Circular RNAs in stem cells: from basic research to clinical implications.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a special class of endogenous RNAs with a wide variety of pathophysiological functions via diverse mechanisms, including transcription, microRNA (miRNA) sponge, protein sponge/decoy, and translation. Stem cells are pluripotent cells with unique properties of self-renewal and differentiation. Dysregulated circRNAs identified in various stem cell types can affect stem cell self-renewal and differentiation potential by manipulating stemness.

The Relationship Between Food Consumption and Bowel Symptoms Among Patients With Rectal Cancer After Sphincter-Saving Surgery.

Dietary self-management is an important strategy for controlling bowel symptoms after sphincter-saving surgery; however, the dietary factors influencing bowel symptoms are not completely clear. This study aimed to explore the relationship between the specific consumption of food components and bowel symptoms. This study applied a cross-sectional study design.

The experience of dealing with defecation dysfunction by changing the eating behaviours of people with rectal cancer following sphincter-saving surgery: A qualitative study.

Aim: To explore the experience of dealing with defecation dysfunction by changing the eating behaviours of people with rectal cancer following sphincter-saving surgery.

Design: The descriptive qualitative design was applied.

Methods: Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with 36 purposively selected rectal cancer survivors who had experienced sphincter-saving surgery.

Immunoreactivity and neutralization study of Chinese Bungarus multicinctus antivenin and lab-prepared anti-bungarotoxin antisera towards purified bungarotoxins and snake venoms.

Bungarus multicinctus is the most venomous snake distributed in China and neighboring countries of Myanmar, Laos, north Vietnam and Thailand. The high mortality rate of B. multicinctus envenomation is attributed to the lethal components of α-, β-, γ- and κ- bungarotoxins contained in the venom.

Automatic ICD-10 coding algorithm using an improved longest common subsequence based on semantic similarity.

ICD-10(International Classification of Diseases 10th revision) is a classification of a disease, symptom, procedure, or injury. Diseases are often described in patients' medical records with free texts, such as terms, phrases and paraphrases, which differ significantly from those used in ICD-10 classification. This paper presents an improved approach based on the Longest Common Subsequence (LCS) and semantic similarity for automatic Chinese diagnoses, mapping from the disease names given by clinician to the disease names in ICD-10.

Frozen section of uterine curetting in excluding the possibility of ectopic pregnancy--a clinicopathologic study of 715 cases.

Introduction: To investigate the utility of frozen section of uterine curetting in excluding the possibility of ectopic pregnancy (EP).

Materials And Methods: A retrospective analysis of 715 curetting records in the present hospital from July 1999 to May 2009 was obtained. All specimens were processed routinely with frozen section and paraffin section.

[Epidemiological characteristics of major abnormal electrocardiogram in adults from Shanghai].

Objective: To understand the prevalence, characteristics and risk factors of major abnormal electrocardiogram (MA-ECG) in adults living in Shanghai.

Methods: The cross-sectional dataset of prevalence survey on diabetes and metabolic syndrome in adults, aged 20-74 years, from Shanghai, in 2007-2008, was analyzed. Demographic information, personal and, family histories of diseases were collected.

[Relationship between glycated albumin level and pancreatic β cell function in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetics].

Objective: To explore the relationship between glycated albumin (GA) level and pancreatic β cell function in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetics.

Methods: The subjects sought the confirmation of diabetes diagnosis or underwent diabetes screening tests in high-risk patients from January 2008 to October 2010. All of them underwent 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and insulin releasing test.

Liver enzymes concentrations are closely related to prediabetes: findings of the Shanghai Diabetes Study II (SHDS II).

Objective: To investigate the relationship of liver enzymes with hyperglycemia in a large population in Shanghai and identify the association between liver enzymes and insulin resistance.

Methods: A total of 3 756 participants were enrolled. Each participant underwent an oral glucose tolerance test and completed a questionnaire.

[Combined utility of hemoglobin A1c and glycated albumin in diabetic screening].

Objective: To assess the validity of combined detection of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and glycated albumin (GA) in diabetic screening.

Methods: A total of 1480 subjects at our out-patient department from March 2007 to December 2009. Those suspected of diabetes or at a high risk of diabetes were enrolled.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease's prevalence and impact on alanine aminotransferase associated with metabolic syndrome in the Chinese.

Background And Aim: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming a major public health hazard in China. The present study aimed to estimate the prevalence of NAFLD, NAFLD with abnormal serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, and determine the potential associations of ALT levels with the components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the absence or presence of NAFLD in Chinese adults.

Methods: A population-based cross-sectional survey was conducted with 2226 participants.

Patients' experience of living with glaucoma: a phenomenological study.

Aim: To explore the life experiences of those living with glaucoma and describe their strategies to deal with the consequences of this disorder.

Background: Glaucoma, the second most common cause of worldwide blindness, often imposes limitations on the daily functions of its victims, thus resulting in a decline in their quality of life and high costs in healthcare.

Methods: A hermeneutical phenomenological research approach was adopted.

Relationship between serum osteocalcin and glycaemic variability in Type 2 diabetes.

1. Recent reports have described the role of osteocalcin in glucose metabolism and glycaemic variability has been proven to be associated with an increased risk of diabetes complications. However, the relationship between osteocalcin and glycaemic variability remains unclear.

SLC22A2 gene 808 G/T variant is related to plasma lactate concentration in Chinese type 2 diabetics treated with metformin.

Aim: To investigate the potential relationship between the SLC22A2 gene polymorphism and blood lactate concentration in Shanghai Hans suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: The SLC22A2 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) 808G/T was genotyped in 400 T2DM patients, including a metformin-treated group (n=200) and a non-metformin-treated group (n=200). Fasting plasma lactic acid levels were measured with an enzyme-electrode assay.

Glipizide controlled-release tablets, with or without acarbose, improve glycaemic variability in newly diagnosed Type 2 diabetes.

1. The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of glipizide controlled-release (CR) tablets monotherapy with that of glipizide CR tablets plus acarbose on glycaemic variability in newly diagnosed Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients using a continuous glucose-monitoring system (CGMS). 2.

Relationship of plasma creatinine and lactic acid in type 2 diabetic patients without renal dysfunction.

Background: As one of most widely-used biguanides, metformin can induce the lactic acidosis in patients with renal failure though its incidence is very low. However, lactic acidemia induced by metformin was reported in patients without renal dysfunction. It is unclear that whether lactatemia exists in diabetic patients with normal renal function in Chinese or not and its influencing factors.

[Comparison of the application of three diagnostic criteria of metabolic syndrome in familial type 2 diabetic pedigrees].

Objective: To compare the significance of the application of three diagnostic criteria of metabolic syndrome (MS), issued by the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel II (ATPIII) in 2005, International Diabetes Federation (IDF) in 2005 and Chinese Diabetes Society (CDS) in 2004, in type 2 diabetes mellitus pedigrees.

Methods: Totally,4468 subjects (including spouses) from 715 type 2 diabetic pedigrees were selected in this study. Complete laboratory data, including blood pressure, lipid profile and plasma glucose, were collected.

[Prevalence of and risk factors associated with diabetic retinopathy in pre-diabetic and diabetic population in Shanghai community].

Objective: To determine the prevalence and risk factors of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in the Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and impaired glucose regulation (IGR) population in Shanghai Community.

Methods: DR screening after the epidemiologic study of metabolic syndrome in Huayang and Caoyang Community, Shanghai was conducted among 1300 patients with DM or IGR during June 2005 and March 2006, Digital non-mydriatic fundus photography was performed for each eye in all subjects. Other factors, including diabetes related history, BMI, WHR, fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, serum lipid and blood pressure were also assessed.

[Prevalence and clinical characteristics of the mitochondrial tRNA(Leu(UUR)) gene 3243 A to G mutation in familial diabetes mellitus in Chinese population].

Objective: To study the prevalence and clinical characteristics of the A to G mutation at nucleotide 3243 of the mitochondrial tRNA(Leu(UUR)) gene in familial diabetes in Shanghai, Jiangsu and Zhejiang Province of China.

Methods: The mt3243 A to G mutation in 770 randomly selected, unrelated probands of diabetic pedigrees were screened by PCR-RFLP technique and PCR-direct sequencing. Genetic and clinical analyses were further performed in the probands and their family members.

[Study on the mitochondrial DNA mutations in familial diabetes mellitus in Chinese population].

Objective: To assess the prevalence of mutations or variants of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in familial diabetes mellitus in Chinese population, and to explore the relationship between mtDNA mutations or variants and diabetes.

Methods: Seven hundred and seventy randomly selected, unrelated probands of diabetes pedigrees and 309 controls over 60 years of age with normal glucose tolerance were recruited. PCR-RFLP and PCR-direct sequencing were applied to the screening of mtDNA mutations or variants, including the mutations at nucleotides 3243, 3256 in tRNALeu region, 12258 in tRNASer region, 14709 in tRNAGlu region, 8296, 8344, 8363 in tRNALys region, 3316, 3394, 3426 in ND1 region and 12026 in ND4 region.

The protective effect of the RAS inhibitor on diabetic patients with nephropathy in the context of VEGF suppression.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to explore whether renin angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitor can reduce the production of vascular endothelium growth factor (VEGF). Further, we sought to elucidate the correlation between VEGF level and certain clinical parameters, such as albumin excretion rate (AER), before and after treatment with angiotensin type 1 receptor blocker.

Methods: We recruited 166 type 2 diabetic patients at various stages of diabetic nephropathy (DN) and 46 healthy control subjects for a cross-sectional study.

Triaqua-(2,2'-bipyridine N,N'-dioxide-κO,O')(5-nitro-benzene-1,3-dicarboxyl-ato-κO)zinc(II).

In the title compound, [Zn(C(8)H(3)NO(6))(C(10)H(8)N(2)O(2))(H(2)O)(3)], the Zn(II) ion is coordinated in a distorted octa-hedral geometry by three water mol-ecules, one O atom from a 5-nitro-benzene-1,3-dicarboxyl-ate ligand and two O atoms from a chelating 2,2'-bipyridine N,N'-dioxide ligand. An extensive network of O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds is formed between the water mol-ecules and the carboxyl-ate groups. C-H⋯O inter-actions are also present.

[Study on the status of metabolic syndrome in familial type 2 diabetes pedigrees].

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) and its components in type 2 diabetes mellitus pedigrees.

Methods: A total number of 4468 subjects (including spouses) from 715 type 2 diabetic pedigrees were selected in this study. Complete laboratory data including blood pressure, lipid profile and plasma glucose, were collected.

[Genetic characteristics of familial type 2 diabetes pedigrees: a preliminary analysis of 4468 persons from 715 pedigrees].

Objective: To analyze the inheritance character of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) pedigrees.

Methods: 4468 persons from 715 T2DM pedigrees (including the spouses) undergo peripheral blood sample collection to examine blood sugar and physical examination. Questionnaire survey was conducted to explore the family history.