RIPK2 and lysosomal pathway: Unveiling a new mechanism for lung cancer metastasis.

Background: This study aims to explore the role of RIPK2 in lung cancer metastasis and its potential mechanisms.

Methods: The expression levels of RIPK2 in lung cancer patients and cell lines were detected by immunohistochemistry, qRT-PCR, and Western blot. RIPK2 expression was knocked down using siRNA technology, and its effects on the proliferation, migration, and invasion capabilities of lung cancer cells were assessed through CCK-8, EdU, colony formation, and Transwell assays.

Full C- and L-band covered second-order OAM mode generator based on a thinned helical long-period fiber grating.

A full C- and L-band covered second-order orbital-angular-momentum (OAM) mode generator has been proposed and experimentally demonstrated, which is realized by using a helical long-period fiber grating (HLPG) but inscribed in a thinned four-mode fiber. By optimizing the design of grating period and fiber diameter of the proposed HLPG, an ultra-broadband rejection filter with a depth of ∼23 dB, a bandwidth of ∼156 nm @-10 dB (ranging from 1522 nm to 1678 nm) and a bandwidth of ∼58 nm @-20 dB (ranging from 1574 nm to 1632 nm), has been successfully obtained as a typical sample. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of such ultra-broadband second-order OAM mode generator by using only one fiber component, i.

Interleukin-4 from curcumin-activated OECs emerges as a central modulator for increasing M2 polarization of microglia/macrophage in OEC anti-inflammatory activity for functional repair of spinal cord injury.

Microglia/macrophages are major contributors to neuroinflammation in the central nervous system (CNS) injury and exhibit either pro- or anti-inflammatory phenotypes in response to specific microenvironmental signals. Our latest in vivo and in vitro studies demonstrated that curcumin-treated olfactory ensheathing cells (aOECs) can effectively enhance neural survival and axonal outgrowth, and transplantation of aOECs improves the neurological outcome after spinal cord injury (SCI). The therapeutic effect is largely attributed to aOEC anti-inflammatory activity through the modulation of microglial polarization from the M1 to M2 phenotype.

Temperature-insensitive high-sensitivity refractive index sensor based on a thinned helical fiber grating with an intermediate period.

A temperature-insensitive high-sensitivity refractive index sensor is proposed and experimentally demonstrated, which is based on utilization of a thinned helical fiber grating but with an intermediate period (THFGIP). Attributed to the reduced diameter and an intermediate period of the grating, the proposed sensor has a high surrounding refractive-index (SRI) sensitivity and a low temperature sensitivity. The average SRI sensitivity of the proposed sensor is up to 829.

Small breast epithelial mucin as a useful prognostic marker for breast cancer patients.

This study aimed to evaluate the clinical utility of small breast epithelial mucin (SBEM) as a prognostic biomarker in an independent patient cohort. The paraffin-embedded tissues and clinicopathological data of 105 patients with breast cancer were collected, and the expression of SBEM in breast cancer samples was detected by immunohistochemical staining. The correlations between clinicopathological variables and the expression of SBEM were analyzed, and its significance as a prognostic indicator for breast cancer patients was determined.

Probe-type all-fiber tiny-displacement sensor based on orbital-angular-momentum interferometry.

In this study, a probe-type all-fiber tiny-displacement sensor is proposed and experimentally demonstrated, which is realized by using an all-fiber orbital-angular-momentum (OAM) interferometer, where a probe is especially adopted and inserted into the testing arm of the OAM interferometer. The proposed device takes full advantages of the OAM interferometer and the probe-type fiber sensor, making it completely available to the tiny-displacement measurement. As a result, changes in displacement (ranging from 0 nm to 750 nm) with a real resolution of ∼8.

Recognition of the orbital-angular-momentum spectrum for hybrid modes existing in a few-mode fiber via a deep learning method.

In this study, we theoretically and experimentally demonstrate that the convolutional neural network (CNN) in combination with the residual blocks and the regression methods can be used to precisely and quickly reconstruct the OAM spectrum of a hybrid OAM mode no matter how the consistent OAM modes have the same or different order indices in both the azimuthal and the radial direction. For cases of the simulation testing, the mean errors of all recognized parameters for hybrid OAM modes in a four-mode fiber (4MF) and a six-mode fiber (6MF) are smaller than 0.003 and 0.

miRNA-186-5p inhibits migration, invasion and proliferation of breast cancer cells by targeting SBEM.

The paper aimed to investigate the effect of miR186-5p on invasion and migration of breast cancer cells and its molecular mechanism. MicroRNA-186-5p was found to be low expressed in breast cancer and highly expressed in SBEM by bioinformatics analysis. After transfecting MDA-MB-231 cells with miR-186-5p inhibitor NC, miR-186-5p inhibitor, miR-186-5p mimic NC and miR-186-5p mimic, respectively.

Adopting environment friendly technology model for green consumer adoption: is financial access important?

The objective of study is to test the role of access to finance between environment friendly technological adoption model for reshaping green consumer adoption pattern. For this, fuzzy-analytic approach is applied on Chinese model. The study findings highlighted that the environment friendly business initiatives must be maintained for longer durations to maintain environmental stability while time-honored techniques of controlling the environment evolve.

Dual-targeting multifunctional hyaluronic acid ligand-capped gold nanorods with enhanced endo-lysosomal escape ability for synergetic photodynamic-photothermal therapy of cancer.

Au nanorods (AuNRs) have attracted considerable interest as drug delivery systems because of their enhanced cell internalization and stronger drug-loading ability. In addition, the incorporation of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) into one nanosystem presents great promise to defect multiple drawbacks in cancer therapy. Herein, we fabricated a multifunctional and dual-targeting nanoplatform based on hyaluronic acid-grafted-(mPEG/triethylenetetramine-conjugated-lipoic acid/tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin/folic acid) polymer ligand capped AuNRs (AuNRs@HA-g-(mPEG/Teta-co-(LA/TCPP/FA)) for combined photodynamic-photothermal therapy of cancer.

Mannose facilitates Trichinella spiralis expulsion from the gut and alleviates inflammation of intestines and muscles in mice.

Trichinellosis is a major zoonotic parasitosis which is a vital risk to meat food safety. It is requisite to exploit new strategy to interdict food animal Trichinella infection and to obliterate Trichinella from food animals to ensure meat safety. Mannose is an oligosaccharide that specifically binds to the carbohydrate-recognition domain of C-type lectin; it has many physiological functions including reliving inflammation and regulating immune reaction.

Real-time route planning of unmanned aerial vehicles based on improved soft actor-critic algorithm.

With the application and development of UAV technology and navigation and positioning technology, higher requirements are put forward for UAV maneuvering obstacle avoidance ability and real-time route planning. In this paper, for the problem of real-time UAV route planning in the unknown environment, we combine the ideas of artificial potential field method to modify the state observation and reward function, which solves the problem of sparse rewards of reinforcement learning algorithm, improves the convergence speed of the algorithm, and improves the generalization of the algorithm by step-by-step training based on the ideas of curriculum learning and transfer learning according to the difficulty of the task. The simulation results show that the improved SAC algorithm has fast convergence speed, good timeliness and strong generalization, and can better complete the UAV route planning task.

A novel C-type lectin from Trichinella spiralis mediates larval invasion of host intestinal epithelial cells.

The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of a novel type C lectin from Trichinella spiralis (TsCTL) and its role in larval invasion of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). TsCTL has a carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) of C-type lectin. The full-length TsCTL cDNA sequence was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21.

Application of spectral CT combined with perfusion scan in diagnosis of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.

Background: Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs) are heterogeneous tumors from the pancreatic neuroendocrine system, and early diagnosis is important for tumor prognosis and treatment. In this study, we aimed to explore the diagnostic value of spectral CT combined with perfusion scanning in improving the detection rate of pNETs.

Methods: From December 2018 to December 2020, 58 patients with clinically suspected pNETs were prospectively enrolled in the study for one-stop spectral CT combined with perfusion scanning, 36 patients were confirmed with pNETs by histopathology.

Synthesis, characterization, thermal stability, and in vitro and in vivo degradation study of polycaprolactone and polyglycolide block copolymers.

Biodegradable polymer materials are attractive in various biomedical applications. Herein, we report a block aliphatic copolymer, polycaprolactone--polyglycolide (PCL--PGA, denoted as PCLGA), and explored the polymer composition effect on the thermal and degradation behaviors. Three copolymers with different PCL/PGA weight ratios were obtained by a two-step ring opening polymerization.

Nervous system manifestations related to COVID-19 and their possible mechanisms.

In December 2019, the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection broke. With the gradual deepening understanding of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19, researchers and clinicians noticed that this disease is closely related to the nervous system and has complex effects on the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). In this review, we summarize the effects and mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 on the nervous system, including the pathways of invasion, direct and indirect effects, and associated neuropsychiatric diseases, to deepen our knowledge and understanding of the relationship between COVID-19 and the nervous system.

A Transdiagnostic Biotype Detection Method for Schizophrenia and Autism Spectrum Disorder Based on Graph Kernel.

Psychiatric diagnoses based on clinical manifestations are prone to be inaccurate. Schizophrenia (SZ) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) were historically considered as the same disorder, and they still have many overlaps of clinical symptoms in the current standard. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore the potential biotypes for them using neuroimaging measures such as brain functional connectivity (FC).

Oral vaccination with recombinant Lactobacillus plantarum encoding Trichinella spiralis inorganic pyrophosphatase elicited a protective immunity in BALB/c mice.

Background: Trichinellosis is a serious zoonotic disease distributed around the world. It is needed to develop a safe, effective and feasible anti-Trichinella vaccine for prevention and control of trichinellosis. The aim of this study was to construct a recombinant Lactobacillus plantarum encoding Trichinella spiralis inorganic pyrophosphatase (TsPPase) and investigate its immune protective effects against T.

Anomalous circular photogalvanic effect in p-GaAs.

The anomalous circular photogalvanic effect (ACPGE) is observed in p-GaAs with a thickness of 2 μm at room temperature, in which circularly polarized light is used to inject spin-polarized carriers and the spin diffusion can generate a macroscopic detectable charge current due to the inverse spin Hall effect. The normalized ACPGE signals show first increasing and then decreasing with increasing the doping concentration. The role of the doping impurities is discussed by both extrinsic and intrinsic models, and both can well explain the variation of ACPGE with the doping concentration.

By Regulating the NLRP3 Inflammasome Can Reduce the Release of Inflammatory Factors in the Co-Culture Model of Tuberculosis H37Ra Strain and Rat Microglia.

Objective: Tuberculosis infection of the Central Nervous System can cause severe inflammation in microglia, and NLRP3 inflammasome is also an important source of inflammation in microglia. Therefore, in this study, we used a co-culture model of rat microglia and tuberculosis H37Ra strain to explore the influence of tuberculosis infection on the NLRP3 inflammasome in microglia and its regulation mechanism.

Methods: We cultured primary microglia from SD rats and co-cultured with tuberculosis H37Ra strain for 4 hours to establish a co-culture model.

Biological properties and roles of a Trichinella spiralis inorganic pyrophosphatase in molting and developmental process of intestinal larval stages.

Inorganic pyrophosphatase (PPase) participates in energy cycle and plays a vital role in hydrolysis of inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi) into inorganic phosphate (Pi). The aim of this study was to investigate the biological properties of a Trichinella spiralis PPase (TsPPase) and its role in larval molting and developmental process. The predicted TsPPase consisted of 367 amino acids with a molecular mass of 41.

Molecular characterization of a novel aspartyl protease-1 from Trichinella spiralis.

The aim of this study was to characterize the biological properties of a novel aspartic protease-1 from Trichinella spiralis (TsASP1) and evaluate its potential in inducing immune response. TsASP1 gene was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). On Western blotting analysis with anti-rTsASP1 serum, native TsASP1 was detected in various T.