Alkali Metal Amide-Catalyzed α-Deuteration of Sulfides.

The catalytic α-deuteration of sulfides was developed under mild conditions by using alkali metal amides [KN(SiMe) and CsN(SiMe)] as the catalyst. This approach successfully achieves a selective and efficient H/D exchange reaction of sulfides with D without using transition metal catalysts. A series of deuterium-labeled thioanisoles and alkyl methyl sulfides were obtained in good to high levels of deuterium incorporation.

Cesium Amide-Catalyzed Selective Deuteration of Benzylic C-H Bonds with D and Application for Tritiation of Pharmaceuticals.

Hydrogen isotope exchange (HIE) represents one of the most attractive labeling methods to synthesize deuterium- and tritium-labeled compounds. Catalytic HIE methods that enable site-selective C-H bond activation and exchange labeling with gaseous isotopes D and T are of vital importance, in particular for high-specific-activity tritiation of pharmaceuticals. As part of our interest in exploring s-block metals for catalytic transformations, we found CsN(SiMe ) to be an efficient catalyst for selective HIE of benzylic C-H bonds with D gas.

Direct alkylation of N,N-dialkyl benzamides with methyl sulfides under transition metal-free conditions.

Amides are a fundamental and widespread functional group, and are usually considered as poor electrophiles owing to resonance stabilization of the amide bond. Various approaches have been developed to address challenges in amide transformations. Nonetheless, most methods use activated amides, organometallic reagents or transition metal catalysts.

Expression of IL-27, Th1 and Th17 in patients with aplastic anemia.

Background: Aplastic anemia (AA) is an autoimmune disease and interleukin-27 (IL-27) is an important cytokine involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. To date there have been no reports concerning the intrinsic association among IL-27 and Thelper (Th) 1 and Th17 cells in AA.

Materials And Methods: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to assay IL-27, interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and IL-17 levels, flow cytometry to measure the percentages of Th1 and Th17 cells among peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the mRNA levels of IL-27, IFN-γ, T-bet and IL-17 and retinoid related orphan receptor gamma (RORγt) in PBMCs were performed.