Single-position oblique lumbar interbody fusion with navigation: improved efficiency and screw accuracy compared to dual-position with fluoroscopy.

Dual-position oblique lumbar interbody fusion with fluoroscopy (D-OLIF) requires repositioning the patient to a prone position for pedicle screw insertion. Recently, single-position surgery with navigation has been introduced. However, there are concerns regarding pedicle screw accuracy and achieving appropriate sagittal balance in single-position OLIF with navigation (S-OLIF).

Survey-Based Analysis of the Clinical Treatment Status of Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Korea.

Background: The quality-of-life of patients with irritable bowel syndrome is low; incorrect diagnosis/treatment causes economic burden and inappropriate consumption of medical resources. This survey-based study aimed to analyze the current status of irritable bowel syndrome treatment to examine differences in doctors' perceptions of the disease, and treatment patterns.

Methods: From October 2019 to February 2020, the irritable bowel syndrome and Intestinal Function Research Study Group of the Korean Society of Neurogastroenterology and Motility conducted a survey on doctors working in primary, secondary, and tertiary healthcare institutions.

Optical performance test and validation of microcameras in multiscale, gigapixel imagers.

Wide field-of-view gigapixel imaging systems capable of diffraction-limited resolution and video-rate acquisition have a broad range of applications, including sports event broadcasting, security surveillance, astronomical observation, and bioimaging. The complexity of the system integration of such devices demands precision optical components that are fully characterized and qualified before being integrated into the final system. In this work, we present component and assembly level characterizations of microcameras in our first gigapixel camera, the AWARE-2.

Design of a spherical focal surface using close-packed relay optics: erratum.

A coding error was found in calculating the optimal packing distribution of our geodesic array. The error was corrected and the new optimization results in slightly improved packing density. The overall approach and algorithm remain unchanged.

Oversampled triangulation of AWARE-10 monocentric ball lens using an auto-stigmatic microscope.

In our development of multiscale, gigapixel camera architectures, there is a need for an accurate three-dimensional position alignment of large monocentric lenses relative to hemispherical dome structures. In this work we describe a method for estimating the position of the objective lens in our AWARE-10 four-gigapixel camera using the retro-reflected signal of a custom-designed auto-stigmatic microscope. We show that although the physical constraints of the system limit the numerical aperture of the microscope probe beam to around 0.

A testbed for wide-field, high-resolution, gigapixel-class cameras.

The high resolution and wide field of view (FOV) of the AWARE (Advanced Wide FOV Architectures for Image Reconstruction and Exploitation) gigapixel class cameras present new challenges in calibration, mechanical testing, and optical performance evaluation. The AWARE system integrates an array of micro-cameras in a multiscale design to achieve gigapixel sampling at video rates. Alignment and optical testing of the micro-cameras is vital in compositing engines, which require pixel-level accurate mappings over the entire array of cameras.

Optomechanical design of multiscale gigapixel digital camera.

Recent developments in multiscale imaging systems have opened up the possibility for commercially viable wide-field gigapixel cameras. While multiscale design principles allow tremendous simplification of the optical design, they place increased emphasis on optomechanics and system level integration of the camera as a whole. In this paper we present the optomechanical design of a prototype two-gigapixel system (AWARE-2) that has been constructed and tested.

Design of a spherical focal surface using close-packed relay optics.

This paper presents a design strategy for close-packing circular finite-conjugate optics to create a spherical focal surface. Efficient packing of circles on a sphere is commonly referred to as the Tammes problem and various methods for packing optimization have been investigated, such as iterative point-repulsion simulations. The method for generating the circle distributions proposed here is based on a distorted icosahedral geodesic.

Magnetic assembly of colloidal superstructures with multipole symmetry.

The assembly of complex structures out of simple colloidal building blocks is of practical interest for building materials with unique optical properties (for example photonic crystals and DNA biosensors) and is of fundamental importance in improving our understanding of self-assembly processes occurring on molecular to macroscopic length scales. Here we demonstrate a self-assembly principle that is capable of organizing a diverse set of colloidal particles into highly reproducible, rotationally symmetric arrangements. The structures are assembled using the magnetostatic interaction between effectively diamagnetic and paramagnetic particles within a magnetized ferrofluid.

Traveling wave magnetophoresis for high resolution chip based separations.

A new mode of magnetophoresis is described that is capable of separating micron-sized superparamagnetic beads from complex mixtures with high sensitivity to their size and magnetic moment. This separation technique employs a translating periodic potential energy landscape to transport magnetic beads horizontally across a substrate. The potential energy landscape is created by superimposing an external, rotating magnetic field on top of the local fixed magnetic field distribution near a periodic arrangement of micro-magnets.