Bifunctional Organic Spacers for Formamidinium-Based Hybrid Dion-Jacobson Two-Dimensional Perovskite Solar Cells.

Three-dimensional (3D) perovskite materials display remarkable potential in photovoltaics owing to their superior solar-to-electric power conversion efficiency, with current efforts focused on improving stability. Two-dimensional (2D) perovskite analogues feature greater stability toward environmental factors, such as moisture, owing to a hydrophobic organic cation that acts as a spacer between the inorganic layers, which offers a significant advantage over their comparatively less stable 3D analogues. Here, we demonstrate the first example of a formamidinium (FA) containing Dion-Jacobson 2D perovskite material characterized by the BFA Pb I formulation through employing a novel bifunctional organic spacer (B), namely 1,4-phenylenedimethanammonium (PDMA).