Sarcopenia does not affect liver regeneration and postoperative course after a major hepatectomy. A prospective study on 125 patients using CT volumetry and HIDA scintigraphy.

Background & Objectives: Sarcopenia is a morbi-mortality risk factor in digestive surgery, though its impact after major hepatectomy (MH) remains unknown. This prospective pilot study investigated whether volume and function of a regenerating liver is influenced by body composition.

Methods: From 2011 to 2016, 125 consecutive patients had computed tomography and 99mTc-labelled-mebrofenin SPECT-scintigraphy before and after MH at day 7 and 1 month for measurements of liver volumes and functions.

A 3D convolutional neural network to classify subjects as Alzheimer's disease, frontotemporal dementia or healthy controls using brain 18F-FDG PET.

With the arrival of disease-modifying drugs, neurodegenerative diseases will require an accurate diagnosis for optimal treatment. Convolutional neural networks are powerful deep learning techniques that can provide great help to physicians in image analysis. The purpose of this study is to introduce and validate a 3D neural network for classification of Alzheimer's disease (AD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD) or cognitively normal (CN) subjects based on brain glucose metabolism.

Deep Learning on Bone Scintigraphy to Detect Abnormal Cardiac Uptake at Risk of Cardiac Amyloidosis.

Background: Cardiac uptake on technetium-99m whole-body scintigraphy (WBS) is almost pathognomonic of transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis. The rare false positives are often related to light-chain cardiac amyloidosis. However, this scintigraphic feature remains largely unknown, leading to misdiagnosis despite characteristic images.

Oral metformin transiently lowers post-prandial glucose response by reducing the apical expression of sodium-glucose co-transporter 1 in enterocytes.

Metformin (MET) is the most prescribed antidiabetic drug, but its mechanisms of action remain elusive. Recent data point to the gut as MET's primary target. Here, we explored the effect of MET on the gut glucose transport machinery.

Evaluation of a convolution neural network for baseline total tumor metabolic volume on [F]FDG PET in diffuse large B cell lymphoma.

Objectives: New PET data-processing tools allow for automatic lesion selection and segmentation by a convolution neural network using artificial intelligence (AI) to obtain total metabolic tumor volume (TMTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) routinely at the clinical workstation. Our objective was to evaluate an AI implemented in a new version of commercial software to verify reproducibility of results and time savings in a daily workflow.

Methods: Using the software to obtain TMTV and TLG, two nuclear physicians applied five methods to retrospectively analyze data for 51 patients.

Pituitary adenoma & nuclear medicine: Recent outcomes and ongoing developments.

In order to explore pituitary adenoma (PA), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) remains the cornerstone. However, there are some limitations and MRI can be non-conclusive. The development of additional imaging modalities like nuclear medicine explorations may help to confirm PA diagnosis, guide management and follow up.

Protein-losing Enteropathy as a Complication and/or Differential Diagnosis of Common Variable Immunodeficiency.

As protein-losing enteropathy (PLE) can lead to hypogammaglobulinemia and lymphopenia, and since common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is associated with digestive complications, we wondered if (1) PLE could occur during CVID and (2) specific features could help determine whether a patient with antibody deficiency has CVID, PLE, or both. Eligible patients were thus classified in 3 groups: CVID + PLE (n = 8), CVID-only (= 19), and PLE-only (n = 13). PLE was diagnosed using fecal clearance of α1-antitrypsin or 111In-labeled albumin.

Quantitative dual isotope iodine/Tc-MIBI scintigraphy: A new approach to rule out malignancy in thyroid nodules.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of dual isotope Iodine/Tc-MIBI thyroid scintigraphy (IMS) in discriminating between malignant and benign lesions in indeterminate nodules using quantitative analysis methods.

Methods: Thirty-five consecutive patients with thyroid nodules of indeterminate or non-diagnostic cytology and cold on Iodine scintigraphy (10 Bethesda I, 24 Bethesda III-IV, 1 in which cytology was impossible) underwent IMS between 2017 and 2019 with uptake quantification at two time points ahead of thyroidectomy: early and late. Images were analyzed by two blinded physicians.

F-FDG positron emission tomography scanning in systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease: a pilot study.

Background: Interstitial lung disease is a common complication of systemic sclerosis (SSc-ILD), and it remains difficult to accurately predict its course. Progressing ILD could be more metabolically active, suggesting that the F-FDG tracer could be a tool in the managing of SSc-ILD.

Methods: In our center, SSc patients and controls (non-Hodgkin lymphoma cured after first-line regimen) who had received a PET/CT were screened retrospectively.

The Impact of Modern Chemotherapy and Chemotherapy-Associated Liver Injuries (CALI) on Liver Function: Value of 99mTc-Labelled-Mebrofenin SPECT-Hepatobiliary Scintigraphy.

Background: Chemotherapy is increasingly used before hepatic resection, with controversial impact regarding liver function. This study aimed to assess the capacity of 99mTc-labelled-mebrofenin SPECT-hepatobiliary scintigraphy (HBS) to predict liver dysfunction due to chemotherapy and/or chemotherapeutic-associated liver injuries (CALI), such as sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) activity score (NAS).

Methods: From 2011 to 2015, all consecutive noncirrhotic patients scheduled for a major hepatectomy (≥ 3 segments) gave informed consent for preoperative SPECT-HBS allowing measurements of segmental liver function.

Prognostic value of the metabolic bulk volume in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma on baseline F-FDG PET-CT.

We retrospectively investigated the prognostic value of the metabolic bulk volume (MBV), defined as the metabolic volume of the largest lesion, in 106 patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma who underwent baseline FDG PET-CT. Semi-automatically segmented (41% SUV) total metabolic tumor volume (TMTV) and MBV underwent receiver operating characteristic analysis, identifying optimal thresholds of 147 cm for the TMTV and 41.5 cm for the MBV.

Asymmetric kinetics of volume and function of the remnant liver after major hepatectomy as a key for postoperative outcome - A case-matched study.

Background: The kinetics of remnant liver (RL) function is unknown after major hepatectomy (MH), especially in case of post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF). This study investigated the change in RL function after MH using 99mTc-labelled-mebrofenin SPECT-scintigraphy and its correlation with RL volume and PHLF.

Methods: From 2011 to 2015, 125 patients undergoing MH had volumetric assessment by CT and functional SPECT-scintigraphy preoperatively and at day 7 (POD7) and 1 month (1M).

Laparoscopic Partial ALPPS: Much Better Than ALPPS!

Associating Liver Partition and Portal Vein Ligation for Staged Hepatectomy (ALPPS) has emerged as an alternative for patients with bilobar colorectal liver metastasis deemed unresectable due to inadequate future remnant liver (FRL). Nevertheless, high morbidity and mortality rates have been reported. In this setting, including hepatobiliary scintigraphy in the clinical and surgical management of patients offered ALPPS has been advocated to both assess eligibility for ALPPS stagel and suitable time for ALPPS stage2.

A new pharmacokinetic model for Y-ibritumomab tiuxetan based on 3-dimensional dosimetry.

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are key components in several therapies for cancer and inflammatory diseases but current knowledge of their clinical pharmacokinetics and distribution in human tissues remains incomplete. Consequently, optimal dosing and scheduling in clinics are affected. With sequential radiolabeled mAb-based imaging, radiation dosing in tissues/organs can be calculated to provide a better assessment of mAb concentrations in tissues.

Radium 223 dichloride for prostate cancer treatment.

Prostate cancer is the most common malignant disease in men. Several therapeutic agents have been approved during the last 10 years. Among them, radium-223 dichloride (Xofigo) is a radioactive isotope that induces irreversible DNA double-strand breaks and consequently tumor cell death.

Repetitive F-FDG-PET/CT in patients with large-vessel giant-cell arteritis and controlled disease.

Objective: F-FDG PET/CT can detect large-vessel involvement in giant-cell arteritis (GCA) with a good sensitivity. In patients with clinically and biologically controlled disease, we aimed to assess how vascular uptakes evolve on repetitive FDG-PET/CT.

Patients And Methods: All included patients had to satisfy the 4 following criteria: 1) diagnosis of GCA was retained according to the criteria of the American College of Rheumatology or based on the satisfaction of 2 criteria associated with the demonstration of large-vessel involvement on FDG-PET/CT; 2) all patients had a positive PET/CT that was performed at diagnosis before treatment or within the first 10days of treatment; 3) another FDG-PET/CT was performed after at least 3months of controlled disease without any relapse; 4) patients were followed-up at least for 12months.

Contribution of hepatobiliary scintigraphy in assessing ALPPS most suited timing.

To reduce post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF), associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) has been recently developed for patients with a limited future remnant liver (FRL). Nevertheless, high morbi-mortality rates have been reported . The current study aimed to analyze the kinetics of FRL function in patients who were offered ALPPS.

Performance of 18F-FDG PET/CT in the Characterization of Adrenal Masses in Noncancer Patients: A Prospective Study.

Context: Few prospective studies have evaluated the role of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) in the characterization of adrenal masses.

Objective: To assess the performance of 18F-FDG PET/CT in the malignancy diagnosis of adrenal masses in noncancer patients.

Design: Prospective multicenter study.

Nuclear medicine for photodynamic therapy in cancer: Planning, monitoring and nuclear PDT.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a modality with promising results for the treatment of various cancers. PDT is increasingly included in the standard of care for different pathologies. This therapy relies on the effects of light delivered to photosensitized cells.

[Usefulness of nuclear medicine in Erdheim-Chester disease: A Lille experience].

Introduction: Erdheim-Chester disease is a rare form of non-langerhans histiocytosis and its etiology is still not well established. The aims of the study were to assess the value of the bone scintigraphy and the F-FDG PET/CT for the diagnostic and for the latter in the therapeutic evaluation.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 49 patients suspected of Erdheim-Chester disease between 2004 and 2016.

Long term use of metformin in idiopathic cyclic edema, report of thirteen cases and review of the literature.

Introduction: Idiopathic cyclic edema (ICE) is a rare cause of edema. To date, there is no standard of care. The physiopathology of ICE could be explained by an impairment of capillary permeability.

Hyperparathyroidism complicating CYP 24A1 mutations.

CYP24A1 gene mutations induce infantile hypercalcemia, with high 1,25(OH)D contrasting with low PTH levels. The adult phenotype is not well known. Two unrelated adult patients were referred for nephrolithiasis, hypertension, hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria, normal 25-OHD levels, and inappropriate PTH levels (22 to 92pg/mL;N: 15-68) suggesting primary hyperparathyroidism, leading to surgery.