DNA damage by radiation as a function of electron energy and interaction at the atomic level with Monte Carlo simulation.

In radiotherapy, X-ray or heavy ion beams target tumors to cause damage to their cell DNA. This damage is mainly induced by secondary low energy electrons. In this paper, we report the DNA molecular breaks at the atomic level as a function of electron energy and types of electron interactions using of Monte Carlo simulation.

Performance of growth mixture models in the presence of time-varying covariates.

Growth mixture modeling is often used to identify unobserved heterogeneity in populations. Despite the usefulness of growth mixture modeling in practice, little is known about the performance of this data analysis technique in the presence of time-varying covariates. In the present simulation study, we examined the impacts of five design factors: the proportion of the total variance of the outcome explained by the time-varying covariates, the number of time points, the error structure, the sample size, and the mixing ratio.

The impact of total and partial inclusion or exclusion of active and inactive time invariant covariates in growth mixture models.

This article evaluates the impact of partial or total covariate inclusion or exclusion on the class enumeration performance of growth mixture models (GMMs). Study 1 examines the effect of including an inactive covariate when the population model is specified without covariates. Study 2 examines the case in which the population model is specified with 2 covariates influencing only the class membership.

Electron interference in molecular photoionization by attosecond laser pulses.

Molecular photoionization by intense attosecond linearly and circularly polarized X-ray laser pulses is investigated from numerical solutions of time-dependent Schrödinger equations for the one-electron systems H2(+) and H3(++). Both momentum stripes and rings in photoelectron angular distributions are observed. The first with momentum intervals Δp(s)=2 π/R, where R is the molecular internuclear distance, results from interference of the coherent continuum scattering electron wave packets, which is shown to be insensitive to the laser polarization and wavelength.

Molecular characterization of a thioredoxin h gene (HbTRX1) from Hevea brasiliensis showing differential expression in latex between self-rooting juvenile clones and donor clones.

The cDNA code of thioredoxin h, designated as HbTRX1, was isolated from Hevea brasiliensis by rapid amplification of cDNA ends. HbTRX1 contained a 542-bp open reading frame encoding 123 amino acids. The deduced HbTRX1 protein showing high identity to thioredoxin h of other plant species was predicted to possess the conserved catalytic site WCXPC.

Effect of nuclear motion on molecular high-order harmonics and on generation of attosecond pulses in intense laser pulses.

We calculate harmonic spectra and shapes of attosecond-pulse trains using numerical solutions of Non-Born-Oppenheimer time-dependent Shrödinger equation for 1D H2 molecules in an intense laser pulse. A very strong signature of nuclear motion is seen in the time profiles of high-order harmonics. In general the nuclear motion shortens the part of the attosecond-pulse train originating from the first electron contribution, but it may enhance the second electron contribution for longer pulses.

Kazachstania aerobia sp. nov., an ascomycetous yeast species from aerobically deteriorating corn silage.

In an investigation of the yeast biota involved in silage deterioration, a considerable number of strains belonging to Saccharomyces and related genera were isolated from aerobically deteriorating corn silage in Tochigi, Japan. Analysis of sequences of the internal transcribed spacer and the large-subunit rRNA gene D1/D2 domain and electrophoretic karyotyping indicated that two of the strains, NS 14(T) and NS 26, represent a novel species with close phylogenetic relationships to Kazachstania servazzii and Kazachstania unispora. It is proposed that the novel species be named Kazachstania aerobia sp.

Bullera cylindrica sp. nov., Bullera hubeiensis sp. nov. and Bullera nakasei sp. nov., ballistoconidium-forming yeast species from plant leaves.

Among yeasts isolated from plant leaves collected in different regions of China that form whitish or yellowish colonies and symmetrical ballistoconidia, four strains were shown to represent three novel Bullera species by conventional and molecular taxonomic characterization. The novel species are described as Bullera cylindrica sp. nov.

Candida asparagi sp. nov., Candida diospyri sp. nov. and Candida qinlingensis sp. nov., novel anamorphic, ascomycetous yeast species.

Among ascomycetous yeasts that were isolated from several nature reserve areas in China, three anamorphic strains isolated from soil (QL 5-5T) and fruit (QL 21-2T and SN 15-1T) were revealed, by conventional characterization and molecular phylogenetic analysis based on internal transcribed spacer and large subunit (26S) rRNA gene D1/D2 region sequencing, to represent three novel species in the genus Candida. Candida qinlingensis sp. nov.