Lethal effects of tea-oil Camellia on honeybee larvae due to pollen toxicity.

Toxicity tests on tea-oil Camellia flowers (Camellia oleifera) indicated that its pollen harmed honeybee larvae significantly more than pollen from oilseed rape (Brassica napus) flowers. The C. oleifera pollen contained high levels of the toxic triterpenoid theasaponin, which was undetectable in nectar.

[Simulation of PM Concentration Based on Optimized Indexes of 2D/3D Urban Form].

It is well known that urban forms can affect the source distribution and diffusion process of air pollution; however, practical quantitative methods and models on alleviating urban air pollution by optimizing urban form indexes are lacking. Using Chang Sha city as an example, we quantitatively analyzed the PM concentration distribution in terms of 2D/3D urban form indexes (e.g.

Mitochondrial genome of Babesia orientalis, apicomplexan parasite of water buffalo (Bubalus babalis, Linnaeus, 1758) endemic in China.

Background: Apicomplexan parasites of the genus Babesia, Theileria and Plasmodium are very closely related organisms. Interestingly, their mitochondrial (mt) genomes are highly divergent. Among Babesia, Babesia orientalis is a new species recently identified and specifically epidemic to the southern part of China, causing severe disease to water buffalo.

Occurrence of Theileria and Babesia species in water buffalo (Bubalus babalis, Linnaeus, 1758) in the Hubei province, South China.

The presence and prevalence of tick-borne haemoparasites in water buffalo from the Hubei province, south China was investigated using the reverse line blot (RLB) hybridization assay and phylogenetic analysis of the parasite 18S rRNA gene. Theileria buffeli (19.1%) was the most frequently found species in all of the locations, followed by Babesia orientalis (8.

Development and evaluation of real-time PCR assay for the detection of Babesia orientalis in water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis, Linnaeus, 1758).

Babesia orientalis is the causative agent of babesiosis in water buffalo (Bubalus babalis, Linnaeus, 1758). In this study, a TaqMan real-time PCR assay was developed for quantitative detection of B. orientalis in water buffalo.