Single-cell transcriptomic profiling of maize cell heterogeneity and systemic immune responses against Puccinia polysora Underw.

Southern corn rust (SCR), caused by Puccinia polysora Underw (P. polysora), is a catastrophic disease affecting maize, leading to significant global yield losses. The disease manifests primarily as pustules on the upper surface of corn leaves, obscuring our understanding of its cellular heterogeneity, the maize's response to its infection and the underlying gene expression regulatory mechanisms.

Upregulation of ERp57 promotes clear cell renal cell carcinoma progression by initiating a STAT3/ILF3 feedback loop.

Background: ERp57 dysfunction has been shown to contribute to tumorigenesis in multiple malignances. However, the role of ERp57 in clear cell renal carcinoma (ccRCC) remains unclear.

Methods: Cell proliferation ability was measured by MTT and colony forming assays.

Construction of cDNA expression library of watermelon for isolation of ClWRKY1 transcription factors gene involved in resistance to Fusarium wilt.

Full-length cDNAs are very important for genome annotation and functional analysis of genes. The number of full-length cDNAs from watermelon remains limited. Here we report first the construction of a full-length enriched cDNA library from Fusarium wilt stressed watermelon (Citrullus lanatus Thunb.

[The relationship between endoplasmic reticulum stress and its particular apoptosis way caspase-12 and apoptosis in renal cortex of diabetic rats].

Objective: To investigate the expressions of 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78) and Caspase-12 and their relationship with apoptosis in renal cortex of diabetic rats.

Methods: Uninephrectomized Wistar rats were used to induce diabetes by intraperitoneal injection of Streptozotocin (STZ 65 mg/kg). After 8 weeks, the expression and distribution of GRP78, Caspase-12, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were examined by immunohistochemistry.

High-fat diet causes increased serum insulin and glucose which synergistically lead to renal tubular lipid deposition and extracellular matrix accumulation.

Renal tubular lipid accumulation is associated with renal injury in the metabolic syndrome, but its mechanisms are not fully elucidated. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the exact mechanism of renal tubular lipid accumulation in the diet-induced metabolic syndrome. The in vivo experiments showed that a high-fat diet induced hyperglycaemia, hyperinsulinaemia and hypertriacylglycerolaemia, subsequent increases in sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 (SREBP-1) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), lipid droplet deposit in renal tubular cells and interstitial extracellular matrix accumulation in Wistar rats.

[The expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling-1/3 in renal tubular epithelial cells induced by high glucose].

Objective: To observe the morphologic changes and the expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling-1/3 (SOCS-1/3) in renal tubular epithelial cells induced by high glucose (HG) and to investigate their significance.

Methods: The renal tubular epithelial cell line (HKCs) cultured in vitro were divided into blank control group, HG group, and Janus kinase 2 inhibitor AG490 group. HKC of blank control group was cultured for 8 hours in 5.

[The effect of Janus kinase 2 inhibitor AG490 on renal tubular epithelial-myofibroblast transdifferentiation induced by interleukin-1β].

Objective: To investigate the effect of AG490, a Janus kinase 2 inhibitor, on epithelial-myofibroblast transdifferentiation induced by interleukin-1β (IL-1β).

Methods: Cultured human renal tubular epithelial cell line (HKCs) were divided into three groups: blank control group, IL-1β (5 ng/ml) group and AG490 group (IL-1β 5 ng/ml+AG490 10 μmol/L). The cells in all groups were collected at 24, 48, 72 hours after intervention.

[High fat diet induced the expression of SREBP-1, TGF-beta1 and alpha-SMA in renal tubular cells and extracellular matrix accumulation in Wistar rats].

Objective: To explore the effect of high fat diet on the expression of sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 (SREBP-1), transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) and alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) in renal tubular cells and extracellular matrix accumulation in Wistar rats.

Methods: The Wistar rats were treated with high fat diet for 12 weeks and renal lipid deposit was detected by the method of Oil Red O staining. The immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to investigate the expression of SREBP-1, TGF-beta1, alpha-SMA and fibronectin (FN) protein.

Expansion of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells.

Hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) transplantation is hampered by the low number of stem cells per sample. To tackle this obstacle, several protocols for expansion of HSPCs in vitro are currently in development, such as the use of cytokine cocktails, coculture with mesenchymal stem cells as feeder cells, and cell culture in bioreactors. With the progress in the understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms regulating HSPCs maintenance and expansion, more recent approaches have involved transcription regulation, cell cycle regulation, telomerase regulation, and chromatin-modifying agents.

[Effects of fluvastatin on the expression of Janus kinase 2/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT) in glomerular mesangial cells under high concentration of glucose].

Objective: To investigate the effects of fluvastatin on activation of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and signal transducers and activators of transcription 1, 3 (STAT1, 3) in glomerular mesangial cells(GMCs) under high concentration of glucose.

Methods: Rat GMCs were cultured in vitro, and they were treated with glucose and fluvastatin respectively. Tyrosine phosphorylation of JAK2 (p-JAK2) expression was detected by immunoprecipitation and Western blotting analysis.

[Expression and clinical implication of platelet-derived growth factor-D and platelet-derived growth factor-beta in childhood IgA nephropathy].

Objective: To investigate the clinical implication of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-D and PDGF-beta in IgA nephropathy in childhood.

Methods: Forty-seven children with IgA nephropathy and 26 controls were enrolled for study, and their serum, urine and renal biopsy specimens were examined. The patients were divided into control group [including serum, urine specimens of 13 healthy children and 13 renal biopsy samples of non-IgA nephropathy in children], mild proliferation (MP) group (13 patients), focal proliferation (FP) group (19 patients), and proliferation sclerosis (PS) group (15 patients).

Fluvastatin inhibits activation of JAK and STAT proteins in diabetic rat glomeruli and mesangial cells under high glucose conditions.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to further elucidate the mechanism of the protective role of fluvastatin on diabetic nephropathy.

Methods: Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were treated daily with fluvastatin (4 mg/kg body weight) by gavage. The animals were killed 4 weeks later and urine and blood samples were collected.

[Effect of JAK/STAT pathway activation on high glucose-induced transdifferentiation in renal proximal tubular epithelial cells].

Objective: To evaluate the effect of JAK/STAT signaling pathway activation on the transdifferentiation and secretion of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) induced by high glucose in renal proximal tubular epithelial cells.

Methods: Human kidney cells (HKC) were cultured and then divided into four groups: low glucose (LG) group, high glucose (HG) group, high mannitol (LG + M) group, and HG + AG490 group. Immunoprecipitation and Western blot analysis were used to determine the expression of tryosine phosphorylated Janus kinase 2 ( p-JAK2).

[Expression of CD44 and nm23-H1 protein in the primary and metastatic lymph node lesions in supraglottic and hypopharyngeal cancer].

Objective: To study the metastasis feature of the primary and metastatic lymph node lesions in supraglottic or hypopharyngeal cancer.

Methods: The expression of CD44 and nm23-H1 in specimens from the primary and metastatic lymph node lesions of the 41 cases with supraglottic or hypopharyngeal cancer were studied with immunohistochemistry method and flow cytometry.

Results: No correlation was found between the expression of CD44, nm23-H1 and the tumor differentiation of the supraglottic or hypopharyngeal cancer, but their expression related with the clinical staging.

[Sensory gating of patients with first-episode schizophrenia].

Objective: To investigate the characteristics of sensory gating P50 of patients with first-episode schizophrenia.

Methods: The auditory evoked potentials P50 were recorded in 66 patients (Group Sch) with first-episode schizophrenia and 92 normal controls (Group NC) by using conditioning/testing paradigm presented with auditory double click stimuli.

Results: The value of S1-P50 of Group Sch was 3 microV +/- 2 microV, significantly lower than that of Group NC (6 microV +/- 3 microV, P <0.

[Tubular epithelial-myofibroblast transdifferentiation and expressions of hepatocyte growth factor and Smad7 in renal tissues of rat with experimental diabetes].

Objective: To investigate the relationship of tubular epithelial-myofibroblast transdifferentiation and the expressions of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and Smad7, and to elucidate the role of HGF and Smad7 in diabetic nephropathy.

Methods: Diabetes was induced in male Wistar rats with right nephrectomy and streptozotocin (STZ) administration. The expressions of cytokeratin 18 (CK18), alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA), HGF and Smad7 were assayed with immunohistochemistry.

[Effect of losartan on expression of Janus kinase 2 and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 in glomeruli of diabetic rats].

Objective: To investigate the effects of losartan on Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 in glomeruli of diabetic rats.

Methods: Sixty Wistar male rats were randomly divided into control group (n=20), diabetes group (n=20), and losartan treatment group (n=20). Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 65 mg/kg).

[Protective effects of Lovastatin on early diabetic renal tissue and the possible mechanism].

Objective: To investigate the protective effects of Lovastatin on renal function in experimental diabetic nephropathy in rats. and the function of cAMP-responsive element binding protein (CREB1) in this duration.

Methods: Diabetes was induced in male Wistar rats by intrapetitoneal injection of STZ (65 mg/kg).

[Effects of lovastatin on renal function and expression of phosphorylating-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in experimental diabetic nephropathy in rats].

Objective: To investigate the effects of lovastatin on renal function, activity and expression of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and cAMP responsive element-binding protein (CREB) in experimental diabetic nephropathy in rats.

Methods: Eighteen uninephrectomized male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: control (n=6), diabetic (n=6) and lovastatin treatment group (n=6). Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of STZ (65 mg/kg).

[Effects of puerarin on renal function, expressions of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 in diabetic rats].

Aim: To investigate the effect of puerarin on expressions of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 in the kidney of diabetic rats.

Methods: Uninephrectomized male Wistar rats were used to induce diabetes by intraperitoneal injection of streptozocin (65 mg x kg(-1)). Puerarin was given daily by intraperitoneal injection from the third day of induction of diabetes for 16 weeks.