EDF1 accelerates ganglioside GD3 accumulation to boost CD52-mediated CD8 T cell dysfunction in neuroblastoma.

Background: Heterogeneous clinical features and prognosis in neuroblastoma (NB) children are frequently dominated by immune elements. Dysfunction and apoptosis in immune cells result from the exposure to continuous tumor-related antigen stimulation and coinhibitory signals. To date, key factors pointing to the restriction of NB-specific CD8 T cells remain elusive.

Leptin decreases Th17/Treg ratio to facilitate neuroblastoma via inhibiting long-chain fatty acid catabolism in tumor cells.

The exploration of therapeutic targets in neuroblastoma (NB), which needs more attempts, can benefit patients with high-risk NB. Based on metabolomic and transcriptomic data in mediastinal NB tissues, we found that the content of long-chain acylcarnitine (LCAC) was increased and positively associated with leptin expression in advanced NB. Leptin over-expression forced naïve CD4+ T cells to differentiate into Treg cells instead of Th17 cells, which benefited from NB cell proliferation, migration, and drug resistance.

IMM2520, a novel anti-CD47/PD-L1 bispecific antibody for cancer immune therapy.

PD-1/PD-L1 is an important signaling pathway in the adaptive immune system. The CD47/SIRPα signaling pathway is a crucial "do not eat me" signal for innate immunity. This study evaluated the anti-tumor mechanism of IMM2520 and .

Mobocertinib antagonizes multidrug resistance in ABCB1- and ABCG2-overexpressing cancer cells: In vitro and in vivo studies.

Overexpression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, particularly ABCB1 and ABCG2, strongly correlates with multidrug resistance (MDR), rendering cancer chemotherapy ineffective. Exploration and identification of novel inhibitors targeting ABCB1 and ABCG2 are necessary to overcome the related MDR. Mobocertinib is an approved EGFR/HER2 inhibitor for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR exon 20 insertion mutations.

DNA Methylation Participates in Drought Stress Memory and Response to Drought in .

: Drought is currently a global environmental problem, which inhibits plant growth and development and seriously restricts crop yields. Many plants exposed to drought stress can generate stress memory, which provides some advantages for resisting recurrent drought. DNA methylation is a mechanism involved in stress memory formation, and many plants can alter methylation levels to form stress memories; however, it remains unclear whether exhibits drought stress memory, as the epigenetic molecular mechanisms underlying this process have not been described in this species.

Functional exploration and drug prediction on programmed cell death-related biomarkers in lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Our study aims to perform functional exploration and drug prediction of programmed cell death (PCD)-related biomarkers in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).

Methods: UCSC-Xena obtained LUAD-related genes. DESeq2 screened PCD-specific differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and these DEGs were intersected with genes identified by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to pinpoint the key genes.

Development of bioassay platforms for biopharmaceuticals using Jurkat-CAR cells by AICD.

The assessment of bioactivity for therapeutic antibody release assay poses challenges, particularly when targeting immune checkpoints. An in vitro bioassay platform was developed using the chimeric antigen receptor on Jurkat cells (Jurkat-CAR) to analyze antibodies targeting immune checkpoints, such as CD47/SIRPα, VEGF/VEGFR1, PD-1/PD-L1, and CD70/CD27. For CD47/SIRPα, the platform involved a Jurkat-CAR cell line expressing the chimeric SIRPα receptor (CarSIRPα).

Comprehensive genomic profiling of infiltrative follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Background: Infiltrative follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (IFVPTC) exhibits nuclear characteristics typical of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) but demonstrates a follicular growth pattern. The diagnosis of IFVPTC presenting with atypical nuclear features of PTC poses challenges for both preoperative cytopathology and postoperative histopathology. In such cases, molecular markers are needed to serve as diagnostic aids.

Comparative evaluation of two clinical sampling techniques for HPV detection in male genital sites: a randomized controlled study.

Aims: The optimal sampling methods for detecting human papillomavirus (HPV) in male genital sites remain unclear. This study aimed to assess the performance, acceptability, and comfort of two sampling techniques for male genital HPV detection.

Methods And Results: A total of 490 men aged 18-45 were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to undergo either the rub-brush (nail file followed by swab) or brush-only method (swab only) for sampling at external genitalia sites (PGS) and perineum/perianal (PA) sites.

Combining CD38 antibody with CD47 blockade is a promising strategy for treating hematologic malignancies expressing CD38.

Background: CD38 and CD47 are expressed in many hematologic malignancies, including multiple myeloma (MM), B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Here, we evaluated the antitumor activities of CD38/CD47 bispecific antibodies (BsAbs).

Methods: Five suitable anti-CD38 antibodies for co-targeting CD47 and CD38 BsAb were developed using a 2 + 2 "mAb-trap" platform.

The Presence of Small-Size Circulating Tumor Cells Predicts Worse Prognosis in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients.

Context.—: Most patients with non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) are diagnosed at advanced stages. The 5-year survival rate of patients with advanced lung cancer is less than 20%, which makes lung cancer the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide.

Consistency Analysis of Programmed Death Ligand 1 Expression in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Between Pleural Effusion and Matched Primary Lung Cancer Tissues by Immunohistochemical Double Staining.

In clinical practice, programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) detection is prone to nonspecific staining due to the complex cellular composition of pleural effusion smears. In this study, diaminobenzidine (DAB) and 3-amino-9-ethylcarbazole (AEC) immunohistochemistry double staining was performed to investigate PD-L1 expression in tumor cells from malignant pleural effusion (MPE). MPE was considered as a metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer patients; thus, the heterogeneity between metastatic and primary lung cancer was revealed as well.

The SOC1 gene plays an important role in regulating litchi flowering time.

Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) is a valuable subtropical fruit tree with high-quality fruit. However, its economic benefits and sustainable development are restrained by a number of challenges.

MUC15 is an independent prognostic factor that promotes metastases of MYCN non-amplified neuroblastoma.

Neuroblastoma (NB) is a cancer that arises from neural-crest-derived sympathoadrenal lineage. Less is known about the pathogenesis and molecular characteristics of MYCN non-amplified (MYCN-NA) NB. We constructed a signature model targeting mucin family according to RNA sequencing data from GSE49710 dataset, and validated the prognostic performance.

The novel high-affinity humanized antibody IMM40H targets CD70, eliminates tumors via Fc-mediated effector functions, and interrupts CD70/CD27 signaling.

Background: A significant level of CD70 can be detected in various types of tumor tissues and CD27 is expressed on Treg cells, but CD70 expression is low in normal tissues. The interaction between CD70 and CD27 can stimulate the proliferation and survival of cancer cells and increase the level of soluble CD27, which is associated with poor prognosis in patients with lymphoma and certain solid tumors. Thus, it is a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of many major CD70+ cancer indications, including CD70+ lymphoma, RCC, NSCLC, HNSCC and OC.

Sequential liquid-based cytology based on exfoliative cells of 18-gauge core needle groove to improve renal mass core needle biopsy yield: a real-world observational study.

Background: Renal mass biopsy (RMB) has regained clinical interest in recent years due to the pursuit of individualized and precision medicine. Renal mass core needle biopsy (RMCNB) for histopathology (HP), with or without liquid-based cytology (LBC), has been used increasingly in our hospital. This study investigated factors influencing the HP diagnostic yield of RMCNB, and compared the diagnostic rate between HP alone and HP plus LBC.

Heterogeneity of Lipid Metabolism and its Clinical and Immune Correlation in Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Introduction: The role of lipid metabolism in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is not completely researched. Lipid metabolism reprogramming is a characteristic of malignancies and contributes to carcinogenesis and progression. The transcriptome and scRNA- seq data and clinical information were downloaded from the public databases.

Oat β-D-glucan ameliorates type II diabetes through TLR4/PI3K/AKT mediated metabolic axis.

Diabetes is one of the major global public health problems. Our previous results found that oat β-D-glucan exhibited ameliorative effects on diabetic mice, but the underlying mechanism is unclear. The present study indicates that oat β-D-glucan increased glycogen content, decreased glycogen synthase (GS) phosphorylation and increased hepatic glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) phosphorylation for glycogen synthesis via PI3K/AKT/GSK3-mediated GS activation.

Screening of Endometrial Cancer Related to Lynch Syndrome in China by Suction Curettage-Based Cytology and Histology: A Retrospective Study.

Objective: To explore the feasibility of sampling Chinese patients by suction curettage for cytological and histological screening of endometrial cancer related to Lynch syndrome.

Methods: This retrospective study enrolled patients who underwent endometrial biopsy at our hospital between May 2018 and January 2019. Endometrial sampling (cytological and micro-histological specimens) was conducted by suction curettage.

The Pathogenesis of Diabetes.

Diabetes is the most common metabolic disorder, with an extremely serious effect on health systems worldwide. It has become a severe, chronic, non-communicable disease after cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. Currently, 90% of diabetic patients suffer from type 2 diabetes.

PTBP2-Mediated Alternative Splicing of IRF9 Controls Tumor-Associated Monocyte/Macrophage Chemotaxis and Repolarization in Neuroblastoma Progression.

The recurrence and metastasis of children with mediastinal neuroblastoma (NB) are also occurred after surgery, chemotherapy, or radiotherapy. Strategies targeting the tumor microenvironment have been reported to improve survival; however, thorough investigations of monocytes and tumor-associated macrophages (Mϕs) with specialized functions in NB are still lacking. Our data first demonstrated polypyrimidine tract binding protein 2 (PTBP2) as a possible identifier in patients with mediastinal NB screened by proteomic profiling and that PTBP2 predicted good outcomes.

Immunocytochemical detection by a fully automated immunostainer for assisting subclassification of pulmonary tumors on ThinPrep slides in real-life clinical samples: A single-institution experience.

Introduction: This study aims to investigate the feasibility and reliability of ThinPrep slides in detecting the subclassification of lung cancer and develop a process for immunocytochemistry (ICC) with optimized staining steps of an automated immunostainer.

Methods: Cytomorphology and ancillary ICC by automated immunostainer on ThinPrep slides were performed to subclassify 271 cytology cases of pulmonary tumor, which were stained with 2 or more of the following antibodies: p40, p63, thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1), Napsin A, synaptophysin (Syn), and CD56.

Results: The accuracy of cytological subtyping was improved from 67.