Clinical course of patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection co-treatment with Jin Si Herbal Tea in Eastern Taiwan: A retrospective cohort study.

Introduction: Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has affected more than 608 million people and has killed 6.5 million people in the world. A few studies showed traditional Chinese medicine can be beneficial for COVID-19 treatment.

Activation and blockade of 5-HT receptors in the dorsal hippocampus enhance working and hippocampus-dependent memories in the unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesioned rats.

Cognitive dysfunction is a common symptom in Parkinson's disease (PD). Serotonin4 (5-HT) receptors are richly expressed in the dorsal hippocampus (dHIPP) and play an important role in cognitive activities. However, the mechanism underlying the role of dHIPP 5-HT receptors in PD-related cognitive dysfunction remains unclear.

Application of dynamic display technology to identify gaps after pulmonary vein isolation in catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation.

Background: The identification of post pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) gaps by activation and voltage maps is time-consuming. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics, efficiency and accuracy of LiveView dynamic display module (EnSite™ Dynamic Display; Abbott, Abbott Park, IL, USA) in unmasking post PVI gaps and conduction block line.

Method: Twenty four patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) who failed to achieve first-pass PVI or with recurrent PAF were enrolled.

Spinal 5-HT receptor is involved in electroacupuncture inhibition of chronic pain.

Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a highly prevalent, chronic joint disorder, and it is a typical disease which can develop chronic pain. Our previous study has proved that endocannabinoid (2-AG)-CB1R-GABA-5-HT pathway is involved in electroacupuncture (EA) mediated inhibition of chronic pain. However, it is still unclear which among the 5-HT receptor subtype is involved in EA evoked 5-HT mediated inhibition of chronic pain in the dorsal spinal cord.

Significantly Enhancing the Single-Molecule-Magnet Performance of a Dinuclear Dy(III) Complex by Utilizing an Asymmetric Auxiliary Organic Ligand.

In this work, we employed an asymmetric auxiliary organic ligand (1,1,1-trifluoroacetylacetone, Htfac) to further regulate the magnetic relaxation behavior of series of Dy single-molecule magnets (SMMs) with a 1,3-bis(3-methoxysalicylidene)diethylenetriamine (HL) ligand. Fortunately, an air-stable Dy complex, [Dy(L)(tfac)] (; Htfac = 1,1,1-trifluoroacetylacetone) was obtained at room temperature. A structural analysis indicated that some Dy-O or Dy-N bond lengths for are not in the range of those for the complexes [Dy(L)(acac)]·2CHCl (; Hacac = acetylacetone) and [Dy(L)(hfac)] (; Hhfac = hexafluoroacetylacetone), although the electron-withdrawing ability of tfac is stronger than that of acac but weaker than that of hfac.

Influence of the Different Types of Auxiliary Noncarboxylate Organic Ligands on the Topologies and Magnetic Relaxation Behavior of Zn-Dy Heterometallic Single Molecule Magnets.

In this work, we first synthesized a Zn-Dy complex, [ZnDy(L)(tea)(CHOH)]·6CHOH·8HO (HL = -3-methoxysalicylidene-2-amino-3-hydroxypyridine, teaH = triethanolamine, ), by employing HL, anhydrous ZnCl, and Dy(NO)·5HO reacting with auxiliary ligand teaH in the mixture of CHOH and DMF. When teaH and the solvent CHOH in the reaction system of were replaced by the auxiliary ligand 2,6-pyridinedimethanol (pdmH) and the solvent MeCN, another Zn-Dy complex, [ZnDy(L)(pdm)(pdmH)]·10CHCN·5HO (), was obtained. For , its crystal structure can be viewed as a dimer of two ZnDy units.

Activation and blockade of dorsal hippocampal serotonin4 receptors produce antidepressant effects in the hemiparkinsonian rats.

Depression is a common non-motor symptom in Parkinson's disease (PD). Although serotonin4 (5-HT) receptors and the dorsal hippocampus (dHIP) are regarded to be involved in the depression, the mechanism underlying the effects of 5-HT receptors in the dHIP on PD-related depression should be further investigated. In the present study, unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesions of the medial forebrain bundle (MFB) increased the expressions of 5-HT receptors and its co-localization with glutamate neurons in the CA1, CA3 and dentate gyrus.

Case Report: Opportunities for Treatment of Severe COVID-19 Patients-Lessons From a Death Case.

With the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, the incidence of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) increases each day. To date, there is no specific anti-SARS-CoV-2 drug. The usual approach to treating COVID-19 is treating its symptoms.

Activation and Blockade of Serotonin-4 Receptors in the Lateral Habenula Produce Antidepressant Effects in the Hemiparkinsonian Rat.

Background: The 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) neurotransmitter system and lateral habenula (LHb) are involved in the regulation of depression, while the mechanisms remain to be clarified.

Objectives: The effects and possible mecha-nism underlying activation or blockade of 5-HT4 receptors (5-HT4Rs) in the LHb in depression were investigated by behavioral and neurochemical methods based on a Parkinson's disease (PD) rat model.

Method: 6-Hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) was injected unilaterally into the substantia nigra pars compacta to establish the PD rat model.

Involvement of the Dorsal Hippocampus 5-HT1A Receptors in the Regulation of Depressive-Like Behaviors in Hemiparkinsonian Rats.

Background: Depression is one of the most common neuropsychiatric disturbances in Parkinson's disease (PD), but its pathophysiology is not definite. Lines of evidence have indicated that the hippocampus and serotonin 1A (5-HT1A) receptors are related to the regulation of depression.

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to observe the effect of 5-HT1A receptors in the dorsal hippocampus (dHIP) on PD-related depression in rats.

Serotonin receptors in the dorsal hippocampus regulate working memory and long-term habituation in the hemiparkinsonian rats.

Although the dorsal hippocampus (dHPC) and serotonin (5-HT) receptor are involved in cognition, their roles in cognitive impairments in Parkinson' disease (PD) are still unclear. In the present study, the effects of the 5-HT receptor agonist 8-OH-DPAT and antagonist WAY100635 administrated into the dHPC of rats were assessed in T-maze rewarded alternation test for working memory and in hole-board test for long-term habituation. Unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesions of the medial forebrain bundle in rats impaired working memory and long-term habituation, decreased dopamine (DA) levels in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), dHPC and ventral hippocampus (vHPC), and decreased the mean density of 5-HT receptors and co-localization of 5-HT receptor and excitatory amino acid carrier 1-immunoreactive (EAAC1-ir) neurons in the dHPC compared to sham-operated rats.

Synthesis, crystal structures and magnetic properties of a series of chair-like heterometallic [FeLn] (Ln = Gd, Dy, Ho, and Er) complexes with mixed organic ligands.

Four chair-like hexanuclear Fe-Ln complexes containing mixed organic ligands, namely, [FeLn{(py)CO}(pdm)(NO)(HO)Cl]·xCHCN·yHO (Ln = Gd (1, x = 1, y = 0), Dy (2, x = 1, y = 1), Ho (3, x = 0, y = 2), and Er (4, x = 1, y = 3); (py)COH = the gem-diol form of di-2-pyridyl ketone and pdmH = 2,6-pyridinedimethanol) have been obtained by employing di-2-pyridyl ketone and 2,6-pyridinedimethanol reacting with FeCl and Ln(NO) in MeCN. The structures of 1-4 are similar to each other except for the number of lattice solvent molecules. Four Fe and two Ln in these complexes comprise a chair-like core with the "body" constructed by four Fe ions and the "end" constructed by two Ln ions.

Regulation of magnetic relaxation behavior by replacing 3d transition metal ions in [MDy] complexes containing two different organic chelating ligands.

Four tetranuclear 3d-4f complexes, namely [FeLn(L)(teaH)(Cl)](NO)·4CHCN (HL = N1,N3-bis(3-methoxysalicylidene)diethylenetriamine, teaH = triethanolamine, Ln = Dy for 1 and Ln = Gd for 1') and [CoLn(L)(pdm)(CHCOO)(CHOH)](NO)·xCHOH·yHO (pdmH = 2,6-pyridinedimethanol, Ln = Dy, x = 5 and y = 2.5 for 2 and Ln = Gd, x = 6 and y = 1.5 for 2'), have been reported.

Two Trinuclear Cu Complexes: Effect of Phosphonate Ligand on the Magnetic Property and Electrocatalytic Reactivity for Water Oxidation.

Two trinuclear copper phosphonate complexes, [Cu (pda) (tBuPO )]⋅2(Et NH) (1) and [Cu (pda) (PhPO )]⋅2(Et NH) (2), have been synthesized and investigated by a combination of X-ray crystallography, PXRD, magneto- and electrochemistry, EPR, in situ UV-vis spectroelectrochemistry and DLS. The two complexes feature almost identical crystal structures, the anions of which are both supported by pda and tBuPO /PhPO groups, bridging three five-coordinated Cu atoms to form a crown-like structure. This is the first time that trinuclear copper phosphonate complexes have been isolated and characterized.

Activation and blockade of dorsal hippocampal Serotonin receptors regulate anxiety-like behaviors in a unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine rat model of Parkinson's disease.

: This study aimed to investigate the effect of serotonin (5-HT) receptors in the dorsal hippocampus (dHip) on the regulation of Parkinson's disease (PD)-associated anxiety. : We examined whether intra-dHip injection of both 5-HT receptor agonist and antagonist was involved in the regulation of anxiety-like behaviors in sham-operated rats and rats with unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesions of the medial forebrain bundle by the open-field and elevated plus maze (EPM) tests. Four weeks after injection of 6-OHDA, the concentrations of dopamine (DA), noradrenaline (NA) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in relative related brain regions were measured by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography.

Activation and blockade of serotonin receptors in the lateral habenula improve working memory in unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned Parkinson's rats.

: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects and mechanism of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesions and serotonin  (5-HT) receptors in the lateral habenula (LHb) on Parkinson's disease (PD) related working memory. : The working memory was measured by the T-maze rewarded alternation test in sham rats and rats with unilateral 6-OHDA lesions of substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). The concentrations of dopamine (DA), noradrenaline (NA) and 5-HT in the related brain regions were measured by neurochemistry.

A water stable layered Tb(iii) polycarboxylate with high proton conductivity over 10 S cm in a wide temperature range.

An unprecedented Tb(iii) polycarboxylate, {[Tb4(TTHA)2(H2O)4]·7H2O}n (1), has been synthesized. It possesses an efficient proton transfer pathway formed by water molecules and carboxyl groups, which exhibits proton conductivity over 10-2 S cm-1 at 295-358 K and 98% relative humidity.

Single molecule magnet behaviors of ZnLn (Ln = Dy, Tb) complexes with multidentate organic ligands formed by absorption of CO in air through in situ reactions.

In this work, we report the syntheses, crystal structures and magnetic properties of three novel Zn-Ln mixed metal complexes, namely [Zn4Dy2(L1)2(L2)2(N3)2]Cl2·2H2O (1), [Zn4Tb2(L1)2(L2)2(Cl)2][ZnN3Cl3]·2H2O (2), and [Zn4Gd2(L1)2(L2)2(Cl)2][ZnN3Cl3]·2H2O (3), in which L12- and L23- were formed from the ligand L [L = N1,N3-bis(3-methoxysalicylidene)diethylenetriamine] through in situ reactions. Interestingly, carbon dioxide in air was absorbed in the process of forming carbamate ligand L23-; this can be ascribed to the insertion of CO2 into M-N amide bonds. Moreover, 1 and 2 represent the first series of 3d-4f SMMs containing carbamate ligands by fixation of CO2 in air.

Identification of metabolite biomarkers for L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia in a rat model of Parkinson's disease by metabolomic technology.

L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID) is a frequent complication of chronic L-DOPA therapy in the clinical treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD). The pathogenesis of LID involves complex molecular mechanisms in the striatum. Metabolomics can shed light on striatal metabolic alterations in LID.

Two unprecedented decanuclear heterometallic [MnMnLn] (Ln = Dy, Tb) complexes displaying relaxation of magnetization.

We report the syntheses, crystal structures, and magnetic properties of two 3d-4f heterometallic compounds; namely, [MnLnO(OH){(py)CO}(teaH)(CHCOO)]·6CHCN·2HO (Ln = Dy (1), Tb (2); (py)COH = the gem-diol form of di-2-pyridyl ketone, teaH = triethanolamine). Both compounds were prepared by the reaction of Mn(OAc)·4HO, Ln(NO)·5HO (Ln = Dy and Tb) with the ligands di-2-pyridyl ketone and triethanolamine in MeCN, and they crystallize in the monoclinic space group C2/c. [MnLn] complexes have not been reported before, and the metallic cores of both complexes were unprecedented.

Activation and blockade of serotonin receptors in the dorsal hippocampus enhance T maze and hole-board performance in a unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine rat model of Parkinson's disease.

The role of dorsal hippocampus (DH) serotonin (5-HT) receptors in memory is unknown, particularly in memory impairment of Parkinson's disease. We tested here effects of activation and blockade of DH 5-HT receptors on working and hippocampus-dependent memories in rats with unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesions of the medial forebrain bundle. The lesion induced working and hippocampus-dependent memory impairments as measured by the T-maze rewarded alternation and hole-board tests, and decreased dopamine (DA) levels in the striatum, medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), DH and amygdala.

Electrical signal propagated across acupoints along Foot Taiyang Bladder Meridian in rats.

Objective: To investigate the electrical signals propagated along Foot Taiyang Bladder Meridian (BL) in a rat model.

Methods: The experiments were performed on Dark-Agouti (DA), DA.1U and Sprague Dawley (SD) rats.

The local effect of octreotide on mechanical pain sensitivity is more sensitive in DA rats than DA.1U rats.

A recent study by the authors indicated that major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes are associated with the differences in basal pain sensitivity and in formalin model between Dark-Agouti (DA) and novel congenic DA.1U rats, which have the same genetic background as DA rats except for the u alleles of MHC. The objective of the present study is to investigate whether there is a difference in the pristane-induced arthritis (PIA) model and local analgesic effect of octreotide (OCT) between DA and DA.

The major histocompatibility complex genes impact pain response in DA and DA.1U rats.

Our recent studies have shown that the difference in basal pain sensitivity to mechanical and thermal stimulation between Dark-Agouti (DA) rats and a novel congenic DA.1U rats is major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes dependent. In the present study, we further used DA and DA.

Role of peripheral purinoceptors in the development of bee venom-induced nociception: a behavioural and electrophysiological study in rats.

Colocalization of purinergic P2X and P2Y receptors in dorsal root ganglion sensory neurons implies that these receptors play an integrative role in the nociceptive transmission process under inflammatory conditions. In the present study, behavioural and in vivo electrophysiological methods were used to examine the peripheral role of P2 receptors in the persistent nociceptive responses induced by subcutaneous bee venom injection (2 mg/mL) in. Sprague-Dawley rats Local pretreatment with the wide-spectrum P2 receptor antagonist pyridoxalphosphate-6-azophenyl-2',4'-disulphonic acid (PPADS; 1 mmol/L, 50 μL) 10 min prior to s.