Unexplained disabling and long-lasting cough: a case report.

Background: A 51-year-old woman was referred to our department due to chronic dry cough lasting six years without an etiological diagnosis. The patient suffered from chronic deterioration in her quality of life due to a persistent cough that sounded like a barking seal.

Case Presentation: A severe form of malacia involving the inferior third of trachea and the main bronchi was diagnosed.

Restrictive vs Liberal Transfusion Strategy in Patients With Acute Brain Injury: The TRAIN Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Blood transfusions are commonly administered to patients with acute brain injury. The optimal hemoglobin transfusion threshold is uncertain in this patient population.

Objective: To assess the impact on neurological outcome of 2 different hemoglobin thresholds to guide red blood cell transfusions in patients with acute brain injury.

"It's all about setting the stage." The nurse facilitator trial: perceived outcomes and implementation issues. A qualitative study among ICU clinicians and nurse facilitators.

Purpose: For the first time in France, a randomised controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the impact of a nurse facilitator on family psychological symptoms. We sought to explore the implementation of the intervention, how it was experienced by clinicians, as well as the barriers and facilitators to implementing the change.

Methods: We conducted qualitative semi-structured interviews with intensive care unit (ICU) clinicians and facilitators involved in the trial.

Prospective multi-center evaluation of the incidence of unplanned extubation and its outcomes in French intensive care units. The Safe-ICU study.

Background: We aimed to determine the epidemiology and outcomes of unplanned extubation (UE), both accidental and self-extubation, in ICU.

Methods: A multicentre prospective cohort study was conducted in 47 French ICUs. The number of mechanical ventilation (MV) days, and planned and unplanned extubation were recorded in each center over a minimum period of three consecutive months to evaluate UE incidence.

Continuous non-invasive vs. invasive arterial blood pressure monitoring during neuroradiological procedure: a comparative, prospective, monocentric, observational study.

Background: In the perioperative setting, the most accurate way to continuously measure arterial blood pressure (ABP) is using an arterial catheter. Surrogate methods such as finger cuff have been developed to allow non-invasive measurements and are increasingly used, but need further evaluation. The aim of this study is to evaluate the accuracy and clinical concordance between two devices for the measurement of ABP during neuroradiological procedure.

A randomised controlled trial of a nurse facilitator to promote communication for family members of critically ill patients.

Purpose: Suboptimal communication with clinicians, fragmented care and failure to align with patients' preferences are determinants of post intensive care unit (ICU) burden in family members. Our aim was to evaluate the impact of a nurse facilitator on family psychological burden.

Methods: We carried out a randomised controlled trial in five ICUs in France comparing standard communication by ICU clinicians to additional communication and support by nurse facilitators.

Prevention of post-operative delirium using an overnight infusion of dexmedetomidine in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: a pragmatic, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Background: After cardiac surgery, post-operative delirium (PoD) is acknowledged to have a significant negative impact on patient outcome. To date, there is no valuable and specific treatment for PoD. Critically ill patients often suffer from poor sleep condition.

Moderate Exercise Modulates Inflammatory Responses and Improves Survival in a Murine Model of Acute Pneumonia.

Objectives: An association between physical inactivity and worse outcome during infectious disease has been reported. The effect of moderate exercise preconditioning on the immune response during an acute pneumonia in a murine model was evaluated.

Setting: Laboratory experiments.

Prophylactic platelet transfusion response in critically ill patients: a prospective multicentre observational study.

Background: Response to prophylactic platelet transfusion is suspected to be inconsistent in critically ill patients questioning how to optimize transfusion practices. This study aimed to describe prophylactic platelet transfusion response, to identify factors associated with a suboptimal response, to analyse the correlation between corrected count increment and platelet count increment and to determine the association between poor platelet transfusion response and clinical outcomes.

Methods: This prospective multicentre observational study recruited patients who received at least one prophylactic platelet transfusion in one of the nine participating intensive care units for a period up to 16 months.

Guidelines on perioperative optimization protocol for the adult patient 2023.

Objective: The French Society of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine [Société Française d'Anesthésie et de Réanimation (SFAR)] aimed at providing guidelines for the implementation of perioperative optimization programs.

Design: A consensus committee of 29 experts from the SFAR was convened. A formal conflict-of-interest policy was developed at the outset of the process and enforced throughout.

Postoperative transfusion hemoglobin threshold and functional recovery after high-risk oncologic surgery: A randomized controlled pilot study.

Background: Robust evidence to inform best transfusion management after major oncologic surgery, where postoperative recovery might impact treatment regimens for cancer, is lacking. We conducted a study to validate the feasibility of a larger trial comparing liberal versus restrictive red blood cells (RBC) transfusion strategies after major oncologic surgery.

Study Design And Methods: This was a two-center, randomized, controlled, study of patients admitted to the intensive care unit after major oncologic surgery.

Secondary Neurologic Deterioration After Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury: Development of a Multivariable Prediction Model and Proposition of a Simple Triage Score.

Background: Identifying patients at risk of secondary neurologic deterioration (SND) after moderate traumatic brain injury (moTBI) is a challenge, as such patients will need specific care. No simple scoring system has been evaluated to date. This study aimed to determine clinical and radiological factors associated with SND after moTBI and to propose a triage score.

Interferon gamma-1b for the prevention of hospital-acquired pneumonia in critically ill patients: a phase 2, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial.

Purpose: We aimed to determine whether interferon gamma-1b prevents hospital-acquired pneumonia in mechanically ventilated patients.

Methods: In a multicenter, placebo-controlled, randomized trial conducted in 11 European hospitals, we randomly assigned critically ill adults, with one or more acute organ failures, under mechanical ventilation to receive interferon gamma-1b (100 µg every 48 h from day 1 to 9) or placebo (following the same regimen). The primary outcome was a composite of hospital-acquired pneumonia or all-cause mortality on day 28.

Anxiety and depression symptoms in relatives of moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury survivors - A multicentre cohort.

Introduction: The prevalence and risk factors of anxiety and depression symptoms in relatives of moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) survivors have not been thoroughly investigated.

Methods: Ancillary study of a multicentric prospective randomized-controlled trial in nine university hospitals in 370 moderate-to-severe TBI patients. TBI survivor-relative dyads were included in the 6th month of follow-up.

Impact of continuous hypertonic (NaCl 20%) saline solution on renal outcomes after traumatic brain injury (TBI): a post hoc analysis of the COBI trial.

Background: To evaluate if the increase in chloride intake during a continuous infusion of 20% hypertonic saline solution (HSS) is associated with an increase in the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) compared to standard of care in traumatic brain injury patients.

Methods: In this post hoc analysis of the COBI trial, 370 patients admitted for a moderate-to-severe TBI in the 9 participating ICUs were enrolled. The intervention consisted in a continuous infusion of HSS to maintain a blood sodium level between 150 and 155 mmol/L for at least 48 h.

Continued enteral nutrition until extubation compared with fasting before extubation in patients in the intensive care unit: an open-label, cluster-randomised, parallel-group, non-inferiority trial.

Background: Fasting is frequently imposed before extubation in patients in intensive care units, with the aim to reduce risk of aspiration. This unevaluated practice might delay extubation, increase workload, and reduce caloric intake. We aimed to compare continued enteral nutrition until extubation with fasting before extubation in patients in the intensive care unit.

Effect of Remifentanil vs Neuromuscular Blockers During Rapid Sequence Intubation on Successful Intubation Without Major Complications Among Patients at Risk of Aspiration: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: It is uncertain whether a rapid-onset opioid is noninferior to a rapid-onset neuromuscular blocker during rapid sequence intubation when used in conjunction with a hypnotic agent.

Objective: To determine whether remifentanil is noninferior to rapid-onset neuromuscular blockers for rapid sequence intubation.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Multicenter, randomized, open-label, noninferiority trial among 1150 adults at risk of aspiration (fasting for <6 hours, bowel occlusion, recent trauma, or severe gastroesophageal reflux) who underwent tracheal intubation in the operating room at 15 hospitals in France from October 2019 to April 2021.

Factors associated with an unfavourable outcome in elderly intensive care traumatic brain injury patients. a retrospective multicentre study.

Background: Changes in the epidemiology of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in older patients have received attention, but limited data are available on the outcome of these patients after admission to intensive care units (ICUs). The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of patients over 65 years of age who were admitted to an ICU for TBI.

Methods: This was a multicentre, retrospective, observational study conducted from January 2013 to February 2019 in the surgical ICUs of 5 level 1 trauma centres in France.

Characteristics and outcomes of SARS-COV 2 critically ill patients after emergence of the variant of concern 20H/501Y.V2: A comparative cohort study.

There are currently no data regarding characteristics of critically ill patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variant of concern (VOC) 20H/501Y.V2. We therefore aimed to describe changes of characteristics in critically ill patients with Covid-19 between the first and the second wave when viral genome sequencing indicated that VOC was largely dominant in Mayotte Island (Indian Ocean).

Management of urgent invasive procedures in patients treated with direct oral anticoagulants: An observational registry analysis.

Background: Patients treated with direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) may require urgent procedures. Managing these patients is challenging due to different bleeding risks and may include laboratory testing, procedural delays, or haemostatic/reversal agent administration.

Objective: We evaluated management strategies and outcomes of urgent, non-haemostatic invasive procedures in patients treated with DOACs.

Short acting intravenous beta-blocker as a first line of treatment for atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery: a prospective observational study.

Post-operative atrial fibrillation (POAF) defined as a new-onset of atrial fibrillation (AF) following surgery occurs frequently after cardiac surgery. For non-symptomatic patients, rate control strategy seems to be as effective as rhythm control one in surgical patients. Landiolol is a new highly cardio-selective beta-blocker agent with interesting pharmacological properties that may have some interest in this clinical situation.

Medical nutrition therapy and clinical outcomes in critically ill adults: a European multinational, prospective observational cohort study (EuroPN).

Background: Medical nutrition therapy may be associated with clinical outcomes in critically ill patients with prolonged intensive care unit (ICU) stay. We wanted to assess nutrition practices in European intensive care units (ICU) and their importance for clinical outcomes.

Methods: Prospective multinational cohort study in patients staying in ICU ≥ 5 days with outcome recorded until day 90.