1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid stimulates tomato pollen tube growth independently of ethylene receptors.

The plant hormone ethylene plays vital roles in plant development, including pollen tube (PT) growth. Many studies have used the ethylene precursor, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), as a tool to trigger ethylene signaling. Several studies have suggested that ACC can act as a signal molecule independently of ethylene, inducing responses that are distinct from those induced by ethylene.

Fine monitoring of major phenolic compounds in lettuce and escarole leaves during storage.

Two varieties of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. crispa and capitata) and one variety of escarole (Cichorium endivia var.

Bioassay-guided isolation and UHPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS quantification of potential anti-inflammatory phenolic compounds from flowers of Inula montana L.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Flowers of Inula montana L. (Asteraceae), commonly known as "Arnica de Provence", are used in the traditional medicine of Provence in France with the same indication as Arnica montana, for the relief of bruises, as an anti-inflammatory agent.

Aims Of The Study: The aim of our study is to evaluate its anti-inflammatory properties and to justify its traditional uses.

New sesquiterpene acid and inositol derivatives from Inula montana L.

A phytochemical investigation of the ethanol extract of leaves and flowers of Inula montana L. led to the isolation of one new sesquiterpene acid called Eldarin (1) and four new inositol derivatives, Myoinositol,1,5-diangelate-4,6-diacetate (2), Myoinositol,1,6-diangelate-4,5-diacetate (3), Myoinositol-1-angelate-4,5-diacetate-6-(2-methylbutirate) (4), Myoinositol-1-angelate-4,5-diacetate-6-isovalerate (5) isolated for the first time, along with eleven known compounds described for the first time in Inula montana, 1β-Hydroxyarbusculin A (6), Artemorin (7), Santamarin (8), Chrysosplenol C (9), 6-Hydroxykaempferol 3,7-dimethyl ether (10), Reynosin (11), Calenduladiol-3-palmitate (12), Costunolide (13), 4-Hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzenemethanol (14), 9β-Hydroxycostunolide (15) and Hispidulin (16). Structural elucidation has been carried out by spectral methods, such as 1D and 2D NMR, IR, UV and HR-ESI-MS.

Alternation of light/dark period priming enhances clomazone tolerance by increasing the levels of ascorbate and phenolic compounds and ROS detoxification in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) plantlets.

The effect of the alternation of light/dark periods (AL) (16/8 min light/dark cycles and a photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) of 50 μmol photons m(-2) s(-1) for three days) to clarify the mechanisms involved in the clomazone tolerance of tobacco plantlets primed with AL was studied. Clomazone decreased PSII activity, the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), and the ascorbate and total polyphenol contents and increased H2O2 and starch grain accumulation and the number of the cells that underwent programmed cell death (PCD). The pretreatment with AL reduced the inhibitory effect of clomazone on the PSII activity and photosynthesis, as indicated by the decreases in the H2O2 and starch grain accumulation and the PCD levels, and increased the content of ascorbate and certain phenolic compounds, such as chlorogenic acid, neochlorogenic acid and rutin.

Tolerance to clomazone herbicide is linked to the state of LHC, PQ-pool and ROS detoxification in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.).

In this study, plantlets of two tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) varieties that are clomazone-tolerant (cv. Xanthi) and clomazone-sensitive (cv.

Pretreatment with alternation of light/dark periods improves the tolerance of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) to clomazone herbicide.

This work analyses the effects of alternation of light/dark periods pretreatment (AL) in tobacco plantlets (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv.Virginie vk51) growing in solution with low concentration of the clomazone herbicide.

Effect of salt stress on tomato fruit antioxidant systems depends on fruit development stage.

The effects of different levels of salt stress on the oxidative parameters (H2O2 and MDA), the total pool sizes of ascorbate, the activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), as well as the activities and relative transcript levels of the enzymes of ascorbate-glutathione cycle; ascorbate peroxidase (APX), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) and glutathione reductase (GR) were studied in fruits of tomato. Plants were treated by three concentrations of NaCl (50, 100 and 150 mM) and fruits at different development stages were harvested after 3 and 6 days of stress. The concentrations of ascorbate (AsA) and dehydroascorbate (DHA) generally changed with salt stress treatments.

Effect of water stress on antioxidant systems and oxidative parameters in fruits of tomato (Solanum lycopersicon L, cv. Micro-tom).

The effects of different levels of water stress on oxidative parameters (H2O2 and MDA), the total pool sizes of ascorbate, the activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), as well as the activities and relative transcript levels of the enzymes of ascorbate-glutathione cycle ascorbate peroxidase (APX), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) and glutathione reductase (GR) were studied in the fruit of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Micro-Tom).

Metabolism in orange fruits is driven by photooxidative stress in the leaves.

In plants, stress signals propagate to trigger distant responses and thus stress acclimation in non-exposed organs. We tested here the hypothesis that leaves submitted to photooxidative stress may influence the metabolism of nearby fruits and thus quality criteria. Leaves of orange trees (Citrus sinensis (L.

Response of the physiological parameters of mango fruit (transpiration, water relations and antioxidant system) to its light and temperature environment.

Depending on the position of the fruit in the tree, mango fruit may be exposed to high temperature and intense light conditions that may lead to metabolic and physiological disorders and affect yield and quality. The present study aimed to determine how mango fruit adapted its functioning in terms of fruit water relations, epicarp characteristics and the antioxidant defence system in peel, to environmental conditions. The effect of contrasted temperature and light conditions was evaluated under natural solar radiation and temperature by comparing well-exposed and shaded fruit at three stages of fruit development.

Microplate quantification of enzymes of the plant ascorbate-glutathione cycle.

Here, we describe microplate assays for determining the specific activities of four enzymes that constitute the ascorbate-glutathione cycle: APX, MDHAR, DHAR, and GR. In plants, these enzymes play a major role in detoxifying reactive oxygen species produced in cells under environmental stress. This work presents the development of plate reader assays to allow rapid analysis of the ascorbate-glutathione cycle activity using tomato fruits subjected to salt stress as a model.

Photosynthetic activity of Lolium perenne as a function of endophyte status and zinc nutrition.

Grass infection by endophyte fungi can confer host resistance to different types of stress, but limited evidence is available on the related effects on the photosynthetic mechanism of the grasses. Zinc has direct and indirect effects on this mechanism and is one of the more important environmental pollutants. To measure whether photosynthesis of the host plant is affected by fungal infection when endophyte-free and endophyte-infected grasses contain similar excess zinc concentrations in their leaves, two batches of Lolium perenne L.

Use of commercial plant species in a hydroponic system to treat domestic wastewaters.

The objectives in this work were to investigate a conceptual layout for an inexpensive and simple system that would treat primary municipal wastewater to discharge standards. A commercial hydroponic system was adapted for this study and the wastewater was used to irrigate wooly digitalis (Digitalis lanata Ehrh.) and foxglove (Digitalis purpurea L.

Treatment of domestic wastewater by an hydroponic NFT system.

The objectives in this work were to investigate a conceptual layout for an inexpensive and simple system that would treat primary municipal wastewater to discharge standards. A commercial hydroponic system was adapted for this study and the wastewater was used to irrigate Datura innoxia plants. Influent and effluent samples were collected once a month for six months and analysed to determine the various parameters relating to the water quality.

Treatment of domestic wastewater using the nutrient film technique (NFT) to produce horticultural roses.

Removal of organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus was investigated in a pilot based on the nutrient film technique system used for horticultural production. Rosebushes producing commercial roses were set on an inclined impermeable surface over which a thin film of domestic wastewater flowed directly through the root matrix. The roses produced with wastewater as nutrient solution were qualitatively and quantitatively similar to those produced traditionally and can be marketable.

Urban wastewater treatment by a nutrient film technique system with a valuable commercial plant species (Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium Trev.).

Urban wastewater causes rapid eutrophication of natural waters and requires treatment before discharge. This is expensive and produces huge quantities of sludge. In the European Community, it will no longer be lawful to dispose of this sludge as landfill after 2005 (European Directive 91/271/CEE of May 21, 1991).