Dendrocandin U from Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo Inhibits M1 Polarization in Alveolar Macrophage by Suppressing NF-κB Signaling Pathway.

Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo is a valuable and homologous medicine and food traditional Chinese medicine. Currently there are few studies on the anti-inflammatory activity of lipophilic components. The aim of this study was to explore the anti-inflammatory effect and mechanism of the lipophilic compounds in Dendrobium officinale.

Schisandrin A ameliorates increased pulmonary capillary endothelial permeability accompanied with sepsis through inhibition of RhoA/ROCK1/MLC pathways.

Background: Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response, and vascular leakage associated with acute lung injury (ALI) is an important pathophysiological process during sepsis. Schisandrin A (SchA) is a bioactive lignan which has been reported to have the anti-inflammatory effects in many studies, while whether SchA can ameliorate ALI-related vascular leakage caused by sepsis is unknown.

Objective: To evaluate the role and the underlying mechanism of SchA in increase of pulmonary vascular permeability induced by sepsis.

Cognitive magnetic resonance imaging-ultrasound fusion transperineal targeted biopsy combined with randomized biopsy in detection of prostate cancer.

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common cancers among men. Various strategies for targeted biopsy based on multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mp-MRI) have emerged, which may improve the accuracy of detecting clinically significant PCa in recent years.

Aim: To investigate the diagnostic efficiency of a template for cognitive MRI-ultrasound fusion transperineal targeted plus randomized biopsy in detecting PCa.

Comparison of Oncological Outcomes Between Radical Prostatectomy and Radiotherapy by Type of Radiotherapy in Elderly Prostate Cancer Patients.

Objective: We aimed compare the oncologic outcomes of radical prostatectomy (RP) with those of external beam radiotherapy (EBRT), brachytherapy (BT), or EBRT + BT (EBBT) in elderly patients with localised prostate cancer (PCa).

Methods: Localised PCa patients aged ≥70 years who underwent RP, EBRT, BT, or EBBT between 2004 and 2016 were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Multivariable competing risks survival analyses were used to estimate prostate cancer-specific mortality (CSM) and other-cause mortality (OCM).

Comparing the Oncological Outcomes of Cryoablation vs. Radical Prostatectomy in Low-Intermediate Risk Localized Prostate Cancer.

To compare the oncologic outcomes of cryoablation (CA) and radical prostatectomy (RP) in patients with low- and intermediate-risk localized prostate cancer (PCa). PCa patients who received CA or RP between 2004 and 2015 were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard analysis was used to compare the prostate cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS).

Positive node burden rather than the number of removed nodes impacts survival in patients with node-positive prostate cancer.

Background: The value of pelvic lymphadenectomy during radical prostatectomy (RP) remains controversial. This study aims to test the effects of the number of removed lymph nodes (RLN), positive nodes (pLN), and pLN ratio (pLNR) on cancer-specific survival (CSS) in patients with node-positive prostate cancer (PCa).

Methods: A total of 2458 patients with a greater than 5% probability of lymph node invasion according to the updated Briganti nomogram who harboured pathologically confirmed positive nodes in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database between 2004 and 2015 were identified.

The impact of atrial fibrillation on outcomes in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy.

Purpose: To assess the role of atrial fibrillation (AF) on complicating inpatient outcomes of radical prostatectomy (RP).

Materials And Methods: We identified patients treated with RP during 2012-2014 within National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database. Length of stay, cost of hospitalization, and in-hospital complications were compared between patients with or without diagnosis of AF.

Impact of different color fiber sleeves on beam hazards of 532-nm laser and vaporization efficiency.

The 532-nm laser has become increasingly popular for the treatment of urologic diseases. However, laser beam will pose significant hazards for the health of surgeons. In order to reduce beam hazards during surgery, we compared the beam hazards of laser fiber with black sleeves to the traditional fiber with transparent sleeves, and the vaporization efficiency.

Impairment of Hepcidin Upregulation by Lipopolysaccharide in the Interleukin-6 Knockout Mouse Brain.

To find out whether the Interleukin-6 (IL-6)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway is involved in the expression of hepcidin in the mouse brain , we investigated the phosphorylation of STAT3, as well as the expression of hepcidin mRNA, ferroportin 1 (Fpn1) and ferritin light chain (Ft-L) proteins in the cortex and hippocampus of LPS-treated wild type (IL-6+/+) and IL-6 knockout (IL-6-/-) mice. We demonstrated that IL-6 knockout could significantly reduce the response of hepcidin mRNA, phospho-STAT3, Fpn1 and Ft-L protein expression to LPS treatment, in both the cortex and hippocampus of mice. Also, Stattic, an inhibitor of STAT3, significantly reduced the expression of phospho-STAT3 and hepcidin mRNA in the cortex and hippocampus of the LPS-treated wild type mice.

[Oral cavity delivery system of unfractionated and low molecular weight heparin].

The difference between absorption of unfractionated heparin (UFH) and low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) after oral and oral cavity administration were studied respectively, and the compatible enhancer for oral cavity delivery system of both drugs was found. The LMWH and UFH films were prepared with two bioadhesive materials Carbopol and alginate sodium for oral cavity delivery. The activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) was used to determine LMWH and UFH in plasma after oral, oral cavity and sc administration in rats.

Plasma pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of bufotalin in mice following single-bolus injection and constant-rate infusion of bufotalin solution.

Bufotalin is one of the active antitumor components in Ch'an Su which is a widely used traditional Chinese medicine. However, there is insufficient information on the biopharmaceutical properties of bufotalin based on pharmacokinetic studies. To investigate the pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of bufotalin, single-bolus injection and constant-rate infusion of bufotalin solution were performed in mice.

Preparation of albumin nanospheres loaded with gemcitabine and their cytotoxicity against BXPC-3 cells in vitro.

Aim: To optimize formulation methods for loading gemcitabine (GEM), the main drug against pancreatic cancer, into albumin nanoparticles for extended blood circulation and improved efficacy.

Methods: GEM was loaded into two sizes of disolvation-crosslinked bovine serum albumin nanoparticles, with a mean diameter of 109.7 nm and 405.