Ferroptosis and its impact on common diseases.

Ferroptosis is a novel form of programmed cell death characterized by iron accumulation, lipid peroxidation, and a decline in antioxidant capacity, all of which are regulated by gene expression. The onset of numerous diseases is closely associated with ferroptosis. Common diseases affect a large population, reduce the quality of life, and impose an increased burden on the healthcare system.

Identification of risk factors for necrotizing enterocolitis in twins: a case-control matching analysis of over ten-years' experience.

Objective: The identification of risk factors is crucial for the clinical prevention and diagnosis of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Monochorionic twins (MCT), due to the high genetic homogeneity, provided a valuable model for investigating the risk factors of various diseases. This study aimed to explore the risk factors for NEC using MCT.

Virus-Triggered Autoimmunity Was Associated With Hirschsprung's Disease Through Activation of Innate Immunity.

Hirschsprung's disease (HSCR) is a congenital enteric nervous system (ENS) disorder. Genetics cannot explain most sporadic cases. To explore the relationship between pathogen infection, autoantibodies, innate immune, and HSCR.

Carbene and photocatalyst-catalyzed 3-acylation of indoles for facile access to indole-3-yl aryl ketones.

3-Acyl indoles play important roles in both organic synthesis and diverse types of functional molecules. Herein, a facile nitrogen heterocyclic carbene (NHC) and photocatalyst cooperatively-catalyzed 3-acylation of indoles was disclosed. The reaction proceeded radical cross-coupling of indole-based aryl radical cations with NHC-bound ketyl radical species, which are less explored in radical NHC catalysis.

MAPK signaling pathway induced LOX-1 polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells in biliary atresia.

Biliary atresia (BA) is a severe pediatric liver disease characterized by progressive bile duct destruction and fibrosis, leading to significant liver damage and frequently necessitating liver transplantation. This study elucidates the role of LOX-1 polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSCs) in BA pathogenesis and assesses their potential as non-invasive early diagnostic biomarkers. Using flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, and molecular profiling, we analyzed the expression and activity of these cells in peripheral blood and liver tissues from BA patients and controls.

Early Radiographic Characteristics of the Lateral Talocalcaneal Angle and its Predictive Significance for Relapse in Patients With Idiopathic Clubfoot Treated With the Ponseti Method.

In order to evaluate the early radiographic characteristics of the lateral talocalcaneal (L-TC) angle in patients with idiopathic clubfoot (ICF) and to investigate its prognostic significance for relapse after initial treatment with the Ponseti method. We retrospectively included 151 patients (96 males and 55 females; 227 feet) with ICF treated at our Institution between January 2005 and December 2014. The age at initial treatment was less than 6 months, and radiographs were obtained within 3 months of the Achilles tenotomy (mean age: 2.

Epigenetic Insights Into Necrotizing Enterocolitis: Unraveling Methylation-Regulated Biomarkers.

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a multifactorial gastrointestinal disease with high morbidity and mortality among premature infants. This study aimed to identify novel methylation-regulated biomarkers in NEC intestinal tissue through multiomics analysis. We analyzed DNA methylation and transcriptome datasets from ileum and colon tissues of patients with NEC.

Specific convulsions and brain damage in children hospitalized for Omicron BA.5 infection: an observational study using two cohorts.

Background: SARS-CoV-2 continues to mutate over time, and reports on children infected with Omicron BA.5 are limited. We aimed to analyze the specific symptoms of Omicron-infected children and to improve patient care.

CD14 facilitates perinatal human cytomegalovirus infection in biliary epithelial cells via CD55.

Background & Aims: A high human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection rate accompanied by an increased level of bile duct damage is observed in the perinatal period. The possible mechanism was investigated.

Methods: A total of 1,120 HCMV-positive and 9,297 HCMV-negative children were recruited, and depending on age, their liver biochemistry profile was compared.

Proteomics Defines Plasma Biomarkers for the Early Diagnosis of Biliary Atresia.

Early diagnosis of biliary atresia (BA) is crucial for improving the chances of survival and preserving the liver function of pediatric patients with BA. Herein, we performed proteomics analysis using data-independent acquisition (DIA) and parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) to explore potential biomarkers for the early diagnosis of BA compared to other non-BA jaundice cases. Consequently, we detected and validated differential protein expression in the plasma of patients with BA compared to the plasma of patients with intrahepatic cholestasis.

The Born in Guangzhou Cohort Study enables generational genetic discoveries.

Genomic research that targets large-scale, prospective birth cohorts constitutes an essential strategy for understanding the influence of genetics and environment on human health. Nonetheless, such studies remain scarce, particularly in Asia. Here we present the phase I genome study of the Born in Guangzhou Cohort Study (BIGCS), which encompasses the sequencing and analysis of 4,053 Chinese individuals, primarily composed of trios or mother-infant duos residing in South China.

Prognostic Value of Serum Cholinesterase Levels for In-Hospital Mortality among Patients with Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Cholinesterase (ChE) is associated with the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), including chronic airway inflammation and oxidation/antioxidant imbalance. However, the relationship between serum ChE levels and survival outcomes of patients hospitalized with acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD) is unknown. In this retrospective single-center study, we investigated the ability of the serum ChE level to predict in-hospital death in patients hospitalized with AECOPD.

Interaction and joint association of gestational diabetes mellitus and subsequent weight gain rate on macrosomia.

Background & Aims: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and gestational weight gain are two crucial modifiable nutritional factors during pregnancy in preventing macrosomia, warranting appropriate management of both glycemic levels and weight gain to prevent macrosomia, particularly in individuals with GDM. Unfortunately, current general weight targets appear not to apply to individuals with GDM, suggesting that weight gain, specifically following an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), may affect risk of macrosomia dependent on GDM status. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the interaction and joint association of GDM and post-OGTT weight gain rate (PWGR) in relation to macrosomia.

Boryl radical catalysis enables asymmetric radical cycloisomerization reactions.

The development of functionally distinct catalysts for enantioselective synthesis is a prominent yet challenging goal of synthetic chemistry. In this work, we report a family of chiral -heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-ligated boryl radicals as catalysts that enable catalytic asymmetric radical cycloisomerization reactions. The radical catalysts can be generated from easily prepared NHC-borane complexes, and the broad availability of the chiral NHC component provides substantial benefits for stereochemical control.

MUC15 is an independent prognostic factor that promotes metastases of MYCN non-amplified neuroblastoma.

Neuroblastoma (NB) is a cancer that arises from neural-crest-derived sympathoadrenal lineage. Less is known about the pathogenesis and molecular characteristics of MYCN non-amplified (MYCN-NA) NB. We constructed a signature model targeting mucin family according to RNA sequencing data from GSE49710 dataset, and validated the prognostic performance.

Single cell RNA-sequencing analysis reveals that -acetylcysteine partially reverses hepatic immune dysfunction in biliary atresia.

Background & Aims: Our previous study indicated that CD177 neutrophil activation has a vital role in the pathogenesis of biliary atresia (BA), which is partially ameliorated by -acetylcysteine (NAC) treatment. Here, we evaluated the clinical efficacy of NAC treatment and profiled liver-resident immune cells via single cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis to provide a comprehensive immune landscape of NAC-derived immune regulation.

Methods: A pilot clinical study was conducted to evaluate the potential effects of intravenous NAC treatment on infants with BA, and a 3-month follow-up was carried out to assess treatment efficacy.

Plasma anti-myosin autoantibodies in the diagnosis of necrotizing enterocolitis.

Unlabelled: We aimed to assess whether autoantibodies can be used as biomarkers for necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and applied for its early diagnosis. A prospective observational study was conducted in neonates with suspected NEC abdominal distension (the developmental study), which consisted of 50 neonates finally divided into NEC (n = 24) and non-NEC (n = 26) cohorts based on follow-up results. Serum samples were collected within 48 h of illness onset and used for screening NEC-associated plasma autoantibodies by autoantigen microarray.

Associated congenital heart disease with Hirschsprung's disease: a retrospective cohort study on 2,174 children.

Objective: To examine the incidence and phenotypes of congenital heart disease (CHD) in a large cohort of patients with Hirschsprung's disease (HSCR).

Study Design: Retrospective data review of children with HSCR between 2003 and 2020 was conducted at the Provincial Key Laboratory for Structural Birth Defects in Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. HSCR was confirmed by pathological diagnosis.

Factors influencing outcomes of pelvic osteotomy for residual acetabular dysplasia following closed reduction in patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip.

To investigate the factors influencing outcome of pelvic osteotomy (PO) for residual acetabular dysplasia (RAD) following closed reduction (CR) in patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). We retrospectively reviewed 91 patients (95 hips) with DDH who underwent PO for RAD. Tönnis grade, Acetabular index, Center Edge Angle, Reimer's Index (RI), and avascular necrosis of the femoral head (AVN) were assessed.

Establishment and identification of an animal model of Hirschsprung disease in suckling mice.

Background: Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) is a congenital intestinal malformation. Previous HSCR animal model needs invasive operation on adult animal. The aim of this study is to establish an early-onset animal model which is consistent with the clinical manifestation of HSCR patients.

Weight progression and adherence to weight gain target in women with vs. without gestational diabetes: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Weight management has been an important component of the service in obstetric care offered to pregnant women. Current gestational weight gain recommendations were primarily for the general obstetric population, raising concern about the applicability to women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). We aimed to assess the difference in weight progression and adherence to the recommended gestational weight gain targets between women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and women with normal glucose tolerance (NGT).

Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor, a Novel Adipokine, Contributes to Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.

Context: Excessive insulin resistance, inadequate insulin compensation, or both could result in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Levels of pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), a novel adipokine that could induce insulin resistance, are high in patients with obesity and diabetes. However, the impact of PEDF in pregnancy remains unknown.

Variant rs8400 enhances ALKBH5 expression through disrupting miR-186 binding and promotes neuroblastoma progression.

Objective: AlkB homolog 5 (ALKBH5) has been proven to be closely related to tumors. However, the role and molecular mechanism of ALKBH5 in neuroblastomas have rarely been reported.

Methods: The potential functional single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in were identified by National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) dbSNP screening and SNPinfo software.