Therapeutic potential of total flavonoids of Rhizoma Drynariae: inhibiting adipogenesis and promoting osteogenesis via MAPK/HIF-1α pathway in primary osteoporosis.

Aim: This study seeks to confirm the therapeutic effectiveness of TRFD in inhibiting adipogenesis and promoting osteogenesis in primary osteoporosis through the MAPK/HIF-1α signaling pathway. C57BL/6J mice underwent ovariectomy (OVX) to induce osteoporosis. Mice were administered TRFD (Low and high doses)estradiol for a duration of 12 weeks.

Unraveling Compressive Strain and Oxygen Vacancy Effect of Iridium Oxide for Proton-Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzers.

Iridium-based electrocatalysts are commonly regarded as the sole stable operating acidic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts in proton-exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE), but the linear scaling relationship (LSR) of multiple reaction intermediates binding inhibits the enhancement of its activity. Herein, the compressive strain and oxygen vacancy effect exists in iridium dioxide (IrO)-based catalyst by a doping engineering strategy for efficient acidic OER activity. In situ synchrotron characterizations elucidate that compressive strain can enhance Ir─O covalency and reduce the Ir─Ir bond distance, and oxygen vacancy (O) as an electronic regulator causes rapid adsorption of water molecules on the Ir and adjacent Ov (Ir─O) pair site to be coupled directly into O─O intermediates.

The prevalence and correlation of cancer-related fatigue and locomotive syndrome in geriatric cancer patients.

Objective: To explore the relationship between cancer-related fatigue (CRF) and locomotive syndrome (LS) among Chinese older adults with cancer.

Methods: This study was a cross-sectional survey. Staged random sampling method was employed to enroll 500 geriatric cancer patients from the Oncology Center of Jiangnan University Hospital in Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China.

TGMT: A Terminology-Guided Multi-Task Approach for Lung Cancer CT Report Generation.

Computed tomography (CT) is an indispensable examination of lung cancer screening, diagnosis, and staging. Writing accurate and comprehensive CT reports takes years of diagnostic experience and extensive medical knowledge and is usually tedious, time-consuming, and error-prone for radiologists. In this study, we proposed a Terminology-Guided Multi-Task (TGMT) approach to automatically generate CT reports for lung cancer patients.

Accessing Arenes via the Hydrodeoxygenation of Phenolic Derivatives Enabled by Hydrazine.

Hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) is an effective method for converting lignin and its derived phenolic compounds to value-added aromatic chemicals and fuels. Efforts to exploit molecular hydrogen have been made to remove the hydroxyl group in lignin-derived phenolic compounds to make them appealing for the chemical industry. However, these processes rely on high pressure and expensive catalysts, presenting challenges in terms of safety, hydrogen storage, and cost-effectiveness.

Assessing left ventricular function in patients with hyperthyroidism across varied heart rates via press-strain loop analysis: a retrospective cross-sectional study.

Background: In the early stages of hyperthyroidism (HTH), cardiovascular symptoms are not prominent, and heart function impairment may occur before structural changes. The non-invasive left ventricular (LV) pressure-strain loop (PSL) allows for early, quantitative assessment of changes in LV systolic function. However, previous studies have not grouped hyperthyroid patients based on the presence or absence of tachycardia.

A long-term decline in downward surface solar radiation.

Downward surface solar radiation (DSSR) is critical for the Earth system. It is well-known that DSSR over land has fluctuated on decadal timescales in the past. By utilizing a combination of station observations and the latest CMIP6 simulations, here we show that DSSR had a global consistent decline during 1959-2014, with comparable contributions from greenhouse gases (GHGs) and anthropogenic aerosols.

The effect of locomotive syndrome on the trajectory of sleep disturbance in geriatric oncology inpatients.

Objective: To explore the developmental trajectory of sleep disturbance in geriatric oncology inpatients and assess the impact of locomotive syndrome (LS) on this trajectory.

Methods: This longitudinal study enrolled 284 geriatric oncology inpatients through convenience sampling from August 2023 to February 2024 at the Oncology Center of the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China. Sleep quality was monitored for seven days following admission (T0-T6) using a wrist motion analyzer.

Impact of nasal high-flow humidified oxygen therapy on oxygenation index and respiratory function in patients with Stanford Type B aortic dissection and hypoxemia.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of nasal high-flow humidified oxygen therapy (HFHO) in improving oxygenation and respiratory function.

Methods: This retrospective analysis included 193 patients with Stanford Type B aortic dissection and hypoxemia admitted to Xingtai People's Hospital from January 2020 to January 2023. Patients were divided into two groups: HFHO (n = 107) and conventional oxygen therapy (CO, n = 125).

Depression and anxiety in Chinese patients hospitalized with primary headache: A cross-sectional multicenter study.

Background: Primary headache and psychiatric diseases are bidirectional correlated. The real-world data of depression and anxiety in Chinese patients hospitalized for primary headache, considering all subtypes, remain unclear.

Methods: This study enrolled patients attending eight Chinese headache centers from October 2022 to September 2023.

Influence of early rehabilitation nursing on postoperative rehabilitation of patients with hallux valgus based on information-motivation-behavior skills model.

Objective: To probe the influence of early rehabilitation nursing on postoperative rehabilitation of patients with hallux valgus on the basis of information-motivation-behavior skills (IMB) model.

Methods: Convenience sampling was adopted, and 80 patients with hallux valgus admitted to the Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University from July 2020 to July 2022 were randomly separated into control group (CG) and observation group (OG) with 40 patients in each group according to the time of admission. Patients in the CG received routine nursing and rehabilitation guidance and follow-up.

Unveiling unexpected adverse events: post-marketing safety surveillance of gilteritinib and midostaurin from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting database.

Background: Gilteritinib and midostaurin are FLT3 inhibitors that have made significant progress in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. However, their real-world safety profile in a large sample population is incomplete.

Objectives: We aimed to provide a pharmacovigilance study of the adverse events (AEs) associated with gilteritinib and midostaurin through the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database.

Metallothionein rescues doxorubicin cardiomyopathy via mitigation of cuproptosis.

Doxorubicin (DOX), a chemotherapeutic agent utilized in the management of cancer, provokes cardiotoxicity although effective remedy is lacking. Given that DOX provokes oxidative stress and cell death in cardiomyocytes, this study evaluated the possible involvement of cuproptosis, a newly identified form of cell death, in DOX-instigated cardiac remodeling and contractile dysfunction, alongside the impact of the heavy metal scavenger metallothionein (MT) on DOX cardiomyopathy. Cardiac-specific MT transgenic and wild-type (WT) mice were treated with DOX (5 mg/kg/wk.

Correlation Between Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth: Analysis of Intestinal Microbiome and Metabolic Characteristics.

Background: Our study examines the relationship between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), focusing on the potential impact of acid-suppressive drugs. We also explore changes in gut microbiota and metabolism in patients with both conditions.

Methods: This study included patients from the Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, between February 2021 and November 2023.

Osteochondral lesions of the talus with small cysts may not affect the outcome of arthroscopic microfracture: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The optimal treatment of Osteochondral lesion of the talus (OLT) for subchondral bone cysts (SBCs) has not been finalized. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to define whether OLT with small SBCs will affect the clinical outcomes of OLTs after arthroscopic microfracture.

Methods: We searched the Embase, Cochrane Library and PubMed databases up to May 13, 2024 for eligible comparative studies.

Network pharmacology and molecular docking to explore the potential mechanism of chlorogenic acid in septic acute liver injury and experimental validation of TLR4/NF-κB pathway in vivo.

The objective of this study was to investigate the biological activities and mechanisms of chlorogenic acid (CGA) in the treatment of septic acute liver injury (SALI) based on the network pharmacology, molecular docking, in vivo studies, and other techniques. Chlorogenic acid and potential related targets of septic acute liver injury were searched from the public databases. Then, the protein-protein interaction (PPI), Gene Ontology (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were conducted.

Multi-objective observational constraint of tropical Atlantic and Pacific low-cloud variability narrows uncertainty in cloud feedback.

Tropical marine low cloud feedback is key to the uncertainty in climate sensitivity, and it depends on the warming pattern of sea surface temperatures (SSTs). Here, we empirically constrain this feedback in two major low cloud regions, the tropical Pacific and Atlantic, using interannual variability. Low cloud sensitivities to local SST and to remote SST, represented by lower-troposphere temperature, are poorly captured in many models of the latest global climate model ensemble, especially in the less-studied tropical Atlantic.

Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

Unlabelled: Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), characterized by alterations in both the type and quantity of bacteria in the small intestine, leads to impaired intestinal digestion and absorption that can cause a range of clinical symptoms. Recent studies have identified significant changes in the composition of the small intestinal microbiota and metabolomic profiles of patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). This study systematically reviewed and synthesized the available data to explore the association between SIBO and MASLD.

A Femtosecond Fiber Laser-Based Compact Label-Free Multimodality Nonlinear Optical Microscopy and Its Ex Vivo Bioimaging.

Nonlinear multimode imaging is a versatile tool to realize complex structural and compositional information of biological samples. In this study, we presented a novel integrated multimode nonlinear optical microscopy system by using an Er3 + -doped femtosecond fiber laser. The system could perform second harmonic generation (SHG), third harmonic generation (THG), and three-photon fluorescence (3PEF) imaging modes simultaneously.

Long-Term Outcomes of Stenting for Pulsatile Tinnitus Caused by Cerebral Venous Sinus Stenosis.

Objective: To investigate the long-term outcomes of stenting for isolated pulsatile tinnitus (PT) caused by cerebral venous sinus stenosis.

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Setting: The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital.

Dynamic-Cycling Zinc Sites Promote Ruthenium Oxide for Sub-Ampere Electrochemical Water Oxidation.

Although iridium-based electrocatalysts are commonly regarded as the sole stable operating acidic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts in proton-exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) devices, their exorbitant cost and scarcity severely restrict their widespread application. Herein, we introduce a promising alternative to iridium: zinc-doped ruthenium dioxide (TE-Zn/RuO), which exhibits remarkable and enduring activity for acidic OER. characterizations elucidate that the dynamic cycling of zinc dopants serves as both electron acceptors and donors, facilitating the activation of Ru sites at low overpotentials while thwarting peroxidation at high overpotentials, thus concurrently achieving heightened activity and robust stability.

Geraniin Alleviates Mouse Laser-Induced Choroidal Neovascularisation by Inhibiting Choroidal Endothelial Cell ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/MasR/IL-10 Pathway.

Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs suppress choroidal neovascularisation (CNV), thus improving vision. However, some patients may have a poor response or develop resistance to anti-VEGF drugs. Geraniin (GE), a polyphenol isolated from an herb called Phyllanthus amarus, possesses anti-angiogenic properties.

Modulating the Ruthenium-Cobalt Active Pair with Moderate Spacing for Enhanced Acidic Water Oxidation.

Ruthenium (Ru)-based catalysts have emerged as promising alternatives to Iridium (Ir) catalysts in proton exchange membrane water electrolysis cells due to their lower price and excellent oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity. However, their stability is compromised by generation of unstable high-valence Ru sites and oxygen vacancy in a lattice oxygen-mediated (LOM) pathway. Here, a low-load Ru site on a Barium (Ba)-doped CoO (RuBaCoO) catalyst is developed with abundant Ruthenium─Cobalt (Ru─Co) pairs for enhanced acidic OER activity.