SAM) was constructed as a model of a biomembrane. In this mixed SAM, the MUA molecules work as functional parts for the switch and the UT molecules work as diluents.

Diabetes and differences in detection of incident invasive breast cancer.

Many women diagnosed with breast cancer have chronic conditions such as diabetes that may impact other health behaviors. Our purpose was to determine if breast cancer screening and detection differs among women with and without diabetes. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of a retrospective cohort of women aged 52-74 years diagnosed with incident stages I-III breast cancer enrolled in an integrated health plan between 1999 and 2014 with linkage to the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results registry (n = 2040).

A Cut-Resistant and Highly Restorable Graphene Foam.

High-pressure resistant and multidirectional compressible materials enable various applications but are often hindered by structure-derived collapse and weak elasticity. Here, a super-robust graphene foam with ladder shape microstructure capable of withstanding high pressure is presented. The multioriented ladder arrays architecture of the foam, consisting of thousands of identically sized square spaces, endow it with a great deal of elastic units.

Versatile Graphene Oxide Putty-Like Material.

Versatile graphene oxide putty-like material (GOP) with excellent processability is developed by mediating a graphene oxide suspension with aniline. Arbitrarily predesigned architectures on both microscopic and macroscopic scales can be molded easily. GOP cannot only be used as starting material for direct 3D printing of particular configurations, but also can be tailored into the patterned structures on various substrates for large-scale production of device arrays.

Spontaneous, Straightforward Fabrication of Partially Reduced Graphene Oxide-Polypyrrole Composite Films for Versatile Actuators.

A facile one-step approach has been developed to fabricate partially reduced graphene oxide-polypyrrole (prGO-PPy) film via self-oxidation-reduction strategy, in which graphene oxide acts as the oxidant to polymerize pyrrole into PPy leading to the spontaneous partial reduction of GO and cross-linking between prGO and PPy via π-π interaction. With the convenient preparation method, a well controlled designed asymmetric actuator based on GO (or G)/prGO-PPy film with excellent humidity and electrochemical responses has been achieved for versatile stimulated actuations that will also play essential roles in advanced actuators for many important intelligent applications.

Thin-film voltammetry and its analytical applications: a review.

Electrochemical reactions at the interfaces of immiscible electrolyte solutions (ITIES) are of fundamental importance in the fields of chemical, biological and pharmaceutical sciences. Four-electrode cell setup, scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) and thin-film voltammetry are the three most frequently used methods for studying the electrochemical processes at these interfaces. The principle, experimental design, advantages and challenges of the three methods are described and compared.

Diffusion of accelerated partial breast radiotherapy in the United States: physician-level and patient-level analyses.

Purpose: To evaluate diffusion of brachytherapy-based accelerated partial breast radiotherapy (RT) in the United States, a new breast cancer treatment requiring 5 days twice daily, rather than daily treatment for 6-7 weeks. It has limited long-term effectiveness data compared with standard whole breast RT.

Data And Methods: We used 2005-2008 Medicare claims for female Medicare beneficiaries receiving RT after breast-conserving surgery merged with physician and area-based data (n=74,254 patient-subjects; n=1901 physicians), applying logistic regression to estimate: (1) proportion of patients for whom the radiation oncologist used brachytherapy-based accelerated RT, and (2) probability a patient received brachytherapy-based accelerated RT, clustering on physician.

The current and ideal state of mental health training: pediatric program director perspectives.

Objective: To assess pediatric residency program director (PD) perceptions of the current state of mental health (MH) training, their receptivity to curricular changes, and perceptions of their residents' knowledge and skills in MH care.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study utilizing a Web-based survey of pediatric residency PDs to assess program characteristics, learning modalities PDs currently had or would implement, and their knowledge of the new American Academy of Pediatrics' MH competencies. PDs then ranked their residents' knowledge and skills for 29 MH competencies.

Antidepressant Medication Management Among Older Patients Receiving Home Health Care.

Objective: Antidepressant management for older patients receiving home health care (HHC) may occur through two pathways: nurse-physician collaboration (without patient visits to the physician) and physician management through office visits. This study examines the relative contribution of the two pathways and how they interplay.

Methods: Retrospective analysis was conducted using Medicare claims of 7,389 depressed patients aged 65 years or older who received HHC in 2006-2007 and who possessed antidepressants at the start of HHC.

Uniquely arranged graphene-on-graphene structure as a binder-free anode for high-performance lithium-ion batteries.

3D graphene interconnected frameworks homogeneously connected with a few-layer graphene film (3DG/FLG) constitute a novel hierarchical hybrid structure for anodes in lithium-ion batteries. The pore-rich 3D graphene network is favorable for Li(+) diffusion and electron transport, and the FLG is a non-metallic current collector that effectively collects/transports charge carriers from/to the 3D graphene network and provides an excellent scaffold to support the 3DG.

Graphene quantum dots-three-dimensional graphene composites for high-performance supercapacitors.

Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have been successfully deposited onto the three-dimensional graphene (3DG) by a benign electrochemical method and the ordered 3DG structure remains intact after the uniform deposition of GQDs. In addition, the capacitive properties of the as-formed GQD-3DG composites are evaluated in symmetrical supercapacitors. It is found that the supercapacitor fabricated from the GQD-3DG composite is highly stable and exhibits a high specific capacitance of 268 F g(-1), representing a more than 90% improvement over that of the supercapacitor made from pure 3DG electrodes (136 F g(-1)).

Generic initiation and antidepressant therapy adherence under Medicare Part D.

Objectives: To assess the effect of initiating antidepressant therapy with a generic prescription on adherence to antidepressant therapy among Medicare patients. A second objective is to assess how the effect might be moderated by the Medicare Part D coverage gap.

Study Design And Methods: Adherence to antidepressant therapy was measured by (a lack of) disruption in medication use defined by a gap of 30 days or more in antidepressant possession and monthly days of possession, both measured over 180 days since antidepressant initiation.

Incidence and significance of intraoperative cerebrospinal fluid leak in endoscopic pituitary surgery using intrathecal fluorescein.

Objective: The true rate of intraoperative cerebrospinal fluid (iCSF) leak during pituitary surgery is not well known because small iCSF leaks are easily missed. Our objective is to determine the rate and significance of iCSF leak in endoscopic pituitary surgery with intrathecal (IT) fluorescein administration and determine factors predictive of iCSF leak.

Methods: IT fluorescein was administered in 203 consecutive endoscopic, endonasal pituitary surgeries.

An all-cotton-derived, arbitrarily foldable, high-rate, electrochemical supercapacitor.

The pure natural cotton provides a low-cost material platform for the facile assembly of all-cotton-derived electrochemical supercapacitors (allC-ECs) with a remarkable character of arbitrary foldability and high response rate, which can be bent, rolled-up, and fully folded without loss of high-rate (<50 ms) capacitive performance.

Bone flap explantation, steroid use, and rates of infection in patients with epilepsy undergoing craniotomy for implantation of subdural electrodes.

Object: Subdural implantation of electrodes is commonly performed to localize an epileptic focus. Whether to temporarily explant the bone plate and whether to treat patients with perioperative steroid agents is unclear. The authors' aim was to evaluate the utility and risk of bone plate explantation and perioperative steroid use.

Graphene quantum dots-carbon nanotube hybrid arrays for supercapacitors.

Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have been successfully deposited onto aligned carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by a benign electrochemical method and the capacitive properties of the as-formed GQD/CNT hybrid arrays were evaluated in symmetrical supercapacitors. It was found that supercapacitors fabricated from GQD/CNT hybrid arrays exhibited a high capacitance of 44 mF cm(-2), representing a more than 200% improvement over that of bare CNT electrodes.

New management strategy for fluid resuscitation: quantifying volume in the first 48 hours after burn injury.

This study evaluated a 24-hour resuscitation protocol, established a formula to quantify resuscitation volume for the second 24 hours, described the relationship between the first and second 24 hours, and identified which patients required high volumes. A protocol for patients with burn >15% TBSA was implemented in 2009. Initial fluid was based on the Parkland calculation and adjusted to meet a goal urine output.