In vivo IL-10 and TGF-beta production by PBMC from long-term kidney transplant recipients with excellent graft function: a possible feedback mechanism participating in immunological stability.

Background: Interleukin-10 (IL-10) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) are Th2-derived multifunctional cytokines that exhibit potent immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory properties which might prolong graft survival. The aim of this study was to explore whether spontaneous production of IL-10 and TGF-beta by blood mononuclear cells correlates with excellent long-term graft function.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in 32 kidney transplant recipients, without albuminuria, treated with azathioprine and prednisone.

[Renal artery stenosis after transplantation: treatment using percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and placement of an expandable metal luminal prosthesis].

Unlabelled: Transplant renal artery stenosis (TRAS) is a cause of severe post transplant hypertension with a widely variable reported incidence from 1 to 25%. We herein report 3 cases of endoluminal stent placement after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty for treatment of TRAS. Clinical and laboratory findings during their follow-up, suggestive of TRAS included: elevated mean blood pressure, bruit over the graft area(2/3), and increase in serum creatinine (2/3).