Reappraisal of the Mawangdui Han Tomb Cadaver Thirty Years After Its Unearthing.

The Mawangdui tomb No.1 cadaver, a female corpse from the Western Han Dynasty, was unearthed in 1972. Forensic examination at the time of discovery indicated fairly remarkable presence of bodily constituents at the anatomical, histological, and molecular levels.

Inhibiting the proliferation and metastasis of hilar cholangiocarcinoma cells by blocking the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor with small interfering RNA.

The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the proliferation and metastasis of hilar cholangiocarcinoma cells can be suppressed and whether apoptosis can be induced by small interfering RNA (siRNA) repression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). siRNA sequences targeting the gene were designed and the human hilar cholangiocarcinoma QBC939, HCCC-9810 and RBE cell lines were transfected with VEGF-siRNA plasmids for 48 h. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting measured the levels of VEGF-A, VEGF-C and matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) mRNA expression and protein content.

Silencing of CXCR4 inhibits tumor cell proliferation and neural invasion in human hilar cholangiocarcinoma.

Background/aims: To evaluate the expression of CXC motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) in the tissues of patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma (hilar-CCA) and to investigate the cell proliferation and frequency of neural invasion (NI) influenced by RNAi-mediated CXCR4 silencing.

Methods: An immunohistochemical technique was used to detect the expression of CXCR4 in 41 clinical tissues, including hilar-CCA, cholangitis, and normal bile duct tissues. The effects of small interference RNA (siRNA)-mediated CXCR4 silencing were detected in the hilar-CCA cell line QBC939.

In vitro neuraotropic growth of cholangiocarcinoma: an experimental study.

Objective: Perineural invasion of cholangiocarcinoma happens in the early stage of the disease but is often not recognized until its later stages. Research about the behaviour and mechanism of perineural invasion by cholangiocarcinoma is urgently needed for a useful new model. The aim of this work is to establish a novel model to address the problem.

A Disintegrin and Metalloprotease with Thrombospondin Motif 2 May Contribute to Cirrhosis in Humans through the Transforming Growth Factor-β/SMAD Pathway.

Background/aims: We aimed to investigate the correlation between a disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin motif 2 (ADAMTS-2) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in clinical human cirrhotic tissues.

Methods: The liver tissues of 24 patients (16 cases with cirrhotic portal hypertension as the cirrhosis group and eight cases with healthy livers as the normal group) were collected. Immunohistochemistry and Western blots were performed to evaluate the protein expression levels of ADAMTS-2 and TGF-β1.

A standard approach to expose the recurrent laryngeal nerve during endoscopic thyroidectomy.

Purpose: Exposing the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) during all types of thyroid surgery is essential to protect this nerve. Endoscopic thyroidectomy (ET) has gained acceptance from both patients and physicians, in part due to the cosmetic benefits. Therefore, the avoidance of intraoperative RLN impairment during ET is of critical significance.

[The effect of sevoflurane inhalation anesthesia only and propofol total intravenous anesthesia on perioperative cytokine balance in lung cancer patients].

Aim: To investigate the effects of sevoflurane inhalation anesthesia only and propofol total intravenous anesthesia on perioperative cytokine balance in lung cancer patients.

Methods: ASA I or II patients undergoing lobectomy for lung cancer were randomly divided into two groups with 45 cases each. In group A, patients received g sevoflurane inhalation anesthesia only and patients in group B received propofol total intravenous anesthesia.

Fibro-C-Index: comprehensive, morphology-based quantification of liver fibrosis using second harmonic generation and two-photon microscopy.

We develop a standardized, fully automated, quantification system for liver fibrosis assessment using second harmonic generation microscopy and a morphology-based quantification algorithm. Liver fibrosis is associated with an abnormal increase in collagen as a result of chronic liver diseases. Histopathological scoring is the most commonly used method for liver fibrosis assessment, where a liver biopsy is stained and scored by experienced pathologists.

Tumor-enhancing activity of Basigin expression in gallbladder carcinoma and its prognostic role.

Basigin (EMMPRIN/CD147) is a multifunctional membrane glycoprotein that is overexpressed in many solid tumors and is involved in tumor invasion and angiogenesis. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the tumor-enhancing activity of Basigin in a gallbladder carcinoma (GC) cell line and in primary GC tissues. A system that blocks Basigin in the human primary GC cell line GBC-SD was developed using RNA interference.

[Expression and clinical significance of highly expressed protein in cancer (Hec 1) in human primary gallbladder carcinoma].

Aim: To investigate the relationship between the expression of highly expressed protein in cancer (Hec 1) and infiltration, metastasis and prognosis of human primary gallbladder carcinoma (PGC).

Methods: The expression of Hec 1 in was detected 108 patients with PGC by SABC immunohistochemistry with 15 cases of chronic cholecystitis as control. Then, a 5 year follow-up was carnedout in 96 out of 108 patients to analyze the correlation between Hec 1 and prognosis of the patients.

Microfabricated silicon nitride membranes for hepatocyte sandwich culture.

We have developed a hepatocyte sandwich culture with improved mass transport properties based on ultra-thin microfabricated porous silicon nitride (Si(3)N(4)) membranes. The dimensions and uniformity of the membrane pores can be configurable, which confers more control over the mass transport. Instead of collagen gels used in conventional sandwich culture, we utilized galactose ligands immobilized on the Si(3)N(4) membranes to support hepatocyte attachment and function in the sandwich culture.

[Surgical treatment of 2465 primary hepatolithiasis cases].

Objective: To summarize the experience of surgical treatment of primary hepatolithiasis.

Methods: To analyze the clinical data, operation choice, postoperative complications of 2465 cases of primary hepatolithiasis retrospectively.

Results: Of the patients, 2034 received external drainage (82.

[Expression of Ang2 and Tie2 and their relation with the angiogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma in rats].

Objective: To investigate the relationship between the expression of Ang2, Tie2 and the angiogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma in rats.

Methods: Thirty-eight healthy male rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: 5 rats in the control group; 25 rats in the experimental group were equally divided into 5-day, 10-day, 15-day, 20-day, and 25-day groups; the other 8 rats were used as the supplement of the experimental group. An allogenic transplanted rat model of CBRH-7919 hepatocellular carcinoma in situ was established by immunosuppression.

[Effect of Bcl-2 antisense phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides on bile duct carcinoma cell line QBC939].

Objective: To investigate the effect of Bcl-2 antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (ASODN) on the cell proliferation and Bcl-2 expression in bile duct carcinoma cell line QBC939.

Methods: Bcl-2 ASODN and control sequence were transfected into cell line QBC939 by Lipofectamine 2000. The changes of Bcl-2 protein were detected by Western blot.

[Androgen receptor and SMRT].

Objective: To explore the interaction between androgen receptor (AR) and silencing mediator for retinoid and thyroid hormone receptor (SMRT) and their interaction site. Methods We recombined and constructed AR, SMRT gene and gene fragments, in vitro translated 35S fusion proteins to investigate the relationship between AR and SMRT using transient transfection, mammalian two-hybrid test, GST pull-down assay, and indirect immunofluorescence staining. Results AR possessed an intrinsic transcriptional repression activity and AR interacted directly with SMRT.

Diagnostic and surgical therapeutic features of extrahepatic bile duct carcinoma without jaundice.

Aim: To analyze the diagnostic and therapeutic features of extrahepatic bile duct carcinoma (EBDC) without jaundice.

Methods: Between 1985 and 1999, 101 patients underwent surgery for EBDC in Xiangya Hospital. These patients were divided into two groups: 84 jaundiced patients and 17 non-jaundiced patients according to preoperative serum total bilirubin levels.