Mixed Pneumocystis and Cryptococcus cutaneous infection histologically mimicking xanthoma.

Cutaneous Pneumocystis jirovecii infection is rare. It is thought that the disease emerges from a latent infection delivered via hematogenous and/or lymphatic dissemination from a primary lung infection in immunocompromised individuals. A 32-year-old human immunodeficiency virus-positive male was admitted for headache and vomiting.

Increased diagnosis of thin superficial spreading melanomas: A 20-year study.

Background: Diagnostic practice by dermatopathologists evaluating pigmented lesions may have evolved over time.

Objectives: We sought to investigate diagnostic drift among a group of dermatopathologists asked to re-evaluate cases initially diagnosed 20 years ago.

Methods: Twenty nine cases of dysplastic nevi with severe atypia and 11 cases of thin radial growth-phase melanoma from 1988 through 1990 were retrieved from the pathology files of the Massachusetts General Hospital.

RNAi-mediated knockdown of protein kinase C-alpha inhibits cell migration in MM-RU human metastatic melanoma cell line.

Protein kinase C (PKC) is a multigene family of serine/threonine protein kinases involved in cell signaling pathways of proliferation and motility. PKC interacts with Rho GTPases in the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton. The PKC-alpha isozyme binds the Rho GTPase cdc42, and both are coordinated with the Rac-phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway in melanoma cell invasion and migration on extracellular matrix proteins.

A histological examination for skin atrophy after 6 months of treatment with fluocinolone acetonide 0.01%, hydroquinone 4%, and tretinoin 0.05% cream.

Melasma is a common disorder affecting a significant percentage of the population, particularly those with skin of color. Therapy with hydroquinone, a depigmenting agent, as a single agent or in combination with other agents has been used with variable success. A triple-combination (TC) cream combining hydroquinone 4% with tretinoin 0.