Insect population control using pesticides faces new challenges as global temperatures change. Symbiotic bacteria of insects play a key role in insect resistance to pesticides, and these symbiotic bacteria themselves are sensitive to the effects of temperature changes. , a sucking pest, survives in a wide range of temperatures (15°C-35°C), and is presently controlled predominantly using the pesticide imidacloprid.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Plant Sci
November 2024
Aphids are insects that feed on phloem and introduce effector proteins into plant cells through saliva. These effector proteins are key in regulating host plant defense and enhancing aphid host adaptation. We identified these salivary proteins in the cotton aphids genome and named them AgoArmet and AgoC002.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) is a significant complication in type 2 diabetes (T2D) and may be more common in women. We aimed to evaluate the sex differences and sex-specific clinical determinants of CMD in adults with T2D without prevalent cardiovascular disease.
Methods: Single center pooled analysis of four prospective studies comparing asymptomatic people with T2D and controls.
Background: Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) is a special type of low-intensity ultrasound. In periodontal disease, LIPUS is applied as an adjuvant and non-invasive treatment. It has been reported that LIPUS significantly shifts the macrophage phenotype from M1 to M2, but the specific mechanism behind this shift is still unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSurg Infect (Larchmt)
November 2024
This study employed uni-variable and multi-variable Mendelian randomization (MVMR) analyses, utilizing publicly available genome-wide association study (GWAS) data, to assess the causal relationship between body composition measures such as body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and the occurrence of surgical site infection (SSI). GWAS summary statistical data were obtained for BMI, WC, and SSI from the MRC Integrated Epidemiology Unit (MRC-IEU) database, inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was used as the main analysis, and supplement sensitivity analysis (including heterogeneity test, pleiotropy analysis, leave-one-out analysis, and Mendelian Randomization Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier (MR-PRESSO)) was used to check the robustness of the results. The MR analysis showed that the increase in BMI and WC predicted by genes had a substantial causal effect on the incidence of SSI (IVW: odds ratio [OR] = 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWhat Is Already Known About This Topic?: Interventions aimed at modifying lifestyle behaviors can effectively reduce the risk of depression among adolescents. These lifestyle behaviors tend to be interconnected; thus, changes to one behavior can often lead to changes in others, usually occurring simultaneously.
What Is Added By This Report?: Adolescents from Jiangsu Province displayed distinct lifestyle patterns, with those engaging in multiple specific behaviors, such as excessive consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and prolonged screen time, showing increased odds of depression.
Grapevine breeding is hindered by a limited understanding of the genetic basis of complex agronomic traits. This study constructs a graph-based pangenome reference (Grapepan v.1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Aerobic exercise capacity is an independent predictor of mortality in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), but the central mechanisms contributing to exercise intolerance in DCM are unknown. The aim of this study was to characterize coronary microvascular function in DCM and determine if cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) measures are associated with aerobic exercise capacity.
Methods: Prospective case-control comparison of adults with DCM and matched controls.
Multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder are two debilitating inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the CNS. Although grey matter alterations have been linked to both multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder in observational studies, it is unclear whether these associations indicate causal relationships between these diseases and grey matter changes. Therefore, we conducted a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis to investigate the causal relationships between 202 grey matter imaging-derived phenotypes (33 224 individuals) and multiple sclerosis (47 429 cases and 68 374 controls) as well as neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (215 cases and 1244 controls).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEutrophication is a critical environmental challenge affecting lakes globally. Mitigating trophic level under endogenous phosphorus release is an unsolved problem in eutrophic lakes. However, understanding the dynamics and assembly of microbial communities encoding the alkaline phosphatase (phoD community) and their responses during trophic transitions in eutrophic lakes is limited.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLeaf senescence is a developmental program regulated by both endogenous and environmental cues. Abiotic stresses such as nutrient deprivation can induce premature leaf senescence, which profoundly impacts plant growth and crop yield. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying stress-induced senescence are not fully understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the biomechanical effects of four different designs of frog appliances for molar distalization using finite element analysis.
Methods: A three-dimensional finite element model including complete dentition, periodontal ligament, palatine, and alveolar bone was established. Four types of frog appliances were designed to simulate maxillary molar distalization: tooth-button-borne (Type A), bone-borne (Type B), bone-button-borne (Type C), and tooth-bone-borne (Type D) frog appliances.
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry
December 2024
A high-fat diet can cause health problems, such as hyperlipidemia, obesity, cardiovascular disease, and metabolic disorders. Dietary supplementation with beneficial microbes might reduce the detrimental effects of a high-fat diet by modulating the gut microbiome, metabolic pathways and metabolites. This study assessed the effects of HNU312 ( HNU312) on blood lipid levels, fat accumulation, inflammation and the gut microbiome in mice on a high-fat diet.
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