Promising PD-1 antagonists for liver cancer: an evaluation of phase II and III results.

Introduction: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common primary liver cancer, is a major cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality. Limited treatment options for advanced stages highlight the need for effective therapies.

Areas Covered: This review explores immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), specifically PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4 inhibitors, as emerging treatments for advanced HCC.