Expression of concern: Versatile plasmonic-effects at the interface of inverted perovskite solar cells.

Expression of concern for 'Versatile plasmonic-effects at the interface of inverted perovskite solar cells' by Ahmed Esmail Shalan, , , 2017, , 1229-1236, https://doi.org/10.1039/C6NR06741G.

Slow Passivation and Inverted Hysteresis for Hybrid Tin Perovskite Solar Cells Attaining 13.5% via Sequential Deposition.

Herein, we report a sequential deposition procedure to passivate the surface of a hybrid mixed cationic tin perovskite (E1G20) with phenylhydrazinium thiocyanate (PHSCN) dissolved in trifluoroethanol solvent. The photoluminescence lifetime of the PHSCN film was enhanced by a factor of 6, while the charge-extraction rate from perovskite to C layer was enhanced by a factor of 2.5, in comparison to those of the E1G20 film.

Serum soluble TWEAK levels in severe traumatic brain injury and its prognostic significance.

Background: Severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) is characterized by a high mortality. Tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) participates in inflammation. We determined serum soluble TWEAK (sTWEAK) levels with respect to its prognostic ability.

Research progress on human genes involved in the pathogenesis of glaucoma (Review).

Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness globally. It is known that the incidence of glaucoma is closely associated with inheritance. A large number of studies have suggested that genetic factors are involved in the occurrence and development of glaucoma, and even affect the drug sensitivity and prognosis of glaucoma.

Versatile plasmonic-effects at the interface of inverted perovskite solar cells.

Plasmonics is a highly promising approach to enhancing the light-harvesting properties of hybrid organic/inorganic perovskite solar cells. In the present work, our cells have a p-i-n inverted planar structure. An ultrathin NiO film with two different thicknesses of 5 and 10 nm prepared by a pulsed laser deposition process on an ITO substrate with a faceted and furrowed surface enabled the formation of a continuous and compact layer of well-crystallized CHNHPbIvia an anti-solvent chlorobenzene process.

Cobalt Oxide (CoO) as an Efficient Hole-Extracting Layer for High-Performance Inverted Planar Perovskite Solar Cells.

CoO is a promising hole-extracting layer (HEL) for inverted planar perovskite solar cells with device configuration ITO/CoO/CHNHPbI/PCBM/Ag. The devices fabricated according to a simple solution procedure showed the best photovoltaic performance attaining power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 14.5% under AM 1.

Novel porphyrin-preparation, characterization, and applications in solar energy conversion.

Porphyrins have been demonstrated as one of the most efficient sensitizers in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC). Herein, we investigated a series of porphyrin sensitizers functionalized with various π-spacers, such as phenyl for LD14, thiophene for LW4, thiophene-phenyl for LW5, and 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (BTD)-phenyl for LW24. Photo-physical investigation by means of time-resolved fluorescence and nanosecond transient absorption spectroscopy revealed an accelerated inner charge transfer in porphyrins containing the BTD-phenyl π-spacer.

Influence of Phenylethynylene of Push-Pull Zinc Porphyrins on the Photovoltaic Performance.

A series of zinc porphyrin dyes YD22-YD28 were synthesized and used for dye-sensitized solar cells. Dyes YD26-YD28 consist of zinc porphyrin (ZnP) as core unit, arylamine (Am) as electron-donating group, and p-ethynylbenzoic acid (EBA) as an electron-withdrawing/-anchoring group. The dyes YD22-YD25 contain additional phenylethynylene group (PE) bridged between Am and ZnP units.

Metal-free organic dyes for TiO2 and ZnO dye-sensitized solar cells.

We report the synthesis and characterization of new metal-free organic dyes (namely B18, BTD-R, and CPTD-R) which designed with D-π-A concept to extending the light absorption region by strong conjugation group of π-linker part and applied as light harvester in dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). We compared the photovoltaic performance of these dyes in two different photoanodes: a standard TiO2 mesoporous photoanode and a ZnO photoanode composed of hierarchically assembled nanostructures. The results demonstrated that B18 dye has better photovoltaic properties compared to other two dyes (BTD-R and CPTD-R) and each dye has higher current density (Jsc) when applied to hierarchical ZnO nanocrystallites than the standard TiO2 mesoporous film.

Molecular engineering of organic dyes with a hole-extending donor tail for efficient all-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells.

We report a new concept for the design of metal-free organic dyes (OD5-OD9) with an extended donor-π-acceptor (D-π-A) molecular framework, in which the donor terminal unit is attached by a hole-extending side chain to retard back electron transfer and charge recombination; the π-bridge component contains varied thiophene-based substituents to enhance the light-harvesting ability of the device. The best dye (OD9) has a D-A-π-A configuration with the hexyloxyphenylthiophene (HPT) side chain as a hole-extension component and a benzothiadiazole (BTD) internal acceptor as a π-extension component. The co-sensitization of OD9 with the new porphyrin dye LW24 enhanced the light-harvesting ability to 800 nm; thus, a power conversion efficiency 5.

High-Performance and Stable Gel-State Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Using Anodic TiO2 Nanotube Arrays and Polymer-Based Gel Electrolytes.

Highly ordered and vertically oriented TiO2 nanotube (NT) arrays were synthesized with potentiostatic anodization of Ti foil and applied to fabricate gel-state dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The open structure of the TiO2 NT facilitates the infiltration of the gel-state electrolyte; their one-dimensional structural feature provides effective charge transport. TiO2 NTs of length L=15-35 μm were produced on anodization for periods of t=5-15 h at a constant voltage of 60 V, and sensitized with N719 for photovoltaic characterization.

[Cervical spondylosis of vertebral artery treated with thermosensitive moxibustion with different dosages: a randomized controlled trial].

Objective: To compare the difference in the clinical efficacy on cervical spondylosis of vertebral artery type (CSA) treated with thermosensitive moxibustion at different dosages.

Methods: Sixty cases of CSA were randomized into a saturated moxa dosage group and a regular moxa dosage group, 30 cases in each one. The thermosensitive moxibustion was adopted in the two groups.

Intermedin as a prognostic factor for major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction.

Intermedin functions systemically as a potent vasodilator and its plasma levels have been shown to be elevated in patients with acute myocardial infarction. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of plasma intermedin level in the patients with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction. Plasma intermedin concentrations of 128 patients and 128 healthy controls were determined using a radioimmunoassay.

Application of latent variable model in Rosenberg self-esteem scale.

Latent Variable Models (LVM) are applied to Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). Parameter estimations automatically give negative signs hence no recoding is necessary for negatively scored items. Bad items can be located through parameter estimate, item characteristic curves and other measures.

High-performance large-scale flexible dye-sensitized solar cells based on anodic TiO2 nanotube arrays.

A simple strategy to fabricate flexible dye-sensitized solar cells involves the use of photoanodes based on TiO2 nanotube (TNT) arrays with rear illumination. The TNT films (tube length ∼35 μm) were produced via anodization, and sensitized with N719 dye for photovoltaic characterization. Pt counter electrodes of two types were used: a conventional FTO/glass substrate for a device of rigid type and an ITO/PEN substrate for a device of flexible type.

Hybrid Titania Photoanodes with a Nanostructured Multi-Layer Configuration for Highly Efficient Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells.

To construct a hybrid titania photoanode containing nanoparticles and nanorods of varied size in a multilayer (ML) configuration for dye-sensitized solar cells, the essence of our ML design is a bilayer system with additional layers of nanorods of well-controlled size inserted between the transparent and the scattering layers to enhance the light-harvesting capability for photosensitizers with small absorptivity, such as Z907. We measured charge-extraction and intensity-modulated photoelectric spectra to show the advantages of one-dimensional nanorods with an improved electron-transport property and an upward shift of the potential band edge; a favorable ML configuration was constructed to have a cascade potential feature for feasible electron transport from long nanorods, to normal nanorods, to small nanoparticles. On the basis of the ML system reported herein, we demonstrate how the performance of a Z907 device is improved to attain η ∼10%, which is a milestone for its future commercialization.

The influence of electron injection and charge recombination kinetics on the performance of porphyrin-sensitized solar cells: effects of the 4-tert-butylpyridine additive.

The effects of the 4-tert-butylpyridine (TBP) additive in the electrolyte on photovoltaic performance of two push-pull porphyrin sensitizers (YD12 and YD12CN) were examined. Addition of TBP significantly increased the open-circuit voltage (VOC) for YD12 (from 550 to 729 mV) but it was to a lesser extent for YD12CN (from 544 to 636 mV); adding TBP also had the effect of reducing the short-circuit current density (JSC) slightly for YD12 (from 17.65 to 17.

[Expression and role of urotensin II on the lung of patients with pulmonary hypertension with congenital heart disease].

Objective: To observe the expression of urotensin II (UII) on the lung of patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) with congenital heart disease and investigate the meaning of this phenomenon.

Method: Thirty eight patients with CHD were divided into three groups according to pulmonary arterial systolic pressure (PASP) measured in cardiac catheterization and surgery: normal pulmonary pressure group (N group, PASP < 30 mm Hg, n = 10), mild PH group (M group, PASP ≥ 30 mm Hg, n = 15), severe or moderate PH group (S group, PASP ≥ 50 mm Hg, n = 13). The expression of UII protein and UII mRNA in pulmonary arterioles were measured separately by immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis and in situ hybridization (ISH) analysis.

Size-controlled anatase titania single crystals with octahedron-like morphology for dye-sensitized solar cells.

A simple hydrothermal method with titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP) as a precursor and triethanolamine (TEOA) as a chelating agent enabled growth in the presence of a base (diethylamine, DEA) of anatase titania nanocrystals (HD1-HD5) of controlled size. DEA played a key role to expedite this growth, for which a biphasic crystal growth mechanism is proposed. The produced single crystals of titania show octahedron-like morphology with sizes in a broad range of 30-400 nm; a typical, extra large, octahedral single crystal (HD5) of length 410 nm and width 260 nm was obtained after repeating a sequential hydrothermal treatment using HD3 and then HD4 as a seed crystal.

Design and Characterization of Heteroleptic Ruthenium Complexes Containing Benzimidazole Ligands for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells: The Effect of Fluorine Substituents on Photovoltaic Performance.

We designed heteroleptic ruthenium complexes (RD12-RD15) containing fluoro-substituted benzimidazole ligands for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). These dyes were synthesized according to a typical one-pot procedure with the corresponding ancillary ligands produced in two simple steps; they were prepared into DSSC devices according to the same conditions of fabrication. The eventual devices show a systematic trend of increasing VOC and decreasing JSC with fluorine atoms of increasing number substituted on the ligand.

[Analyze on the component of rosmarinic acid in Prunella vulgaris and its effect on alpha-glycosidase activity].

Objective: To analyze rosmarinic acid in Prunella vulgaris and its effect on the activity of alpha-glycosidase.

Methods: Qualitative and quantitative analyses of Rosmarinic acid in Prunella vulgaris were carried out by HPLC. The activity of different micro reaction systems like alpha-amylase, alpha-glucosidase and alpha-maltase, which were added to Rosmarinic acid and Acarbose, was determined by Bernfeld, pNPG and GOD.

Design and characterization of alkoxy-wrapped push-pull porphyrins for dye-sensitized solar cells.

Three alkoxy-wrapped push-pull porphyrins were designed and synthesized for dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) applications. Spectral, electrochemical, photovoltaic and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy properties of these porphyrin sensitizers were well investigated to provide evidence for the molecular design.

[Effects of carvedilol on cardiomyocyte apoptosis in autoimmune myocarditis in mice].

Objective: To observe the effects of carvedilol on the expression of Bcl-2, Bax and Fas in autoimmune myocarditis (AM).

Methods: A total of 60 inbred male BALB/C mice 4 - 5 weeks of age were divided at random into 3 groups as follows: AM group (n = 20), carvedilol group (n = 20) and control group (n = 20). The mice were sacrificed after gathering blood specimens by taking out the eyeballs and hearts tissue.

Exploring the components of metabolic syndrome with respect to gender difference and its relationship to health-promoting lifestyle behaviour: a study in Taiwanese urban communities.

Aims: The aim was to explore the prevalence of five components of metabolic syndrome with respect to gender and health-promoting lifestyle behaviours.

Background: Age- and gender-specific strategies might be useful as an approach to controlling metabolic syndrome. Prevention or delaying the onset of metabolic syndrome is of utmost importance in terms of chronic disease care in Taiwan.

Effects of aggregation and electron injection on photovoltaic performance of porphyrin-based solar cells with oligo(phenylethynyl) links inside TiO(2) and Al(2)O(3) nanotube arrays.

Porphyrins with phenylethynyl links of varied length (PE1-PE4) were sensitized on vertically oriented, anodic titanium-oxide (ATO) nanotube arrays for application as dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC). The efficiency of power conversion decreased systematically from the dye with a short link to the dye with a long link. We measured the efficiency of conversion of incident photons to current (IPCE), the photocurrent decay of the devices, and steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence spectra of the thin-film samples to understand how the cell performance depends on the length of the link.