Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase, Redox Homeostasis and Embryogenesis.

Normal embryogenesis requires complex regulation and precision, which depends on multiple mechanistic details. Defective embryogenesis can occur by various mechanisms. Maintaining redox homeostasis is of importance during embryogenesis.

The Redox Role of G6PD in Cell Growth, Cell Death, and Cancer.

The generation of reducing equivalent NADPH via glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is critical for the maintenance of redox homeostasis and reductive biosynthesis in cells. NADPH also plays key roles in cellular processes mediated by redox signaling. Insufficient G6PD activity predisposes cells to growth retardation and demise.

What has passed is prolog: new cellular and physiological roles of G6PD.

G6PD deficiency has been the most pervasive inherited disorder in the world since having been discovered. G6PD has an antioxidant role by functioning as a major nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) provider to reduce excessive oxidative stress. NADPH can produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) mediated by NADPH oxidase (NOX) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS), respectively.

Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase knockdown enhances IL-8 expression in HepG2 cells via oxidative stress and NF-κB signaling pathway.

Background: This study was designed to investigate the effect of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency on pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion using a palmitate-induced inflammation HepG2 in vitro model. The modulation of cellular pro-inflammatory cytokine expression under G6PD deficiency during chronic hepatic inflammation has never been investigated before.

Methods: The culture medium of untreated and palmitate-treated G6PD-scramble (Sc) and G6PD-knockdown (Gi) HepG2 cells were subjected to cytokine array analysis, followed by validation with ELISA and qRT-PCR of the target cytokine.

Analysis of the causes and clinical characteristics of jejunoileal hemorrhage in China: a multicenter 10 year retrospective survey.

Background: A retrospective study was performed to assess the causes, diagnostic methods for, and clinical features of, jejunoileal hemorrhage in Shandong province, China and to derive recommendations for management of this condition from these data.

Methods: We performed a retrospective systematic collection of data from between January 1999 and December 2008 in seven cities in Shandong province, China, identified 72 patients with jejunoileal hemorrhage and analyzed the relevant clinical data.

Results: Overall, tumors were the most common cause of jejunoileal hemorrhage (42 patients, 58.