Background: Abelacimab is a fully human monoclonal antibody that binds to the inactive form of factor XI and blocks its activation. The safety of abelacimab as compared with a direct oral anticoagulant in patients with atrial fibrillation is unknown.
Methods: Patients with atrial fibrillation and a moderate-to-high risk of stroke were randomly assigned, in a 1:1:1 ratio, to receive subcutaneous injection of abelacimab (150 mg or 90 mg once monthly) administered in a blinded fashion or oral rivaroxaban (20 mg once daily) administered in an open-label fashion.
Introduction: Checkpoint inhibitors are increasingly important in anti-cancer treatment. Therefore, knowledge of immune-related cutaneous adverse events (ir-cAE) is crucial for therapy management and continuation.
Objective: The study aimed to analyze the incidence of cutaneous adverse events caused by checkpoint inhibitor therapy, including their clinical presentation, management, and impact on further treatment.
is a gram-positive coccus bacterium with a previously underestimated prevalence due to morphological similarities to other gram-positive cocci. Development of newer diagnostic technologies (such as matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry MALDI-TOF) led to increased recognition of as causative organism mainly for urinary tract infections. Its antibiotic susceptibility poses some challenges, with resistance to some drugs of choice for urinary tract infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: Due to the increasing complexity of the healthcare system, effective communication and data exchange between hospitalists (in-hospital physicians) and primary care physicians (PCPs) is both central and challenging. In Switzerland, little is known about hospitalists' perception of their communication with PCPs. The primary objective was to assess hospitalists' satisfaction with their communication with PCPs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: This scoping review aims to explore the current state of encounter notification systems (ENS) between emergency departments (EDs) and primary care providers (PCPs), focusing on their mechanisms, effectiveness, impacts, and challenges in healthcare settings.
Methods: A systematic search was conducted using PubMed/MEDLINE and Google Scholar to identify relevant literature on ENS between EDs and PCPs. Eligible studies were selected based on predefined criteria, and data were synthesized narratively.
Fostering locally relevant and community-centered forms of science learning that develop students' critical science agency problematizes a "one-size-fits-all" model of teacher learning; teachers must examine how community needs and resources, local inequities and justice issues, and curriculum materials can converge to design novel learning opportunities for science learners. This paper presents the core commitments of EMPOWER, a cross-institutional effort that aims to support teachers' sensemaking and adaptations of curriculum materials to promote student ownership, engagement, and relevance at multiple sites across the U.S.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) has been increasingly used for the ablation of liver tumours. CyberKnife and proton beam therapy (PBT) are two advanced treatment technologies suitable to deliver SBRT with high dose conformity and steep dose gradients. However, there is very limited data comparing the dosimetric characteristics of CyberKnife to PBT for liver SBRT.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: Palliative patients generally prefer to be cared for and die at home. Overly aggressive treatments place additional strain on already burdened patients and healthcare services, contributing to decreased quality of life and increased healthcare costs. This study characterises palliative inpatients, quantifies in-hospital mortality and potentially avoidable hospitalisations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Medication-related readmissions challenge healthcare systems by burdening patients, increasing costs and straining resources. However, to date, there has been no consensus study on indicators for medication-related readmissions.
Objectives: This Delphi study aimed to develop a consensus-based set of indicators for detecting patients at risk of medication-related readmission.
Objectives: The scientific literature contains an abundance of prediction models for hospital readmissions. However, no review has yet synthesized their predictors across various patient populations. Therefore, our aim was to examine predictors of hospital readmissions across 13 patient populations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: This report describes the essential steps in the development, implementation, evaluation and quality assurance of the written part of the Swiss Federal Licensing Examination for Human Medicine (FLE) and the insights gained since its introduction in 2011.
Methods: Based on existing scientific evidence, international expertise, and experience gained from previous examinations, the FLE is developed by experts from all five medical faculties in Switzerland with the support of the Institute for Medical Education and is held simultaneously at five locations. The exam organisers document and review every examination held and continuously optimise the processes; they have summarised the results in this report.
Aims: In Switzerland, certain patients with disabilities and reduced working ability are entitled to a disability pension granted by the Swiss Federal Social Insurance Office (FSIO). The aim was to assess the evolution of disability pension and work capacity after kidney transplantation and thereby pilot the procedures linking FSIO data with Swiss Transplant Cohort Study (STCS) data.
Methods: The current study pilot tested the record linkage of FSIO data with data from the STCS in a single-centre, observational setting.
A dosimetric study was undertaken to assess the ability of Cyberknife (CK), Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT), and TomoTherapy (Tomo) to generate treatment plans that mimic the dosimetry of high dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR BT) for prostate cancer. The project aimed to assess the potential of using stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for boost treatment of high-risk prostate cancer patients where HDR BT in combination with conformal external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) is the standard of care. The datasets of 6 prostate patients previously treated with HDR BT were collated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: GSK2849330, an anti-HER3 monoclonal antibody that blocks HER3/Neuregulin 1 (NRG1) signaling in cancer cells, is engineered for enhanced antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and complement-dependent cytotoxicity. This phase I, first-in-human, open-label study assessed the safety, pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics, and preliminary activity of GSK2849330 in patients with HER3-expressing advanced solid tumors.
Patients And Methods: Patients with various tumor types were prospectively selected for HER3 expression by immunohistochemistry; a subset was also screened for NRG1 mRNA expression.
A potent γ-secretase modulator (GSM) has been developed to circumvent problems associated with γ-secretase inhibitors (GSIs) and to potentially enable use in primary prevention of early-onset familial Alzheimer's disease (EOFAD). Unlike GSIs, GSMs do not inhibit γ-secretase activity but rather allosterically modulate γ-secretase, reducing the net production of Aβ42 and to a lesser extent Aβ40, while concomitantly augmenting production of Aβ38 and Aβ37. This GSM demonstrated robust time- and dose-dependent efficacy in acute, subchronic, and chronic studies across multiple species, including primary and secondary prevention studies in a transgenic mouse model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnplanned hospital readmissions are a burden to patients and increase healthcare costs. A wide variety of machine learning (ML) models have been suggested to predict unplanned hospital readmissions. These ML models were often specifically trained on patient populations with certain diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAims Of The Study: Based on large sets of routine hospital data from inpatient cases, we aimed to explore multimorbidity and intervention clusters showing high risks for in-hospital mortality and unplanned readmissions using data-driven analytical methods.
Methods: We performed an explorative, historical cohort study of consecutive inpatient cases at a tertiary care centre with an integrated platform for routine healthcare data in Switzerland. From January 2012 through to December 2017, all inpatients aged ≥18 years at hospital admission were eligible for study inclusion.
Purpose: Interest in Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists for cancer treatment has been renewed after promising preliminary clinical data in combination with checkpoint inhibitors. This first-in-human study assessed the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) properties of intravenous GSK1795091, a synthetic TLR4 agonist, in healthy volunteers as a precursor to evaluation in patients with cancer.
Methods: Healthy participants were randomized (1:3; double-blinded manner) to receive placebo or a single intravenous injection of GSK1795091 at doses of 7-100 ng.
Purpose: Specialized treatment machines such as the CyberKnife, TomoTherapy, or the GammaKnife, utilize flattening filter free (FFF) photon beams and may not be able to generate a 10 cm x 10 cm reference field. A new Code of Practice has recently been published (IAEA TRS483) to give recommendations for these machines. Additionally, some standard laboratories provide measured beam quality correction factors for the user's reference chamber, which can be used instead of the published tabulated beam quality correction factors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRecent studies suggest that glioblastomas (GBMs) contacting the subventricular zone (SVZ) as the main adult neurogenic niche confer a dismal prognosis but disregard the unique molecular and prognostic phenotype associated with isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) mutations. We therefore examined location-dependent prognostic factors, growth, and recurrence patterns in a consecutive cohort of 285 IDH1-wildtype GBMs. Based on pre-operative contrast-enhanced MRI, patients were allotted to four location-dependent groups with (SVZ+; groups I, II) and without (SVZ-; groups III, IV) SVZ involvement or with (cortex+; groups I, III) and without (cortex-; groups II, IV) cortical involvement and compared for demographic, treatment, imaging, and survival data at first diagnosis and recurrence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: We aimed to quantify the shared information between medical diagnoses of an adult inpatient population to explore both multimorbidity patterns and vice versa the unrelatedness of medical diagnoses.
Study Design And Setting: This was a cross-sectional study, performed at a tertiary care center in Switzerland. Diagnoses were routinely coded using the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision.