Phylogenetic analysis and transmission networks highlight the role of older adults in the transmission of HIV-1 in northern Zhejiang, China.

Background: In China, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) poses a significant challenge to older heterosexual adults. This study explored the transmission dynamics of HIV infection among older adults in northern Zhejiang Province, China using phylogenetic analysis and transmission networks.

Methods: HIV pol sequences without any antiretroviral therapy were obtained from newly diagnosed HIV-positive patients in Huzhou between 2017 and 2022.

Hyaluronic acid-liposomes hybridized with HucMSC exosomes for enhanced exosomes transdermal delivery and acute skin photodamage repair.

Long-term exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation can damage human skin, resulting in photodamage. Repairing photodamaged skin has been a major focus of research in recent years. Extensive research has shown that human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (Exo) possess anti-inflammatory, pro-angiogenic, and wound healing properties, holding great potential for treating skin damage.

Risk factor analysis and nomogram model of DVT in hip fracture patients at hospital admission.

Background: The incidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) on the first day of hospitalization in patients with hip fractures is as high as 42%, significantly impacting perioperative safety and, in severe cases, leading to patient mortality. This study aims to develop a diagnostic model based on the available demographic variables, comorbidities, and laboratory test results at admission in patients with hip fractures, and to evaluate its diagnostic performance.

Methods: This study retrospectively collected clinical data from 238 patients with hip fractures admitted to the Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University between January 2019 and December 2021.

Molecular Network Characteristics and Drug Resistance Analysis Among Newly Diagnosed Persons Living with HIV-1 in Hefei, China (2017-2022).

Molecular transmission networks are being used with increasing frequency to study HIV-1 transmission patterns and to develop precise intervention strategies for high-risk populations. Here, we analyzed the molecular transmission networks of newly diagnosed patients with HIV-1 in Hefei City, Anhui Province, from 2017 to 2022. Of the 1,413 newly diagnosed HIV-1 sequences, the major genotypes in Hefei were CRF07_BC (600, 42.

Near-infrared light-triggered nitric oxide-releasing hyaluronic acid hydrogel for precision transdermal therapy of androgenic alopecia.

Progressive follicle and vascular atrophy, insufficient nutrient supply, and hormonal imbalance are direct causes of androgenic alopecia (AGA), limiting treatment options. Nitric oxide (NO) has demonstrated significant advantages in cell proliferation, vascular repair, and inflammation regulation. However, precise control of NO concentration and efficient utilization limit its clinical application for AGA treatment.

Pretreatment HIV Drug Resistance to Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors Among Newly Diagnosed HIV Individuals - China, 2018-2023.

Introduction: The widespread adoption of integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) has led to the emergence of INSTI-associated drug-resistance mutations. This cross-sectional study conducted a comprehensive national survey to investigate the prevalence of pretreatment drug resistance (PDR) to INSTIs among newly diagnosed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) individuals in China.

Methods: The study enrolled 10,654 individuals from 31 provincial-level administrative divisions between 2018 and 2023.

Electrostatically tuning radical addition and atom abstraction reactions with distonic radical ions.

Although electrostatic catalysis can enhance the kinetics and selectivity of reactions to produce greener synthetic processes, the highly directional nature of electrostatic interactions has limited widespread application. In this study, the influence of oriented electric fields (OEF) on radical addition and atom abstraction reactions are systematically explored with ion-trap mass spectrometry using structurally diverse distonic radical ions that maintain spatially separated charge and radical moieties. When installed on rigid molecular scaffolds, charged functional groups lock the magnitude and orientation of the internal electric field with respect to the radical site, creating an OEF which tunes the reactivity across the set of gas-phase carbon-centred radical reactions.

High-affinity uric acid clearance based on motile β-CD/F-127 polyrotaxane microspheres for enhanced diabetic wound repair.

Hyperuricemia-related diabetic wounds are notoriously difficult to treat due to elevated uric acid (UA) levels, excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), and chronic inflammation. Current therapies often fail to address these underlying causes, underscoring the need for innovative approaches that not only clear UA but also mitigate inflammation and promote tissue regeneration. In this study, we developed a polyrotaxane-based microsphere (HPR MS) system conjugated with 4,5-diamino-2-thiouracil (DT) to achieve high-affinity UA clearance without increasing cytotoxicity.

National and Regional Molecular Epidemiology of HIV-1 - China, 2004-2023.

Introduction: The genetic diversity of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 subtypes significantly influences the effectiveness of diagnostic tools, antiretroviral therapy (ART), and vaccine development. This study aimed to assess the regional and national prevalence of HIV-1 subtypes and recombinants in China between 2004 and 2023 using pol gene segment analysis.

Methods: We analyzed annual HIV/AIDS reports and pol gene segment sequences from all Chinese provinces between 2004 and 2023.

In search of herbistasis: COT-metsulfuron methyl displays rare herbistatic properties.

Weed management is an essential intervention for maintaining food security and protecting biodiversity but is heavily reliant on chemical control measures (, herbicides). Concerningly, only one herbicide has been developed with a new mode of action (MOA) since the 1980s. Therefore, alternative strategies for preventing weed growth need to be explored.

Unconventional Anomalous Hall Effect Driven by Self-Intercalation in Covalent 2D Magnet CrTe.

Covalent 2D magnets such as CrTe, which feature self-intercalated magnetic cations located between monolayers of transition-metal dichalcogenide material, offer a unique platform for controlling magnetic order and spin texture, enabling new potential applications for spintronic devices. Here, it is demonstrated that the unconventional anomalous Hall effect (AHE) in CrTe, characterized by additional humps and dips near the coercive field in AHE hysteresis, originates from an intrinsic mechanism dictated by the self-intercalation. This mechanism is distinctly different from previously proposed mechanisms such as topological Hall effect, or two-channel AHE arising from spatial inhomogeneities.

Identification of immune-associated genes for the diagnosis of ulcerative colitis-associated carcinogenesis via integrated bioinformatics analysis.

Background: UC patients suffer more from colorectal cancer (CRC) than the general population, which increases with disease duration. Early colonoscopy is difficult because ulcerative colitis-associated colorectal cancer (UCAC) lesions are flat and multifocal. Our study aimed to identify promising UCAC biomarkers that are complementary endoscopy strategies in the early stages.

Development and evaluation of a CRISPR/Cas12a-based diagnostic test for rapid detection and genotyping of HR-HPV in clinical specimens.

Persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) is the principal etiological factor of cervical cancer. Considering the gradual progression of cervical cancer, the early, rapid, sensitive, and specific identification of HPV, particularly HR-HPV types, is crucial in halting the advancement of the illness. Here, we established a rapid, highly sensitive, and specific HR-HPV detection platform, leveraging the CRISPR/Cas12a assay in conjunction with multienzyme isothermal rapid amplification.

Functional diversity and regulation of IL-9-producing T cells in cancer immunotherapy.

IL-9-producing T cells (T9) regulate immunological responses that affect various cellular biological processes, though their precise function remains fully understood. Previous studies have linked T9 cells to conditions such as allergic disorders, parasitic infection clearance, and various types of cancers. While the functional heterogeneity of IL-9 and T9 cells in cancer development has been documented, these cells present promising therapeutic opportunities for treating solid tumors.

Prediction model for the quantity and density of first-order branches of in eastern area of Liaoning Province, China.

As an important branch characteristic factor, the quantity of branches could influence crown structure, tree growth, and wood quality. Taking plantation in Dagujia Forest Farm, Qingyuan County, Liao-ning Province as the research object, we developed a mixed effect prediction model of the first-order branches quantity of including sprouting branches based on the negative binomial distribution model, and a mixed effect prediction model of the first-order branches density of including sprouting branches based on the negative exponential model. The results showed that the mixed effect model considering sample level as the random effect effectively decreased the heteroscedasticity and autocorrelation.

Insights into the molecular network characteristics of major HIV-1 subtypes in developed Eastern China: a study based on comprehensive molecular surveillance data.

Purpose: This study aimed to conduct a comprehensive molecular epidemiology study of major HIV-1 subtypes in developed Eastern China (Zhejiang Province).

Methods: Plasma samples and epidemiological information were collected from 4180 newly diagnosed HIV-1 positive patients in Zhejiang Province in 2021. Pol sequences were obtained to determine the subtypes via multiple analytical tools.

Molecular transmission network analysis reveals the challenge of HIV-1 in ageing patients in China: elderly people play a crucial role in the transmission of subtypes and high pretreatment drug resistance in developed Eastern China, 2019-2023.

Background: The number and proportion of HIV/AIDS patients among older people are continuously and rapidly increasing in China. We conducted a detailed molecular epidemiological analysis of HIV-1 epidemic strains in a developed city in eastern China and found that elderly people play a crucial role in the transmission of subtypes and high pretreatment drug resistance (PDR).

Methods: A total of 1048 samples were obtained from 1129 (92.

Prognostic factors of patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer following neoadjuvant therapy: Development and validation of a predictive nomogram.

Objective: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer exhibits an aggressive phenotype and poor prognosis. The application of neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) in patients with breast cancer can significantly reduce the risks of disease recurrence and improve survival. By integrating different clinicopathological factors, nomograms are valuable tools for prognosis prediction.

The role of mesenchymal stem cells in cancer and prospects for their use in cancer therapeutics.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are recruited by malignant tumor cells to the tumor microenvironment (TME) and play a crucial role in the initiation and progression of malignant tumors. This role encompasses immune evasion, promotion of angiogenesis, stimulation of cancer cell proliferation, correlation with cancer stem cells, multilineage differentiation within the TME, and development of treatment resistance. Simultaneously, extensive research is exploring the homing effect of MSCs and MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (MSCs-EVs) in tumors, aiming to design them as carriers for antitumor substances.