Evidence suggests that the motivation and pleasure deficit of negative symptoms determines the social functioning in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder. Alexithymia is defined as the diminished ability to identify and describe emotion feelings, and influences patients' social functioning. However, little is known regarding the relationship between motivation and pleasure, alexithymia, and social functioning in nonclinical populations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnhedonia is believed to be transdiagnostic symptom exist in various disorders including schizophrenia, major depressive disorder, and autism spectrum disorder. However, very few studies attempted to profile subclinical samples with schizophrenia, depressive, and autistic symptoms using measures of anhedonia scales. This study adopted a cluster analytical approach to examine the anhedonia profile in 46 individuals with schizotypal trait (ST), 43 subthreshold depression (SD), 27 autistic trait (AT), and 41 healthy controls.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Hypothesis: Psychiatric comorbidities suggest that symptoms overlap across different diagnoses; the transdiagnostic network approach is valuable for studying psychopathology. Childhood trauma is a common transdiagnostic risk factor for psychiatric disorders, but the complex relationship between childhood trauma and psychopathology has seldom been investigated using a large cross-sectional transdiagnostic sample.
Study Design: This study recruited 869 patients with different diagnoses, including 418 schizophrenia, 215 bipolar disorder, and 236 major depressive disorder.
Theory of mind (ToM) and empathy are considered key components of social cognition that are often impaired in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). However, it remains unclear whether individuals with high levels of autistic traits exhibit similar impairments in these two functions. This study examined the affective and cognitive domains of ToM and empathy in individuals with high levels of autistic traits.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnhedonia and amotivation are core symptoms of schizophrenia (SCZ) and major depressive disorder (MDD). Reward processing involves constructing and contrasting the representations for expected value (EV) and outcome value (OV) of a given stimulus, a phenomenon termed range adaptation. Impaired range adaptation can lead to anhedonia and amotivation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRange adaptation refers to the representation of a stimulus value based on its relative position in the range of pre-experienced values. Altered range adaptation in value representation may be related to motivation and pleasure (MAP) deficit in schizophrenia (SCZ). This follow-up study examined the relationship between range adaptation performance and MAP symptoms in SCZ patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study applied two incentive delay tasks involving social and non-social incentive types to 76 pairs of participants with high and low depressive symptoms. The results suggest that higher levels of depressive symptoms are correlated with abnormalities in social and non-social reward processing even in the healthy populations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInteroception, the sense of the physiological condition of our body, is impaired in individuals with autism spectrum disorders. Evidence suggests that subclinical autistic traits are mild manifestations of autistic symptoms, present in the general population. We examined the resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) associating with interoception and autistic traits in 62 healthy young adults.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReward motivation in individuals with high levels of negative schizotypal traits (NS) has been found to be lower than that in their counterparts. But it is unclear that whether their reward motivation adaptively changes with external effort-reward ratio, and what resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) is associated with this change. Thirty-five individuals with high levels of NS and 44 individuals with low levels of NS were recruited.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis sequential mediation analysis study examined how the baseline effort-reward imbalance (ERI) would predict reward motivation 1 year later in 435 college students. We found that negative/disorganized schizotypal traits and anticipatory pleasure experience together mediate the prediction of ERI for reward motivation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: Childhood trauma (CT) has been found to increase the risk of developing schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders. Little is known regarding the complex interplay between CT, subclinical psychotic, and affective symptoms in the general population. This cross-sectional study adopted network analysis to examine such a complex relationship.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with deficits in emotion experience, expression and regulation. Whilst emotion regulation deficits prolong MDD, emotion expression influences symptomatic presentations, and anticipatory pleasure deficits predict recurrence risk. Profiling MDD patients from an emotion componential perspective can characterize subtypes with different clinical and functional outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe anterior insula (AI) has the central role in coordinating attention and integrating information from multiple sensory modalities. AI dysfunction may contribute to both sensory and social impairments in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Little is known regarding the brain mechanisms that guide multisensory integration, and how such neural activity might be affected by autistic-like symptoms in the general population.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEmotion processing and beliefs about pleasure can influence the development and severity of depressive symptoms. This cluster analysis study aimed to profile a large sample of college students using pleasure experience, emotion expression and regulation as well as beliefs about pleasure. We also aimed to validate the resultant clusters in terms of depressive symptoms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci
August 2023
Altered social reward anticipation could be found in schizophrenia (SCZ) patients and individuals with high levels of social anhedonia (SA). However, few research investigated the putative neural processing for altered social reward anticipation in these populations on the SCZ spectrum. This study aimed to examine the underlying neural mechanisms of social reward anticipation in these populations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Negative symptoms are core symptom of schizophrenia, and many previous research studied the latent structure of negative symptoms based on a single measurement scale. Applying two second-generation negative symptom scales to the same sample can address measurement-invariance of latent structure.
Methods: Three-hundred-and-five schizophrenia patients were assessed using the CAINS and the BNSS.
Altered hub regions in brain network have been consistently reported in patients with schizophrenia. However, it is unclear whether similar altered hub regions of the brain would be exhibited in individuals with subclinical features of schizophrenia such as social anhedonia (SA). In this study, we examined the hub regions of resting-state social brain network (SBN) of 35 participants with SA and 50 healthy controls (HC).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci
March 2023
The schizotypy construct is useful for studying the effects of environmental stress on development of subclinical negative symptoms. The relationship among self-report motivation, effort-reward imbalance (ERI), and schizotypal features has seldom been studied. We aimed to examine the possible moderation effect of schizotypal traits on ERI and reward motivation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNegative symptoms, particularly the motivation and pleasure (MAP) deficits, are associated with impaired social functioning in patients with schizophrenia (SCZ). However, previous studies seldom examined the role of the MAP on social functioning while accounting for the complex interplay between other psychopathology. This network analysis study examined the network structure and interrelationship between negative symptoms (at the "symptom-dimension" and "symptom-item" levels), other psychopathology and social functioning in a sample of 269 patients with SCZ.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRhamnazin (RN) is a flavonol isolated from the calyxes and fruits of Physalis alkekengi L. var. franchetii (Mast.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Low-pleasure beliefs are found in both patients with schizophrenia (SZ) and individuals with high social anhedonia (SocAnh), and are associated with anhedonia. However, little is known about the development and maintenance of these low-pleasure beliefs in the clinical and subclinical populations. We investigated whether patients with SZ and individuals with high SocAnh have deficits in updating their beliefs, which may contribute to the understanding of the formation and maintenance of low-pleasure beliefs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPsychiatry Res Neuroimaging
November 2021
Social anhedonia (SA) impairs social functioning in schizophrenia. Previous evidence suggested that certain brain regions predict longitudinal change of real-world social outcomes, yet previous study designs have failed to capture the corresponding functional connectivity among the brain regions involved. This study measured the real-world social network in 22 pairs of individuals with high and low levels of SA, and followed up them for 21 months.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTwo new physalins, 7α-hydroxy-5-deoxy-4-dehydrophysalin IX () and 5-deoxy-4-dehydrophysalin IX (), together with six known compounds, luteolin (), luteolin-7--glucoside (), neoechinulin A (), 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)--(4-methylphenyl)-2-propenamide (), physalin D () and blumenol A () were isolated from L. var. (Mast.
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