Hydroxocobalamin: An Effective Treatment for Flushing and Persistent Erythema in Rosacea.

Background: Expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS) is higher in rosacea skin samples than in normal skin controls. Hydroxocobalamin is a potent inhibitor of all isoforms of NOS, capable of reducing the vasodilatations induced by nitric oxide.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the role of hydroxocobalamin in treating facial flushing and persistent erythema of rosacea.

Rosacea with persistent facial erythema and high Demodex density effectively treated with topical ivermectin alone or combined with oral carvedilol.

Topical ivermectin is effective in treating papulopustular rosacea, but its effect on persistent facial erythema of rosacea with high Demodex densities has not been well documented. We retrospectively reviewed 39 rosacea patients with persistent facial erythema and high Demodex densities. Clinician's erythema assessment (CEA) and Demodex density were evaluated before and after topical ivermectin alone or combined with oral carvedilol.

A new superficial needle-scraping method for assessing Demodex density in papulopustular rosacea.

Background: Standardized skin surface biopsy (SSSB) is often performed to determine the density of Demodex mites in facial papulopustular eruptions.

Aim: We aimed to test the applicability of a new, "superficial needle-scraping" (SNS) method for assessing Demodex density in papulopustular rosacea (PPR).

Patients And Methods: Using SNS method, we measured the Demodex density in patients with PPR, also enrolling the patients with acne vulgaris as controls.