Extensive Spinal Epidural Abscess: A Systematic Review of Risk Factors, Clinical Presentation, and Management with a Case Illustration.

Background: Extensive spinal epidural abscess (ESEA) is a rare clinical entity subject to delayed diagnosis, which can be explained by the extension of the epidural collection, thereby delaying the mass effect responsible for its clinical manifestations.

Methods: We report a rare case of an extensive C7-T10 epidural abscess in a 54-year-old man treated with antibiotics, laminectomy, and abscess drainage. In addition, we conducted a systematic literature search according to the "Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews" guidelines.

Paroxysmal Sympathetic Hyperactivity in Moderate-to-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury and the Role of Beta-Blockers: A Scoping Review.

Introduction: Most cases of paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH) result from traumatic brain injury (TBI). Little is known about its pathophysiology and treatment, and several neuroprotective drugs are used including beta-blockers. The aim of our study is to collate existing evidence of the role of beta-blockers in the treatment of PSH.

State of Neurosurgical Education in Africa: A Narrative Review.

Background: There is no comprehensive report of neurosurgery postgraduate education in Africa. This narrative review aimed to map out the landscape of neurosurgery training in Africa and highlight similarities and differences in training.

Methods: The keywords "neurosurgery," "education," and "Africa" were searched on PubMed and Google Scholar from inception to January 17, 2021.