[Risk factors for recurrence of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia after treatment with the Chinese Children's Cancer Group ALL-2015 protocol].

Objectives: To investigate the cumulative incidence of recurrence (CIR) in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) after treatment with the Chinese Children's Cancer Group ALL-2015 (CCCG-ALL-2015) protocol and the risk factors for recurrence.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 852 children who were treated with the CCCG-ALL-2015 protocol from January 2015 to December 2019. CIR was calculated, and the risk factors for the recurrence of B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) were analyzed.

Novel therapeutic perspectives for wet age-related macular degeneration: RGD-modified liposomes loaded with 2-deoxy-D-glucose as a promising nanomedicine.

Choroidal neovascularization (CNV), characterized as a prominent feature of wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD), is a primary contributor to visual impairment and severe vision loss globally, while the prevailing treatments are often unsatisfactory. The development of conventional treatment strategies has largely been based on the understanding that the angiogenic switch of endothelial cells is dictated by angiogenic growth factors alone. Even though treatments targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), like Ranibizumab, are widely administered, more than half of the patients still exhibit inadequate or null responses, emphasizing the imperative need for solutions to this problem.

Redundant information model for Fourier ptychographic microscopy.

Fourier ptychographic microscopy (FPM) is a computational optical imaging technique that overcomes the traditional trade-off between resolution and field of view (FOV) by exploiting abundant redundant information in both spatial and frequency domains for high-quality image reconstruction. However, the redundant information in FPM remains ambiguous or abstract, which presents challenges to further enhance imaging capabilities and deepen our understanding of the FPM technique. Inspired by Shannon's information theory and extensive experimental experience in FPM, we defined the specimen complexity and reconstruction algorithm utilization rate and reported a model of redundant information for FPM to predict reconstruction results and guide the optimization of imaging parameters.

An immunotherapeutic artificial vitreous body hydrogel to control choroidal melanoma and preserve vision after vitrectomy.

Choroidal melanoma, a common intraocular malignant tumor, relies on local radiotherapy and enucleation for treatment. However, cancer recurrence and visual impairment remain important challenges. Here, a therapeutic artificial vitreous body (AVB) hydrogel based on tetra-armed poly(ethylene glycol) was developed to control the recurrence of choroidal melanoma and preserve vision after vitrectomy.

Design of Fourier ptychographic illuminator for single full-FOV reconstruction.

Fourier ptychographic microscopy (FPM) is a spatial-temporal-modulation high-throughput imaging technique via a sequential angle-varied LED illumination. Therefore, the illuminator is one of the key components and the design of this illuminator is significant. However, because of the property of spherical wave, partial coherence, and aperture-induced vignetting, the acquired images must be processed in blocks first, and rely on parallel reconstruction via a graphics processing unit (GPU).

Bifunctional MXene-Augmented Retinal Progenitor Cell Transplantation for Retinal Degeneration.

Retinal degeneration, characterized by the progressive loss of retinal neurons, is the leading cause of incurable visual impairment. Retinal progenitor cells (RPCs)-based transplantation can facilitate sight restoration, but the clinical efficacy of this process is compromised by the imprecise neurogenic differentiation of RPCs and undermining function of transplanted cells surrounded by severely oxidative retinal lesions. Here, it is shown that ultrathin niobium carbide (Nb C) MXene enables performance enhancement of RPCs for retinal regeneration.

miR-124-3p regulates the proliferation and differentiation of retinal progenitor cells through SEPT10.

Retinal degenerative diseases such as glaucoma, retinitis pigmentosa, and age-related macular degeneration pose serious threats to human visual health due to lack of effective therapeutic approaches. In recent years, the transplantation of retinal progenitor cells (RPCs) has shown increasing promise in the treatment of these diseases; however, the application of RPC transplantation is limited by both their poor proliferation and their differentiation capabilities. Previous studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNA) act as essential mediators in the fate determination of stem/progenitor cells.

Eyedrop-based macromolecular ophthalmic drug delivery for ocular fundus disease treatment.

Therapeutic antibodies are extensively used to treat fundus diseases by intravitreal injection, as eyedrop formulation has been rather challenging due to the presence of ocular barriers. Here, an innovative penetrating carrier was developed for antibody delivery in eyedrop formulations. We found that fluorocarbon-modified chitosan (FCS) would self-assemble with proteins to form nanocomplexes, which could effectively pass across the complicated ocular structure to reach the posterior eye segments in both mice and rabbits.

Thermodynamic 2D Silicene for Sequential and Multistage Bone Regeneration.

Bone healing is a multistage process involving the recruitment of cells, revascularization, and osteogenic differentiation, all of which are modulated in the temporal sequence to maximize cascade bone regeneration. However, insufficient osteoblast cells, poor blood supply, and limited bone induction at the site of critical-sized bone defect broadly impede bone repair. 2D SiO -silicene@2,2'-,azobis(2-[2-imidazolin-2-yl] propane) (SNSs@AIPH) with inherent thermodynamic property and osteoinductive activity is therefore designed and engineered for sequentially efficient bone repair.

Use of proton pump inhibitors for the risk of gastric cancer.

Background: This study aimed to systematically analyze the association between long-term use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and the risk of gastric cancer (GC).

Methods: We performed a systematic search of articles on the relationship between long-term use of PPIs and the risk of GC from PubMed and EMBASE. We calculated the pooled odds ratio of GC in PPI users compared to non-PPI users using random-effects models.

Identification of immune hub genes participating in the pathogenesis and progression of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease.

Background: Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease is an autoimmune inflammatory disorder characterized by bilateral granulomatous uveitis. The objective of this study was to identify immune hub genes involved in the pathogenesis and progression of VKH disease.

Methods: High throughput sequencing data were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and an immune dataset was downloaded from ImmPort.

Highly efficient adsorption of chromium on N, S-codoped porous carbon materials derived from paper sludge.

The synergistic effect of heteroatoms is a viable method to enhance the adsorption performance of heavy metal onto carbon-based materials. However, the high cost, complex operation and a lot of pollution from the synthesis process have limited its development. Herein, a facile two-step pyrolysis method is used to prepare in situ N and S doped porous biochar from paper mill sludge for the removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous environment.

Effective separation and recovery of Zn, Cu, and Cr from electroplating sludge based on differential phase transformation induced by chlorinating roasting.

Heavy metals in electroplating sludge (ES) are usually amorphous and easily released in the environment. Especially for the ES containing multiple heavy metals, owing to the complex composition and lack of effective disposal method, it has been storage for a long time. In order to avoid environmental pollution, effective treatment methods are very urgent and necessary.

Nanoprotection Against Retinal Pigment Epithelium Degeneration via Ferroptosis Inhibition.

Lethal oxidative stress and ferrous ion accumulation-mediated degeneration/death in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) exert an indispensable impact on retinal degenerative diseases with irreversible visual impairment, especially in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), but corresponding pathogenesis-oriented medical intervention remains controversial. In this study, the potent iron-binding nanoscale Prussian blue analogue KCa[Fe (CN) ] (CaPB) with high biocompatibility is designed to inhibit RPE death and subsequently photoreceptor cell degeneration. In mice, CaPB effectively prevents RPE degeneration and ultimately fulfills superior therapeutic outcomes upon a single intravitreal injection: significant rescue of retinal structures and visual function.

Clinical features and prognosis of children with acute leukemias of ambiguous lineage under different diagnostic criteria.

Objectives: To study the clinical features and prognosis of children with acute leukemias of ambiguous lineage (ALAL) under different diagnostic criteria.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical data of 39 children with ALAL who were diagnosed and treated from December 2015 to December 2019. Among the 39 children, 34 received treatment.

HO-1-mediated ferroptosis as a target for protection against retinal pigment epithelium degeneration.

Oxidative stress-mediated retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) degeneration plays a vital role in retinal degeneration with irreversible visual impairment, most notably in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), but a key pathogenic factor and the targeted medical control remain controversial and unclear. In this work, by sophisticated high-throughput sequencing and biochemistry investigations, the major pathologic processes during RPE degeneration in the sodium iodate-induced oxidative stress model has been identified to be heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1)-regulated ferroptosis, which is controlled by the Nrf2-SLC7A11-HO-1 hierarchy, through which ferrous ion accumulation and lethal oxidative stress cause RPE death and subsequently photoreceptor degeneration. By direct knockdown of HO-1 or using HO-1 inhibitor ZnPP, the specific inhibition of HO-1 overexpression has been determined to significantly block RPE ferroptosis.

Effects of blue light-exposed retinal pigment epithelial cells on the process of ametropia.

Ametropia is one of the most common ocular disorders worldwide, to which almost half of visual impairments are attributed. Growing evidence has linked the development of ametropia with ambient light, including blue light, which is ubiquitous in our surroundings and has the highest photonic energy among the visible spectrum. However, the underlying mechanism of blue light-mediated ametropia remains controversial and unclear.

[Effect of swertiamarin, gentiopicrin and sweroside on cell apoptosis and expression of Bcl-2 in rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes].

The aim of this paper was to discuss the effect of swertiamarin, gentiopicrin and sweroside on rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes(RA-FLSs) and B-cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2) and their mechanisms. ZINC database and RCSB PDB database were retrieved for 3 D chemical structures of swertiamarin, gentiopicrin and sweroside and 3 D target protein structures. AutoDock Mgltools 1.

Protection against light-induced retinal degeneration via dual anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic functions of thrombospondin-1.

Background And Purpose: Retinal photodamage is a high-risk factor for age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. However, both the pathogenesis and effective therapies for retinal photodamage are still unclear and debated.

Experimental Approach: The anti-inflammatory effects of thrombospondin-1 on blue light-induced inflammation in ARPE-19 cells and in retinal inflammation were evaluated.

Bio-inspired chiral self-assemblies promoted neuronal differentiation of retinal progenitor cells through activation of metabolic pathway.

Retinal degeneration is a main class of ocular diseases. So far, retinal progenitor cell (RPC) transplantation has been the most potential therapy for it, in which promoting RPCs neuronal differentiation remains an unmet challenge. To address this issue, innovatively designed phenylalanine based chiral nanofibers (LPG and DPG) are employed and it finds that chirality of fibers can efficiently regulate RPCs differentiation.

Regular arrangement of collecting venules under endoscopy for predicting a Helicobacter pylori-negative stomach: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Aims: The regular arrangement of collecting venules (RAC) refers to the appearance of multiple regular tiny veins in the body of the stomach and is considered to be very effective for identifying gastric mucosa with non-Helicobacter pylori infection. This meta-analysis was conducted to systematically evaluate the value of the sign in predicting a Helicobacter pylori-negative stomach and the relevant factors that may affect the performance of this prediction.

Methods: Two biomedical databases (PubMed and EMBASE) were systematically searched through April 20, 2020.

CircRNA-vgll3 promotes osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells via modulating miRNA-dependent integrin α5 expression.

Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) are promising candidate for regenerative medicine to repair non-healing bone defects due to their high and easy availability. However, the limited osteogenic differentiation potential greatly hinders the clinical application of ADSCs in bone repair. Accumulating evidences demonstrate that circular RNAs (circRNAs) are involved in stem/progenitor cell fate determination, but their specific role in stem/progenitor cell osteogenesis, remains mostly undescribed.

Circular RNA expression profile and m6A modification analysis in poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the stomach.

To profile and characterize the circular RNA (circRNA) expression pattern in poorly differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma (PDGA). CircRNA expression profiles in PDGA and adjacent nontumor tissues were analyzed by microarray. Five randomly selected differentiated expressed circRNAs (DECs) were validated by real-time quantitative PCR.

miR-762 regulates the proliferation and differentiation of retinal progenitor cells by targeting NPDC1.

Retinal degenerations, which lead to irreversible decline in visual function, are still no effective recovery treatments. Currently, retinal progenitor cell (RPC) transplantation therapy is expected to provide a new approach to treat these diseases; however, the limited proliferation capacity and differentiation potential toward specific retinal neurons of RPCs hinder their potential clinical applications. microRNAs have been reported to serve as important regulators in the cell fate determination of stem/progenitor cells.