Artifacts in two-dimensional shear wave elastography of liver.

Background: Artifacts are common when using two-dimensional shear wave elastography (2-D SWE) to measure liver stiffness (LS), but they are poorly recognized.

Aim: To investigate the presence and influence of artifacts in 2-D SWE of liver.

Methods: We included 158 patients with chronic liver disease, who underwent 2-D SWE examination by a novice and an expert.

Long non-coding RNA SNHG16 decreased SMAD4 to induce gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer via EZH2-mediated epigenetic modification.

Gemcitabine resistance (GR) in pancreatic cancer (PC) results in poor patient outcomes. SMAD family member (Smad4) dysregulation is a significant role of GR in PC, and EZH2 is involved in Smad4 expression in tumor progression. Interestingly, lncRNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 16 (SNHG16) might interact with EZH2, indicating a potential pathway to overcome gemcitabine-resistant PC progression.

Attenuating glucose metabolism by promotes Taxol sensitivity of colon cancer cells through downregulating oxidase 1 ().

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC), one of the most common malignancies worldwide, is associated with poor survival and has a high mortality rate. Taxol is a chemotherapeutic agent that has been clinically applied as a first-line drug against diverse cancers. Yet, development of drug resistance has become the major challenge for anti-cancer treatments.

Transanal minimally invasive surgery endoscopic mucosal resection for rectal benign tumors and rectal carcinoids: A retrospective analysis.

Background: Transanal minimally invasive surgery (TAMIS) is a good choice for resection of rectal neoplasms. Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is also widely used in the treatment of benign rectal tumors such as rectal polyps and rectal adenomas. However, no studies have compared the outcome of TAMIS and EMR.

Structural shift of gut microbiota during chemo-preventive effects of epigallocatechin gallate on colorectal carcinogenesis in mice.

Aim: To investigate the effect of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) on structural changes of gut microbiota in colorectal carcinogenesis.

Methods: An azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model was established. Forty-two female FVB/N mice were randomly divided into the following three groups: group 1 (10 mice, negative control) was treated with vehicle, group 2 (16 mice, positive control) was treated with AOM plus vehicle, and group 3 (16 mice, EG) was treated with AOM plus EGCG.

Suppression of colorectal tumorigenesis by recombinant enterotoxin-2 .

Aim: To evaluate the impact of recombinant enterotoxin-2 (BFT-2, or Fragilysin) on colorectal tumorigenesis in mice induced by azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium (AOM/DSS).

Methods: Recombinant proBFT-2 was expressed in strain Rosetta (DE3) and BFT-2 was obtained and tested for its biological activity colorectal adenocarcinoma cell strains SW-480. Seventy C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into a blank (BC; = 10), model (AD; = 20), model + low-dose toxin (ADLT; = 20, 10 μg), and a model + high-dose toxin (ADHT; = 20, 20 μg) group.

Evaluation of specific fecal protein biochips for the diagnosis of colorectal cancer.

Aim: To develop and initially test a potential fecal protein biochip for the screening of colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods: Fecal protein from 20 colorectal cancer patients and 20 healthy controls were extracted from all of the fecal samples and screened for proteomic differences using a Biotin label-based protein array. Candidate proteins were then verified by ELISA.