Incidence and Outcomes of Cardiocerebral Infarction: A Cohort Study of 2 National Population-Based Registries.

Background: Cardiocerebral infarction (CCI), which is concomitant with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and acute ischemic stroke (AIS), is a rare but severe presentation. However, there are few data on CCI, and the treatment options are uncertain. We investigated the characteristics and outcomes of CCI compared with AMI or AIS alone.

Stroke in Asia.

Background: There is a significant burden of stroke in Asia. Asia has the largest population in the world in 2023, estimated at 4.7 billion.

Predictors of post stroke cognitive impairment: VITATOPS cognition substudy.

Introduction: Post stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is a common complication of ischemic stroke. PSCI can involve different depending on clinical and stroke related characteristics. The aim of this study is to determine the factors associated with impairments in specific cognitive domains.

B-vitamin supplementation on mitigating post-stroke cognition and neuropsychiatric sequelae: A randomized controlled trial.

Background And Purpose: A third of stroke patients suffer from post-stroke cognitive decline, depressive symptoms, and anxiety symptoms. B-vitamin supplementation provides a possible safe and affordable treatment to mitigate post-stroke neuropsychiatric sequelae via reducing homocysteine levels. Our study aims to examine the effect of B-vitamin supplementation in the prevention of post-stroke cognitive decline, depressive symptoms, and anxiety symptoms.

Intracranial Large Artery Disease is Independently Associated with Poor Functional Outcome in a Cohort of Ethnic South Asian Ischemic Stroke Patients.

Background: Intracranial large artery disease (ICLAD) in ischemic stroke patients is associated with an increased risk for recurrent stroke; however, it is not known if ICLAD influences functional status following stroke. We studied the 6-month functional outcome in south Asian ischemic stroke patients and compared those with and without ICLAD.

Materials And Methods: This is a prospective cohort study of consecutive south Asian ischemic stroke patients.

Burden of informal care in stroke survivors and its determinants: a prospective observational study in an Asian setting.

Background: Informal caregiving is an integral part of post-stroke recovery with strenuous caregiving demands often resulting in caregiving burden, threatening sustainability of caregiving and potentially impacting stroke survivor's outcomes. Our study aimed to examine and quantify objective and subjective informal care burden after stroke; and to explore the factors associated with informal care burden in Singapore.

Methods: Stroke patients and their informal caregivers were recruited from all five tertiary hospitals in Singapore from December 2010 to September 2013.

Role of caregiver factors in outpatient medical follow-up post-stroke: observational study in Singapore.

Background: Outpatient medical follow-up post-stroke is not only crucial for secondary prevention but is also associated with a reduced risk of rehospitalization. However, being voluntary and non-urgent, it is potentially determined by both healthcare needs and the socio-demographic context of stroke survivor-caregiver dyads. Therefore, we aimed to examine the role of caregiver factors in outpatient medical follow-up (primary care (PC) and specialist outpatient care (SOC)) post-stroke.

Stroke Rehabilitation Use and Caregiver Psychosocial Health Profiles in Singapore: A Latent Profile Transition Analysis.

Objectives: To identify and describe caregiver profiles based on their psychosocial health characteristics over a 12-month period and transitions among these profiles, to determine if stroke rehabilitation use at 12 months post-stroke differed by caregiver profile transition patterns, and to investigate if caregiver profiles at 3 months post-stroke moderate the association of stroke rehabilitation use at 3 months and 12 months post-stroke after accounting for covariates.

Design: Latent profile transition analysis of caregiver psychosocial health with stroke rehabilitation use at 12 month post-stroke as outcome.

Setting And Participants: A total of 149 stroke patient-caregiver dyads from the Singapore Stroke Study.

Hyperperfusion Syndrome and Baroreflex Failure following Carotid Artery Angioplasty and Stenting for Symptomatic Radiation-Associated Carotid Artery Stenosis.

Cerebrovascular manifestations of radiotherapy for head and neck cancers are well described. In Southeast Asia, because nasopharyngeal cancer is common, patients with late cerebrovascular consequences are encountered regularly. This case report describes the long-term follow-up of a Chinese male patient with symptomatic severe radiation-associated atherosclerosis, who had carotid artery angioplasty and stenting performed, and the subsequent complications encountered: cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome, baroreflex failure, and progressive carotid artery stenosis.

Dyadic approach to supervised community rehabilitation participation in an Asian setting post-stroke: exploring the role of caregiver and patient characteristics in a prospective cohort study.

Objective: To study the association of caregiver factors and stroke survivor factors with supervised community rehabilitation (SCR) participation over the first 3 months and subsequent 3 to 12 months post-stroke in an Asian setting.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting: Community setting.

Post-stroke patients with moderate function have the greatest risk of falls: a National Cohort Study.

Background: Stroke patients have increased risks of falls. We examined national registry data to evaluate the association between post-stroke functional level and the risk of low falls among post-stroke patients.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed data from national registries to examine the risk factors for post-stroke falls.

Dyadic approach to post-stroke hospitalizations: role of caregiver and patient characteristics.

Aim: To study the association of caregiver factors and stroke patient factors with rehospitalizations over the first 3 months and subsequent 3-12 months post-stroke in Singapore.

Methods: Patients with stroke and their caregivers were recruited in the Singapore Stroke Study, a prospective yearlong cohort. While caregiver and patient variables were taken from this study, hospitalization data were extracted from the national claims database.

Health-related quality of life loss associated with first-time stroke.

Objectives: This study aimed to quantify health-related quality of life (HRQoL) loss associated with first episode of stroke by comparing patient-reported HRQoL before and after stroke onset. The impact of stroke in local population was also evaluated by comparing the pre- and post-stroke HRQoL with that of the general population.

Methods: The HRQoL of stroke survivors was assessed with the EQ-5D-3L index score at recruitment, for recalled pre-stroke HRQoL, and at 3 and 12 month post-stroke.

Can acute clinical outcomes predict health-related quality of life after stroke: a one-year prospective study of stroke survivors.

Background: Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is a key metric to understand the impact of stroke from patients' perspective. Yet HRQoL is not readily measured in clinical practice. This study aims to investigate the extent to which clinical outcomes during admission predict HRQoL at 3 months and 1 year post-stroke.

Can caregivers report their care recipients' post-stroke hospitalizations and outpatient visits accurately? Findings of an Asian prospective stroke cohort.

Background: Health services research aimed at understanding service use and improving resource allocation often relies on collecting subjectively reported or proxy-reported healthcare service utilization (HSU) data. It is important to know the discrepancies in such self or proxy reports, as they have significant financial and policy implications. In high-dependency populations, such as stroke survivors, with varying levels of cognitive impairment and dysphasia, caregivers are often potential sources of stroke survivors' HSU information.

Effect of Combined Treatment with MLC601 (NeuroAiDTM) and Rehabilitation on Post-Stroke Recovery: The CHIMES and CHIMES-E Studies.

Background And Purpose: MLC601 has been shown in preclinical studies to enhance neurorestorative mechanisms after stroke. The aim of this post hoc analysis was to assess whether combining MLC601 and rehabilitation has an effect on improving functional outcomes after stroke.

Methods: Data from the CHInese Medicine NeuroAiD Efficacy on Stroke (CHIMES) and CHIMES-Extension (CHIMES-E) studies were analyzed.

Comparative analysis of recurrent events after presentation with an index myocardial infarction or ischaemic stroke.

Aims: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and stroke are important causes of mortality and morbidity. Our aims are to determine the comparative epidemiology of AMI and ischaemic stroke; and examine the differences in cardiovascular outcomes or mortality occurring after an AMI or stroke.

Methods And Results: The Singapore National Registry of Diseases Office collects countrywide data on AMI, stroke, and mortality.

Prognostic Factors and Pattern of Long-Term Recovery with MLC601 (NeuroAiD™) in the Chinese Medicine NeuroAiD Efficacy on Stroke Recovery - Extension Study.

Background: The Chinese Medicine NeuroAiD Efficacy on Stroke recovery - Extension (CHIMES-E) study is among the few acute stroke trials with long-term outcome data. We aimed to evaluate the recovery pattern and the influence of prognostic factors on treatment effect of MLC601 over 2 years.

Methods: The CHIMES-E study evaluated the 2 years outcome of subjects aged ≥18 years with acute ischemic stroke, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score 6-14, pre-stroke modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score ≤1 included in a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of MLC601 for 3 months.

Trends in Stroke Incidence and 28-Day Case Fatality in a Nationwide Stroke Registry of a Multiethnic Asian Population.

Background And Purpose: This study investigated trends in stroke incidence and case fatality overall and according to sex, age, ethnicity, and stroke subtype in a multiethnic Asian population.

Methods: The Singapore Stroke Registry identifies all stroke cases in all public hospitals using medical claims, hospital discharge summaries, and death registry data. Age-standardized incidence rates and 28-day case-fatality rates were calculated for individuals aged ≥15 years between 2006 and 2012.

CHInese Medicine NeuroAiD Efficacy on Stroke Recovery - Extension Study (CHIMES-E): A Multicenter Study of Long-Term Efficacy.

Background: The CHInese Medicine NeuroAiD Efficacy on Stroke recovery (CHIMES) study was an international randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of MLC601 (NeuroAiD) in subjects with cerebral infarction of intermediate severity within 72 h. CHIMES-E (Extension) aimed at evaluating the effects of the initial 3-month treatment with MLC601 on long-term outcome for up to 2 years.

Methods: All subjects randomized in CHIMES were eligible for CHIMES-E.

Countrywide stroke incidence, subtypes, management and outcome in a multiethnic Asian population: the Singapore Stroke Registry--methodology.

Rationale: Because of its rapidly-growing and aging populations, the global burden of stroke will be felt most strongly in Asia. Data from Asia are scarce. Even rarer are data from multiethnic populations.