derived outer membrane vesicles mediated bacterial virulence, antibiotic resistance, host immune responses and clinical applications.

is a gram-negative pathogen that can cause multiple diseases including sepsis, urinary tract infections, and pneumonia. The escalating detections of hypervirulent and antibiotic-resistant isolates are giving rise to growing public concerns. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are spherical vesicles containing bioactive substances including lipopolysaccharides, peptidoglycans, periplasmic and cytoplasmic proteins, and nucleic acids.

Gastroprotective effects of polysaccharides from purple sweet potato ( (L.) Lam) on an ethanol-induced gastric ulcer regulating immunity and activating the PI3K/Akt/Rheb/mTOR pathway.

The study aimed to investigate the alleviation of an ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in mice by apolysaccharide (PSP) from purple sweet potato ( (L.) Lam) and explore the mechanism. The anti-ulcer activity was determined by histopathological evaluation, total gastric acidity, pepsin activity, gastric ulcer index and gastric ulcer inhibition rate.

Clinical characteristics of neonatal and infant osteomyelitis and septic arthritis: a multicenter retrospective study.

Objective: Signs and symptoms of osteomyelitis or septic arthritis in neonates and infants are often nonspecific and early-stage bone infections in infants may often go unnoticed. The objective of this study was to analyze the clinical characteristics of newborns and infants with osteomyelitis and septic arthritis to improve understanding of the disorder and to assist clinicians with diagnosis.

Methods: A retrospective multicenter study was conducted on neonates (0-28 days old, n = 94) and infants (1-12 months old, n = 415) with osteoarticular infections.

Optimization of Extraction Process and Activity of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitory Peptide from Walnut Meal.

In order to further realize the resource reuse of walnut meal after oil extraction, walnut meal was used as raw material to prepare polypeptide, and its angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity was investigated. The ACE inhibitory peptides were prepared from walnut meal protein by alkaline solution and acid precipitation. The hydrolysis degree and ACE inhibition rate were used as indexes to optimize the preparation process by single-factor experiment and response surface method.

Relationship between biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance of and updates on antibiofilm therapeutic strategies.

is a Gram-negative bacterium within the family that can cause multiple systemic infections, such as respiratory, blood, liver abscesses and urinary systems. Antibiotic resistance is a global health threat and warrants special attention due to its resistance to most modern day antibiotics. Biofilm formation is a critical obstruction that enhances the antibiotic resistance of .

The impact of blood lactic acid levels on retinopathy of prematurity morbidity.

Background: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a common disease in premature infants. In recent years, most researchers have used lactic acid as poor prognosis marker in premature infants. This study aims to explore investigate the impact of blood lactic acid levels on ROP.

Function and therapeutic prospects of next-generation probiotic in infectious diseases.

is a gram-negative bacterium that colonizes the human gut, making up 3-5% of the human microbiome. is a promising next-generation probiotic with clinical application prospects. Emerging studies have reported various beneficial effects of including anti-cancer, delaying aging, reducing inflammation, improving immune function, regulating nervous system function, whereas knowledge on its roles and mechanism in infectious disease is currently unclear.

XJB-5-131 protects chondrocytes from ferroptosis to alleviate osteoarthritis progression via restoring Pebp1 expression.

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common age-related musculoskeletal disease. However, there is still a lack of therapy that can modify OA progression due to the complex pathogenic mechanisms. The aim of the study was to explore the role and mechanism of XJB-5-131 inhibiting chondrocytes ferroptosis to alleviate OA progression.

The epidemiology and the pathogen distribution of pediatric dacryocystitis in Chinese population 2017-2022.

Background: Dacryocystitis is a common disease in pediatric ophthalmology. Analysis of basic information, flora distribution, and characteristics of information on drug-resistant bacteria in children with dacryocystitis for 6 years, providing evidence for ophthalmologic infection prevention and clinical management strategies.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted to evaluate the demographics of dacryocystitis in children and microbiological characteristics of secretion cultures, and to analyze the basic information, distribution of pathogenic bacteria, drug resistance, and to plot trendsand distribution pie charts according to the years.

Influence of COVID-19 pandemic on the epidemiology of infections among hospitalized children in Henan, China.

Background: Increasing reports have indicated that non-pharmaceutical interventions to control the COVID-19 pandemic may also have an effect on the prevalence of other pathogens. is an important atypical pathogen prevalent in children with high rates of macrolide resistance. The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of infection in children before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The effect of leucocytosis on retinopathy of prematurity.

Postnatal leukocytosis reflects the general condition of inflammatory. Infection and inflammatory reaction have been proven to affect the occurrence of ROP and other visual dysfunction. Infants with a gestational age of < 28 weeks who were less than three days of age and admitted to the hospital between September 2015 and March 2021 were included in the study.

Clinical characteristics and long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes of leukomalacia in preterm infants and term infants: a cohort study.

Background: Leukomalacia is a serious form of neonatal brain injury that often leads to neurodevelopmental impairment, and studies on neonatal leukomalacia and its long-term outcomes are lacking. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical manifestations, imaging features, and long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants and term infants with leukomalacia.

Methods: Newborns diagnosed with leukomalacia by head magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and who were admitted to intensive care units from January 2015 to June 2020 were enrolled.

Roles of two-component regulatory systems in Klebsiella pneumoniae: Regulation of virulence, antibiotic resistance, and stress responses.

Klebsiella pneumoniae is an opportunistic pathogen belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family, which is the leading cause of nosocomial infections. The emergence of hypervirulent and multi-drug resistant K. pneumoniae is a serious health threat.

[Clinical characteristics and risk factors for early-onset necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants with very/extremely low birth weight].

Objectives: To investigate the clinical characteristics and risk factors for early-onset necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in preterm infants with very/extremely low birth weight (VLBW/ELBW).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical data of 194 VLBW/ELBW preterm infants with NEC who were admitted to Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University from January 2014 to December 2021. These infants were divided into early-onset group (onset in the first two weeks of life; =62) and late-onset group (onset two weeks after birth; =132) based on their onset time.

Structural characterization and induction of tumor cell apoptosis of polysaccharide from purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam).

The carbohydrate is the main ingredient of purple sweet potato. A polysaccharide, named PSP, was separated and purified from purple sweet potato by extraction with hot water, precipitation with ethanol, deproteinization with Sevag reagent and column chromatography with Sephadex G-100. The purity and structure were studied with HPLC, UV-Vis, GC-MS and NMR.

A polysaccharide from Pleurotus citrinopileatus mycelia enhances the immune response in cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed mice via p62/Keap1/Nrf2 signal transduction pathway.

The manuscript aimed to study the immunoregulatory activity and the mechanism of the polysaccharide (CMP) from Pleurotus citrinopileatus mycelia. The mice were divided into normal group, model group, different dosage of CMP (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg, respectively) groups and levamisole hydrochloride treated group. The results showed that, compared with the model group, CMP could significantly improve the auricle swelling rate, half hemolysis value and phagocytic index in mice.